But The Worldwide Flood Was - Alternative View

But The Worldwide Flood Was - Alternative View
But The Worldwide Flood Was - Alternative View

Video: But The Worldwide Flood Was - Alternative View

Video: But The Worldwide Flood Was - Alternative View
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Anonim

Legends about the Flood are found among very many tribes and peoples of Africa, Asia, Europe, America. We, Europeans, are most familiar with the biblical myth with its ark of Noah, where all the creatures were taken in pairs. But at the beginning of the 20th century, clay tablets from the time of ancient Sumer were found, in which the salvation of the Sumerian hero Ziusudra from the waves of the global flood was described in almost the same words.

Among the cities of the Sumerian civilization, perhaps the most famous is the city of Ur. It is the second southern Sumerian city and the second most founded after Eridu. And the only one of the cities of Sumer that was worthy of mention in the Bible: it was from Ur that the forefather of the Jewish people Abraham came out (although in the Bible the city is called Chaldean).

During the period between the first and second world wars, the city of Ur was excavated by the famous British archaeologist Leonard Woolley. Deeper into the ground just one meter, Leonard Woolley stumbled upon what archeology calls the mainland: a layer of untouched land without any trace of human activity. In this case, it was a layer of pure sea sand (I don’t know how archaeologists distinguish sea sand from river sand, but somehow they do it). Usually, as soon as archaeologists stumble upon the mainland, they stop digging further, because it is believed that the excavation has reached the layers, before which there was no man in these places. However, Woolley by this time already had quite a lot of experience and for some reason doubted that he had reached the mainland. Therefore, he continued to delve into the ground. After three meters, the layer of clean sea sand ended and the cultural layers began again,filled with the remnants of human activity.

The conclusion was that sea water came from the south and destroyed the old civilization, burying it under a 3-meter sand bed. And then, when the water left, new people came to these places and began to build a new civilization. It finally turned out that the flood happened at a time when the predecessors of the Sumerians lived in these places, who in history are called Ubaidians by the name of the town of El-Ubeid, where the first traces of this pre-Sumerian civilization were found. And the names of all Sumerian cities - Eridu, Ur, Lagash, Uruk, Kish, Nippur, etc. - are Ubaid names, not Sumerian ones. They, the Ubaid people, passed on to the Sumerians who came here from nowhere their legends about the flood.

This conclusion was in fairly good agreement with the Biblical and Babylonian myths about the worldwide flood, but the mere fact of the existence of 3-meter sediments in the ancient city was not enough. Additional facts were required. And they were received pretty quickly.

In the north of Iraq there is the famous Shanidar cave in the archaeological world. It is known for the fact that people (and the ancestors of humans) lived in it continuously for hundreds of thousands of years, leaving behind cultural layers 15 meters thick: Neanderthals, Cro-Magnons, Homo Sapiens. The head of the American archaeological expedition Ralph Soletsky began to excavate the cave after the end of the Second World War. And here are some interesting facts he discovered.

The entire 15-meter cultural layer in the cave can be conditionally divided into four separate layers, which Soletsky designated with the letters A, B, C and D (if you count from top to bottom). Layer A (that is, the uppermost and youngest) has been forming for the last seven thousand years. Layer B (only 30 cm thick) has been accumulating for about five thousand years. In layer B, there are no remnants of human production activities in the form of clay shards, bone needles, arrowheads and spearheads, stone millstones and grain grinders, as well as no bones of animals and fish. But there are a lot of shells. At the same time, the shells are hacked, which means that someone collected them and then eaten them. It turns out that the inhabitants of the cave, who formed this layer, did not practice farming and cattle breeding, hunting and fishing, but collected what they could find at hand. Radiocarbon analysis showedthat layer B began to form around 10,000 BC. It should also be noted that there are no blocks and pieces of limestone in layers A and B.

Layer C is 3 meters thick. It contained stone axes, scrapers, knives, spearheads and other traces of human activity, proving a rather high level of human culture in comparison with the later settlers who formed layer B. Also in this layer were found numerous blocks of lime and smaller fragments that fell from the ceiling of the cave. And here is what is most interesting: the uppermost level of layer C was formed 29 thousand years ago, while the lowest level of the next layer B was formed only 12 thousand years ago. The soil layer is completely absent for 17 thousand years. In addition, layer C has a very uneven surface, which indicates the constant operation of the sea surf.

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Finally, layer D, which is 9 meters thick, abuts against the rocky base of the cave. It contains the tools of labor of ancient settlers, and even several skeletons were found. But the existing artifacts were processed much more roughly compared to the finds of the next layer C.

The most interesting thing about this whole story is that between layers B and C, layers of sea silt and sand, intact seashells and imprints of seaweed were also found. An analysis of all the artifacts and features found led to the inevitable conclusion that around the 27th millennium BC, a huge wave came here from the south, which flooded the cave, destroying its inhabitants, who formed layer C. And after that, no one lived in the cave for 17 thousand years (there are no people left in the vicinity?). And when, 17 thousand years later, new settlers came here, their level of development was orders of magnitude lower than their predecessors.

The height of the cave above sea level is 750 meters. And the cave itself is at a distance of about a thousand kilometers from the sea. How high would this killing tsunami wave be to reach the cave and flood it? Obviously over a kilometer. I can only offer one explanation for this phenomenon: an asteroid.

