Dan Brown.
There is, my friend Horatio, in the world, which our sages never dreamed of!
Part I
A king is a difficult profession in itself. And if you take into account only the domestic autocrats, strangled by their own guards and blown up by all sorts of frostbitten Kaliayevs, then also ungrateful!
But, despite the "complexity and tension", many, if not all, dreamed of becoming a king, and therefore they climbed onto the throne by hook or by crook. That is why rogues-impostors appeared in the bosom of history with an enviable constancy of all stripes - a whole brood of False Dmitrys, pseudo-Peter the Second and pseudo-Peter the Third, the Tarakanov princesses and an uncountable number of falsified princes and grand dukes.
Perhaps only one Russian monarch managed to avoid not only "imposture", but even his attempts. It is unlikely that there would be an adventurer who dared to parody this outstanding personality - we are talking, of course, about Peter the Great.
Promotional video:
By the iron will of Peter, Russia transformed & hellip;
He did a lot for one person. In fact, single-handedly, he destroyed the whole state (the Kingdom of Moscow), its organs of power (the boyar duma), its armed forces (streltsov), his very way of life, traditions and worldview. But, most importantly, Peter turned the geopolitical vector of the country's development 180 degrees. The God-destined expansion to the East for Russia, promising fabulous profits, was abandoned for the sake of a painful protracted war for a barren piece of the Baltic coast.
The rejection of the boundless as the Pacific Ocean prospects in Asia and even in America in favor of a gloomy, skerry puddle was finally formalized by the foundation of St. Petersburg. History knows a lot of examples - from the Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten to the Kazakh president Nazarbayev - when a reformer ruler (or, much more often, a tyrant) moved the capital to a new place, where not just a new city, but a new administrative the political center of the state, but even in this series, the act of Peter has no analogues. The absolutely illogical transfer of the capital to the outskirts of the country, moreover, the outskirts, the most uninhabited and just reclaimed from the Swedes, caused bewilderment even among his most ardent associates. Using allegories and comparing the Empire to the human body, the location of the new capital was figuratively described as follows:"… as if his heart were under the nail of the index finger."
Already at the time of the laying, Petersburg had not a single plus: neither as a city, nor as a fortress, nor as a port. Its military-strategic position was simply suicidal - the border with Sweden was at a distance of one day's crossing of the enemy army (in 1788, during another "aggravation of the international situation", Gustav III would almost take advantage of this, and many years later the situation would repeat itself and become the cause of the Soviet -Finnish War). The importance of St. Petersburg as a base for the navy was also negligible - firstly, the water area freezes in winter, and, secondly, it is not difficult to lock the fleet in the Gulf of Finland (already at the time of Peter the Great, the Swedes did it; the British successfully carried out the Crimean War; in World War I and World War II - the Germans;as a result, the Baltic heroes sat out on the galleys and the only "outstanding" act in the history of the Baltic Fleet was their participation in the October coup). The harbor has another unpleasant quality - the high desalination of the water, due to which the wood in it decays catastrophically quickly (now, perhaps, this circumstance does not really matter, but in the time of Peter, when the entire fleet was wooden, it caused more damage than enemy cores). An unfortunate location on a patch, sandwiched among the sea, lakes and swamps, gives a potential enemy the opportunity to blockade the city not only from the sea, but also from land (which, again, was more than clearly demonstrated by the Germans during the Great Patriotic War). And, here, "threatening the Swede" or anyone else from here is very inconvenient:within a radius of forty kilometers from St. Petersburg, there are simply no conditions for the concentration and deployment of any large army formations. And, finally, as the notorious "window to Europe" Petersburg did not function at all - they had not yet managed to hammer the first pile, when Russian troops recaptured Riga from the Swedes and all trade with the West went through the Baltic states (even today the main commodity flow goes by sea to Klaipeda, and further - by rail; it turns out that it is easier and cheaper for merchants to push cargo through three customs than to unload in St. Petersburg). Yes, and how simply a settlement is not worth it: living on everything imported, unable to feed himself either by agriculture or by fishing; with a lousy climate. “A city not meant for life” - according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …not intended for life "- according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …not intended for life "- according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …as the notorious "window to