It seems that in the X-VIII millennium BC in Eastern Anatolia there was no longer any primitive communism, but a system of exploitation of man by man was in effect. The Stone Age society was divided into classes, and the ruling elites used violence and terror to keep the people submissive. And all this led to nothing more and less, but to the first socialist revolution, which happened 9 thousand years ago.
In the 90s, Gebekli Tepe, the world's oldest megalithic temple complex, 12 thousand years old, was excavated in the southeast of Turkey. It is identical in scale to Stonehenge, but 7 thousand years older. During the construction of the structure, columns carved from the rock were used, 9 meters high and weighing up to 50 tons.
Scientists have calculated that it takes 500 people to manufacture and deliver these megaliths from the quarry. Such resources can only be mobilized if there is a social hierarchy, military and religious leaders.
Moreover, the giant structure was not a habitat. Only a small group of priests lived here permanently, but pilgrims flocked here for ritual holidays, who lived within a radius of several hundred kilometers.
Chaionu village is located just 100 kilometers from Gebekli Tepe. It was there, according to researcher Bernhard Brozius, that evidence of the existence of a despotic cult was found. A sacrificial stone was found in one of the temples, hemoglobin analysis confirmed that human sacrifices were performed here. And on a massive scale.
In the "storeroom" of the ritual complex, 70 skulls and parts of skeletons of more than 400 people were found, stacked in piles.
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But, at the beginning of the VIII millennium BC. e. Gebekli Tepe ceased to exist. It was not destroyed by the war or simply abandoned by people. He was deliberately … covered with earth! The volume of the soil was about 500 cubic meters - this is one hundred KamAZ dump trucks. Why did this happen?
The answer to this question was found in Chaionu. Around 7200 BC, amazing things happened there: the temple where the sacrifices were performed was burned and destroyed. The same fate befell three rich, spacious houses, which were located in the area of the local Rublevka.
Raiding enemies? But the houses of the ordinary inhabitants of the village were not damaged. Moreover, on the ruins of an elite village … a landfill was soon organized.
Soon a new village arose nearby, it no longer bore traces of social stratification. There were no manor houses or slums. In fact, there was one middle-class house in the village, which existed in the amount of 1,500 copies.
The Turkish archaeologist Mehmet Ozdogan, who led the excavations, believes that the only explanation for what happened can only be … a social upheaval, the epicenter of which was the village of Chaionu.