The technological revolution is wonderful: we carry shops and banks in iPhones, an online translator is getting smarter, and a taxi can be ordered in one click. But it also has a downside: robots and algorithms are getting close to work books and strive to replace us in all areas of activity. To find out how close they are to the goal, we analyzed the biennial report of the Future of Jobs of the World Economic Forum and understood everything about the next five years. We will tell you whose resume will be burned first, and who will manage to ride the wave.
The revolution - 2018–2022 has four key engines: high-speed Internet, to which you can connect even from a village near Khabarovsk, artificial intelligence, the spread of Big Data and cloud technologies. This friendly company changes everything: business is alarmingly fast adapting to them and growing (the Internet is reforming aviation, travel and tourism, financial services and the consumer market; big data is changing financial and investment services and industries related to energy and technology; they are all in place turn the sphere of information technology upside down), socio-economic trends are changing, the middle class is expanding, and access to education is growing.
According to the authors of the report, the fourth industrial revolution is not a joke, it will require reforming almost everything, as well as bold leadership, a lively spirit and, most importantly, a restructuring of the profession market.
Three waves of work automation await us, with a shock force of 5% of jobs today and almost 40% by the mid-2030s. Today, in mainstream business industries, 71% of cases are done by humans and only 29% by machines. By 2022, the balance will shift not in our favor: 58% is expected against 42%. In general, automation is useful and convenient, like photoshop for a designer and fMRI for a scientist, but it is also fraught with mass layoffs, growing inequality and monstrous unemployment. If humanity cannot quickly and efficiently replenish itself, it will be necessary to quote James Lowell.
In previous times, that is, during the first and second industrial revolutions, we did a four-thing: Marx, of course, created his own "Capital", and we got our improved factories, but the working class paid in blood, sweat and poverty. To prevent the fourth coming on the heels from being crowned with pain, experts advise relying on training: leaders - leadership, government - mobility, and ordinary mortals - new professions and the ability to be friends with technology (in Russia, 54% plan to fire employees who lack such skill companies).
To prevent your particular life from being crowned with pain, we have compiled a short overview of useful and useless skills and professions for those who want to meet the revolution fully armed and listen to the maxim of Pokras Lampas: “Either you took a train to the future, or you will get on it when everyone has already left."
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At risk
routine and monotony
Whether you are a bank clerk, accountant, administrator, packer, cashier, packer, or conveyor belt worker, we have bad news for you. Hiring workers who would have killed Kafka undermines the robotics trend: 23% to 37% of companies plan to invest in robots and machine learning. Most have their eyes on stationary robots, the oil and gas industry is interested in everyone at once, and the financial sector is betting on humanoid robots, intending to implement them before 2022.
Oddly enough, in Russia, a seemingly oil and gas country, the demand for robots is not high: we have them at the very end of the list of innovations interesting for business (in the next five years, only 51% of companies are going to replace people with stationary jobs, and humanlike ones are not at all honored - only 18% of companies are interested in them).
The trend of changing locations also works for simple workers from the factory. 59% of employers are going to change the geography of production and the mechanics of resource allocation by 2022, since 64% of companies rely not on skilled geniuses, but on cheap labor, flexible legislation, proximity of raw materials, etc.
But for every comforting news, there is a disappointing one: workers in the health care, mining, metallurgical and chemical industries will still face massive purges. Based on investments, the most severe re-profiling (68% of employees) is also expected in aviation, travel and tourism. In 2022, machines will perform 62% of tasks related to organizing, processing and retrieving information, 23% of which are tied to interacting with people, that is, consultants, coordinators, HR managers, secretaries and people with exciting professions related to data entry., it is worth considering a career change. Bot-indistinguishable online service workers in banks, air travel and similar industries are likely to become an endangered species by 2022.
laziness and slow thinking
Business - a wise organism - always cares about its safety. Therefore, companies have already come up with weapons that will insure their development for the next five years: along with automation, they will begin to hire employees who are close friends with the latest technologies (53% for top positions), and retrain existing ones. All would be fine, but the likelihood of hiring well-trained employees is almost double the chances that the good old workers will keep their jobs. A quarter of the companies surveyed chose the insidious answer “I haven’t decided yet, but I’m unlikely to train old ones,” and two-thirds look to the future with hope and expect employees to adapt to new professions in the process of changing jobs. The authors of the report succinctly summarize the line: “The one who most needs re-profiling and advanced training,least likely to receive such training."
Meanwhile, unmanned airplanes in garages are waiting for their applications, remote monitoring of the patient's condition - a chip in the latter's hand, which means that pilots and orderlies are already on the list for deductions, and developers are on their way to the list of top professions.
A survey of companies with a total of 15 million employees shows that by 2022 at least 54% of employees in all regions will have to either change or improve their skills, 0.8 million jobs will be abolished, and 1.74 million new ones will appear. …
As you can see, the increased demand for new professions compensates for the decrease in demand for those that are no longer needed. But it is important to note: new ones. Almost all employers surveyed said that by 2022, the skill set needed to complete most work tasks will change dramatically. That is why among the skills that will make the eyes of an employer shine is the ability to think flexibly and learn. And throughout life: 90% of companies believe that the main marker of success is not even the retention of highly skilled workers, but their ever-growing efficiency. Never before has a person been such an important investment, which means that someone who does not know how to learn and grow will be left on the sidelines.
You are in the black if you
smart techie
If you are a smart techie in Russia, this time you are in luck: our business, as well as the rest of the world, is looking at big data analytics (93% of companies), implementation of applications and web markets (81%), machine learning (80%), IoT and cloud technologies (72%) and augmented / virtual reality (64%). So app and software developers, e-commerce and social media professionals will soon be doing especially well.
Their company will also include carriers of new and still exotic professions: specialists in mechanical engineering, artificial intelligence, big data and biotechnology, experts in automation, information security analysts and user experience. Robotics and blockchain programmers will also be in chocolate.
inventor and empath
In addition to friendship with new technologies, ideal workers of the future would be good at making friends with people: owners of excellent communication skills, who are able to persuade and negotiate, establish and maintain contacts, will be in demand. That is, customer service workers, salespeople, and marketers like the young wolf of Wall Street, cultural people, and organizational specialists do not have to edit their resumes for now.
If at the same time you are also creative, creative and proactive, know how to comprehensively solve problems and think critically, then you will be torn away with your hands. Demand for people with social influence, emotional intelligence, and leadership is projected to skyrocket.
freelancer
Automation will lead to serious reductions in full-time employees, as 50% of surveyed employers are confident, and therefore the latter are increasingly turning their eyes to nomadic specialists. In Russia, 74% of companies intend to hire temporary technology-savvy employees, 62% will outsource some of their business tasks to external contractors, and 59% plan to work with freelancers. Many companies stipulate that flexible recruitment policies, decentralized operations and remote workforce management are their must-haves.
Skills that will be in demand in the near future:
- Creativity, originality and initiative
- Analytical and innovative thinking
- Strategic learning and learning skills
- Technological design and programming
- Critical thinking
- Emotional intellect
- Complex problem solving
- Leadership and social impact
- Problem solving, idea analysis and systems evaluation
Professions that will be in demand in the near future in Russia:
- Managers and managers
- Software and application developers and analysts
- Sales and Marketing Specialists
- General and operational managers
- Data analysts and scientists
- People specialists
- Factory workers
- HR specialists
- Financial and investment advisors
- Risk Management Specialists
