At the end of the 19th century, the name of Nikolai Chizhov, who had the ability to recognize people by handwriting, resounded throughout St. Petersburg. While on business in Kiev, he went to the Right Reverend Theophilos and found the members of the teachers' council of the Theological Academy, who were in great difficulty. Three graduates scored an equal number of points, and there was only one to choose …
Chizhov looked at the works of these students and said: “The author of this is blond, reckless, thin … This is nervous, selfish … And the third is a handsome, lively, energetic brunette. So give him the primacy, he's worth it. Struck by the accuracy of the characteristics, the members of the teachers' council began to ask Chizhov how he managed to see not only the character trait, but also the appearance by handwriting. “I don’t know myself,” he answered, “I see, and that's it…”
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Much later, scientists will determine that the psychomotor movements of our fingers during writing are directed by electromagnetic impulses coming from the brain. Graphology data will be used in psychology to study individual character traits. In forensics, they will begin to be used for psychological diagnostics. In medicine, they will allow you to identify the early stages of Parkinson's disease by slightly trembling handwriting.
SCRIPT IS WHAT A MIRROR
The science of handwriting and the reflection in it of the character traits of the writer arose almost simultaneously with the creation of writing. Its scientific foundations were laid by the student of Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher and naturalist Theophrastus. The term "graphology" itself was introduced in 1872 by the French scientist Jean Michon. At the same time, graphology acted as a special discipline.
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With the development of technology, the possibilities of graphology have greatly expanded. In the United States in the 80s of the XX century, a computer program was created to determine the business qualities of applicants for vacancies in institutions and firms. It is based on data from a study of the handwriting of 500,000 people. The computer almost instantly gives out the psychophysical characteristics of a person by 130 parameters.
Businessmen are very interested in how, judging by the handwriting, a person copes with overloads, whether it is easy for him to bear the burden of responsibility, whether he has secret doubts about his competence - that is, those factors that cannot be identified during a conversation when hiring a person.
Graphology is now taught at American universities. More than 3,000 American, 80% German, more than half of large Swiss firms and companies carry out graphological analysis of handwriting when hiring or appointing to responsible posts.
So, graphology can do much more than just distinguish two people by handwriting. An experienced graphologist will determine with a high degree of accuracy whether a given person is an optimist or a pessimist, to which sciences he is more adapted - to humanitarian tiled ones.
GRAPHOLOGIST FROM GOD
Graphology is not so much a dry science as an art. No computer can pick up information that an experienced graphologist can easily read. A piece of paper written over, as it were, radiates the energy of the writer and even conveys his appearance. The extrasensory perception of handwriting is similar in nature to the ability of some people to make a medical diagnosis or determine its location at the moment from a photograph or personal belongings of a person.
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In the December 1896 supplement to the journal Nature and People, the story of the murder of the lawyer Bernay in Brussels was published. The killers are gone. It was only possible to find out that he used the fictitious surname Vaughan, and to find a piece of paper covered with his hand. We turned to a graphologist, and he gave the following conclusion:
“The temperament is hot, ardent, the character is bilious, the bone is wide, the muscles are developed, the age is average, the circulation is unfriendly. Tendency to anger, to misanthropy. In anger turns pale, gait is correct, does not like arguments. There is more arrogance in him than pride, he considers well and loves order in everything. Selfish, proud, ambitious, speaks little, subtle diplomat. Understands art, devoid of any religious feelings. The face is swarthy, the eyes are most likely gray, the nose is slightly humped, the hands are small with thin fingers, the teeth are good. She narrows her eyes, the accent is not entirely clear. On the right hand, the middle finger is phenomenally developed."
After 10 days, according to these exact signs, the offender was arrested. Needless to say, computer graphology could give only half of the listed characteristics. The graphologist from God is always also a psychic!
And here are examples from the recent past. One automobile company, suffering millions of losses from theft, having exhausted all funds, turned to a graphologist for help. After reviewing samples of employees' handwriting, he said that the vice president of the company was involved in the crimes. They put him under surveillance and got caught. Indeed, he was the head of a criminal gang.
GRAPHOLOGIST CHECKISTS
In pre-revolutionary Russia, so little attention was paid to graphology that this term did not even get into the 82-volume Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron. In 1925, all Russian graphologists were registered. And they either ceased their legal activities, or moved to the secret departments of the NKVD, and then the KGB.
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Soon all references to the work of graphologists disappeared from the Soviet press. The society began to cultivate the idea of graphology as a pseudoscience. In the meantime, the graphologist-security officers established, using the voting ballots, which of the deputies of the XIII Congress of the RCP (b) and the XVII Congress of the CPSU (b) voted against Stalin. Several years will pass, and all the "Protestants" will be shot in the back of the head …
By the way, one of the most prominent Soviet graphologists, Semenov, a few days before Yesenin's mysterious death, on behalf of the authorities, studied his handwriting and made a conclusion about the poet's mental imbalance. Later, the same graphologist performed an examination of Maxim Gorky's handwriting.
The most famous graphologist who worked in the NKVD was Zuev-Insarov. Examining the autograph of the famous Soviet writer Vsevolod Ivanov, he wrote the following conclusion:
“An inquisitive and restless thought. Inclination to reflection, introspection. When drastic measures are required, he does not stop at them, but is familiar with great hesitation. He does not express much, often being afraid to remain incomprehensible. Proud, able to be stubborn. At times irritable, picky. He knows how to do a lot of work at once, but works unevenly. Moments highly gifted, moments becomes apathetic. He does not lose composure in serious moments of life. He rarely converges deeply with people: he loves the company of people of the same mood. In personal relationships, she is more of a gentle nature, although at times a difficult person. Impressive. Attacks of fear, often without real basis. It is difficult to fit into the framework of everyday life. The complexity of personal experiences, sometimes expressed in the form of internal contradictions. The obsession of certain ideas”.
Vsevolod Ivanov responded to this characterological sketch like this: "Your characterization shocked me as a spirit of great talent!"
MEMORY AUTOGRAPH
Before the invention of the typewriter, manuscripts were the source material for reproduction. Therefore, in elementary schools, great attention was paid to calligraphy - the art of writing beautifully and legibly. Calligraphy lessons disappeared from our elementary school curriculum in the 1950s. And now, when computers have replaced typewriters everywhere, no one remembers beautiful handwriting, and most people write like a chicken with a paw.
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Handwriting deteriorates sharply in moments of haste, from which writers of the last century suffered, who tried not to miss inspiration. Victor Hugo's manuscripts are reminiscent of a battlefield, where fallen (crossed out) words are replaced by new warriors, not in battle order.
Typesetters agreed to work on Balzac's manuscripts only for an increased fee, and even then not more than an hour a day. The French philosopher Montaigne had such illegible handwriting that he had to hire a secretary to write his "Experiments" in a form acceptable to the printing house. The great economist Charles Dickens wrote in microscopic letters, very sloppy and, in addition, in blue ink on blue (the cheapest) paper.
At present, doctors have preserved a large amount of handwriting, and their handwriting has got into jokes. Despite, however, the progress of typewritten technology, two types of manuscripts have survived - autographs and signatures on documents. It is they who lift the veil over the secrets of human character. Graphologists say that the signature is the mirror of the soul. The more pretentious it is, the more a person's opinion of himself deviates from reality.
Daria SHTIL