About 27 thousand years BC, a giant asteroid collapsed into the waters of the Indian Ocean, giving rise to the deadly megatsunami. And the peculiarity of the coastline of the northern part of the Indian Ocean contributed to an increase in the wave height. Recall how the height of a tidal wave rises when it enters a narrow bay (for example, in the Bay of Fundy on the Canadian-American border, the tide height reaches 15 meters). The converging shores of the Indian and Arabian Peninsulas form something that resembles such a huge bay. And the Persian Gulf forms its continuation. Therefore, the megatsunami generated by the asteroid, while moving north, began to grow upward and in the Persian Gulf could well reach a 2-kilometer height.

There are also facts in favor of this hypothesis: the existence of the so-called chevron dunes on the shores of the Indian Ocean (Madagascar, Africa, the coast of India and Pakistan, the Arabian Peninsula, Sri Lanka, Australia). The dunes are called chevron dunes for the reason that in their shape they resemble a chevron - a military sleeve insignia in the shape of a corner with a point up. Chevron dunes are formed by giant tsunami waves: when ocean water leaves the flooded land, it grinds the sea sand deposited on land in such a way that it forms a chevron with a point towards the sea. In Madagascar, chevron dunes stretch inland for a distance of 45-50 km. The height of the chevron dunes can reach 200 meters, and the length can be several hundred kilometers. This is how high the wave should beto go deeper towards the land for a distance of up to 45-50 km and still be able to form chevron dunes?

Strictly speaking, megatsunami can be caused not only by a giant asteroid falling into the sea, but also by an eruption of an underwater volcano or a giant underwater landslide. However, the asteroid hypothesis is supported by the presence of microscopic particles of iron, nickel and chromium in the dunes, which are quite common for space travelers, but are not found in volcanic lava.

Oceanologists have identified two potential culprits that could have caused the Flood. To the southeast of the southernmost part of Madagascar, at a point with coordinates 31 degrees south latitude and 61 degrees east longitude, on the seabed is the Barkle Basin with a diameter of 29 km, formed by an asteroid impact with a diameter of 2.7 to 5 km. During the fall, energy was released about 1000 times more than the energy of the explosion of the Indonesian volcano Tambor in 1815, when even in summer it snowed and all the grain froze. It is clear that an explosion with a power of 1000 times more should have much more serious consequences. Unfortunately, experts have not been able to establish the age of the Barkle crater, therefore, the belonging of the asteroid that formed this crater to the world is therefore still in question.

The second suspect for the role of the culprit of the global flood was named the Flood Meteoroid. It is also an asteroid, but much smaller than the asteroid Barkle. It collapsed into the northern part of the Arabian Sea at a point with coordinates 21 degrees north latitude and 63 degrees east longitude. It is almost opposite the entrance to the Gulf of Oman. Oceanologists managed to establish the time of the fall of this asteroid: approximately 3300 BC. But this date does not agree with the time of the end of layer C of Shanidar cave (remember, it is estimated at about 27,000 BC). Therefore, asteroid Barkle looks more likely to be responsible for the flooding of Shanidar Cave. However, if it was in this year that a global flood occurred, then the question naturally arises: can the memory of the catastrophe persist for so long in the human population?

I propose the following option: there were two floods. The first flood occurred 29 thousand years ago and was caused by the fall of the asteroid Barkle into the Indian Ocean, which generated a giant wave-megatsunami that flooded even the Shanidar cave in northern Iraq. But the memory of this catastrophe reached the era of the Sumerian civilization in a very weakened and distorted form. The second flood occurred in 3300 BC and was much weaker than the first, so the waters of the second flood did not reach the cave. But they left a 3-meter sediment of sea sand in the ruins of a Sumerian city. The combination of scraps of old memory of the terrible flood that happened in very distant times, with the impressions of the huge waves that rushed from the sea just yesterday gave rise to numerous myths and legends about the worldwide flood in the literature of that time.

The Sumerians have a rather interesting myth, which is not directly related to the flood, and nevertheless gives rise to interesting conclusions on this phenomenon. It is called "Enmerkar and the ruler of Arrata." In this case, we will be interested in Arrata. This was the name of the country in the Armenian Highlands, a contemporary of Sumer, where the hero of the myth Enmerkar went. The succession of names has been preserved until now: Arrata - Urartu - Ararat. In the poem, Arrata is described as a country of rich spirituality, a land of holy rites and righteous divine laws. In the epic it is called "the testimony of the everlasting covenant," "sacred land." According to the author of the epic, the well-being of the country is a consequence of the piety of its inhabitants and their zeal in worshiping the solar God. And it looks pretty strange. After all, Enmerkar tried to conquer Arrata, and his opponent is usually painted with black paints. But if we assume that the lands of the Armenian Highlands served as a refuge for the few lucky ones who survived in the waters of the flood, there is nothing surprising in such deification of the place of salvation.

There was no biblical character of Noah with his ark in reality, just as there was no Sumerian hero Ziusudra or the Babylonian king Utnapishtim. But there were real lucky ones, carried by the waves of the flood to the lands of the Armenian Highlands, and survived the catastrophe here. And when the sea waters went back to the ocean, their descendants descended from the mountains into the plains and founded a new civilization. But at the same time, they preserved the memory of how high mountains helped them survive the disaster. And so they declared the place of their salvation as sacred land.

Author: Igor Prokhorov