Europe" Petersburg did not function at all - they had not yet managed to hammer the first pile, when Russian troops recaptured Riga from the Swedes and all trade with the West went through the Baltic states (even today, the main commodity flow goes by sea to Klaipeda, and then - by rail road; it turns out that it is easier and cheaper for merchants to push cargo through three customs than to unload in St. Petersburg). Yes, and how simply a settlement is not worth it: living on everything imported, unable to feed himself either by agriculture or by fishing; with a lousy climate. “A city not intended for life” - according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …as the notorious "window to Europe" Petersburg did not function at all - they had not yet managed to hammer the first pile, when Russian troops recaptured Riga from the Swedes and all trade with the West went through the Baltic states (even today the main commodity flow goes by sea to Klaipeda, and then - by rail road; it turns out that it is easier and cheaper for merchants to push cargo through three customs than to unload in St. Petersburg). Yes, and how simply a settlement is not worth it: living on everything imported, unable to feed himself either by agriculture or by fishing; with a lousy climate. “A city not intended for life” - according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …and then - by rail; it turns out that it is easier and cheaper for merchants to push cargo through three customs than to unload in St. Petersburg). Yes, and how simply a settlement is not worth it: living on everything imported, unable to feed himself either by agriculture or by fishing; with a lousy climate. “A city not intended for life” - according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …and then - by rail; it turns out that it is easier and cheaper for merchants to push cargo through three customs than to unload in St. Petersburg). Yes, and how simply a settlement is not worth it: living on everything imported, unable to feed himself either by agriculture or by fishing; with a lousy climate. “A city not intended for life” - according to the tagged description of Tatiana Tolstoy …
In short, not a single logically justified motive in the foundation of St. Petersburg can be found for the simple reason that there are none!
But Peter was too grandiose a person to found a new capital based on purely everyday premises. Maybe something more global moved him? Let's put aside the guide to the Leningrad Region for a while and take a map of Eurasia - the oddities will become visible immediately.
Peter, despite all the above-mentioned ugliness, really has many sincere fans. They can spend hours enthusiastically talking about it, listing hundreds of sights and pouring gigabytes of historical information. You can confuse them with one elementary question from the school geography course. Ask if they know the geographic coordinates of their favorite city? And in the vast majority of cases, the answer will be silence, despite the fact that it is more than easy to remember them: 60 ° N and 30 ° E. Aren't the numbers too round and didn't Peter specifically fight for this place ?!
Peter's House - the first building in St. Petersburg was erected in a place with coordinates 59 ° 57'12 "north latitude and 30 ° 19'51" east longitude.
Oh, what a wonderful coincidence, what a wonderful coincidence! - skeptical opponents will exclaim. And I will have no choice but to agree - of course, this is a coincidence and nothing more, because we are calculating the current coordinates from Greenwich. The coincidence is all the more fantastic because St. Petersburg was founded in 1703, and the Greenwich meridian was "put into operation" as a zero in 1884.
The "roundness" of the figures by itself, perhaps, would not mean anything if not for the other "accidents" accompanying them. So, all the Scandinavian capitals are located at 60th latitude! The capital of Finland, Helsinki, and the capital of Norway, Oslo, lie practically on the same straight line with St. Petersburg. Only the current capital of Sweden, Stockholm, falls out of the pattern, but it received capital status by historical standards quite recently, in 1523, but the old, Viking era, the capital of the country Uppsala is also located on this line! Moreover, in this city there is a cathedral, which to this day is the largest church building in all of Scandinavia. And as a place of religious rituals Uppsala is mentioned long before the arrival of Christianity in the local lands - there was a sanctuary of the pagan patron of Sweden,the god of abundance and prosperity Fry (this is in his honor in English-speaking countries and to this day the fifth day of the week is called Friday - Fry's day) and the sacred grove of the supreme deity of the Vikings Odin (she was a rather disgusting sight, since all the trees, in memory of Odin's self-crucifixion on the World tree, were "decorated" with hanged captives). Oslo was also a large pagan cult center, which is reflected in its very name, which comes from the phrase "God's Field".which is reflected in its very name, which comes from the phrase "God's Field".which is reflected in its very name, which comes from the phrase "God's Field".
St. Petersburg and the capitals of the Scandinavian countries.
All these cities have one more thing in common: their real history is much longer than the official one. So, by the time of its first mention in the chronicles in the 11th century, Uppsala had been the seat of Swedish kings for several centuries. The official date of the founding of Helsinki is 1550, when the Swedish king Gustav Vasa issued a decree on the construction of a city at the mouth of the Vantanjoki River, however, tourists are still shown two medieval stone churches, erected a century earlier than the city was founded (it is logical to assume that even earlier, the same churches could be wooden for some time). Oslo was founded in 1048, when a small commercial port appeared in the Oslo Fjord, however, a marketplace with shops, warehouses, hangars for boats has existed in this place since the Iron Age, and the first people settled here.at the crossroads of three glacial valleys, in general, 12,000 years ago, back in the Ice Age.
And the last regularity, which is of the greatest importance for our research. These cities are separated by approximately the same distance equal in radial measures to a step of 7 degrees in latitude. Judge for yourself: Oslo - 10 ° 45 'east longitude; Uppsala - 17 ° 39 'east longitude; Helsinki - 24 ° 56 'east longitude; St. Petersburg - 30 ° 19 'east longitude
However, the 60th parallel does not end on the mainland. To the west of Scandinavia, it crosses a small archipelago - the British-owned Orkney and Shetland Islands. Plots of land sticking out of the water 11,000-12,000 years ago were the tops of a mountain range now resting at the bottom of the North Sea. Today this region of the United Kingdom is characterized by two indicators: the UK's lowest population density and the world's highest density of megalithic objects. The Neolithic city of Skara Brae, the stone rings (hendzhi) of Brodgar and Stenness, the artificial, astronomically oriented mound of Maeshaw are considered by experts to be more ancient structures than the famous Stonehenge. And how many similar objects the sea took away from us, we will probably never know.
Even such a brief overview, I think, will be enough to conclude that, despite the unfavorable climatic conditions, the region of 60th latitude has been populated quite densely since the Ice Age. Yes, and Peter is not without sin in this regard!
Although the official version claims that Peter I founded the city from scratch, the archeology of St. Petersburg and its environs surprises with unexpected diversity. The oldest artifacts date back to the Mesolithic era and date back to the VIII-VII millennia BC.
The history of the shopping center conventionally named by archaeologists "Spassko-Gorodensky Pogost" dates back to the gray Doryurik times. Treasures of Arab (!) Coins were found in the Nevye region, dating back to the time of the active functioning of the “Way from the Varangians to the Greeks”. The first of them (silver Sassanid coins of the 7th-8th centuries) was discovered back in 1797 during the construction of the Galley Harbor; in 1804, a serf peasant dug up on one of the islands, as much, 7 poods of silver coins; and in 1941 a similar treasure (86 Kufic and Sassanid coins) was found near Petrodvorets.
In the XV-XVII centuries. the entire right bank of the Neva and a part of the left bank were part of the Gorodensky churchyard. In the area of the present Smolny Cathedral there was the center of the churchyard - the village of Spasskoye. On the site of the former building of Petrozavod, near the lower reaches of the Okhta, there was also the Russian trading settlement Nevsky Gorodok. Information about him is fragmentary, but it was Nevsky Gorodok that gave rise to the international Nyen.
By the end of the 17th century, on the territory of modern St. Petersburg, on the site of Gorodenskoye and neighboring medieval graveyards, there was a free trade city of Nyen, the Swedish fortress of Nyenskans and other settlements: Mikutala, Kaljula, Sutala, Romanova. A sad fate awaited them: in 1703 the Russians would knock the Swedes out of here and wipe these settlements off the face of the earth, dismantling to the last log of building materials for the new capital.
As we have seen, life here has been in full swing since the Mesolithic times, and if you scrape a little better, you will find a pagan temple in these places. The first was described by M. D. Chulkov in "The Abeveg of Russian Superstitions" and M. I. Pylyaev in "Old Petersburg". It was located 10 versts from St. Petersburg along the Riga road and was a sacred grove. Its center was an ancient huge linden tree, so intertwined with branches with the crowns of neighboring trees that a gazebo of natural origin was formed. Local residents came to the sacred grove on Ivan-Kupala and spent the whole night "crying, singing and dancing." At the end of the vigil, a white rooster was sacrificed and incantations were pronounced. In the 16th century, the Archbishop of Novgorod Makarii equipped a special punitive expedition that destroyed the "nasty idols' prayer place"but the grove was not cut down and subsequently Peter himself loved to rest under the legendary linden tree.
I did not find any documentary evidence of the existence of another temple - much more sinister - but, nevertheless, the "oral tradition" elevated this urban legend to the rank of absolute truth. According to it, in the winter of 1923, during earthworks in the area of the Obvodny Canal, workers deep underground stumbled upon a certain stone structure - granite slabs arranged in a circle. Their surface was mottled with incomprehensible inscriptions and signs, and human bones were found under the central slab. The find, allegedly, was examined by an archaeologist, but, apparently, he did not see anything worthy of attention, and therefore the found slabs were sawn into curbs for pavements. With human remains, they did it even easier: they took them to the landfill. Information about this sanctuary was unexpectedly found in Swedish chronicles. According to them, in 1300, Marshal Torkel,having founded the fortress Landskronu at the mouth of the Okhta River, he decided to "clean up" the banks of the Keme (Fontanka) and Sutilla (Volkovka) rivers from unreliable natives. There, on the banks of Sutilla, the Swedes stumbled upon a temple where idolatrous Karelians organized sabbaths, sacrificing animals and their own babies to their gods. It goes without saying that such a state of affairs could not be ignored, the sanctuary was destroyed and it remained forgotten for 623 years. And after it was reopened in 1923, the Obvodny Canal turned into a crime zone and a favorite place for St. Petersburg suicides - this is no longer folklore, but police statistics.sacrificing animals and their own babies to their gods. It goes without saying that this state of affairs could not be ignored, the sanctuary was destroyed and it remained forgotten for 623 years. And after it was reopened in 1923, the Obvodny Canal turned into a crime zone and a favorite place for Petersburg suicides - this is no longer folklore, but police statistics.sacrificing animals and their own babies to their gods. It goes without saying that this state of affairs could not be ignored, the sanctuary was destroyed and it remained forgotten for 623 years. And after it was reopened in 1923, the Obvodny Canal turned into a crime zone and a favorite place for Petersburg suicides - this is no longer folklore, but police statistics.
Regarding the presence of a pagan sanctuary in the St. Petersburg region, I would also venture to express my own version. The numerous islands and islets formed by the Neva at its mouth, the Finns collectively called Tamminem (Oak) because of the centuries-old oaks that grew here in abundance. Already in Peter's time, the age of many of them was determined to be 500 years or more. At the same time, the oak is an atypical plant for this area and nowhere in this region, except for the islands, it is no longer found (for the construction of the fleet, the ship's timber had to be transported, already, from Kazan). Hence, it is highly likely that he did not appear on the islands naturally, but was bred artificially. And, given that in most pagan traditions the oak was a sacred tree, it can be assumed that here, at the confluence of the Neva River with the Baltic Sea, it was cultivated for ritual purposes. I hope many have learned a picture familiar from childhood: "Near the curvaceous sea, a green oak, a golden chain on a tom oak" … But we delved into a historical and archaeological excursion and distracted ourselves from traveling to 60 degrees north latitude.
So, we found out that to the west of St. Petersburg, practically on the same line, lie the capitals of the Scandinavian countries, founded on the site of the once large cult centers, leading their history at least from the Iron Age and located at a distance of 7 degrees from each other latitude. The movement to the east along the 60th parallel, unfortunately, will not lead to the identification of such obvious patterns. At this latitude, the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery is located, on the other side of the continent is the notorious Magadan, and on the other side of the Pacific Ocean, in the territory of present-day Canada, there was once a miraculous, but, nevertheless, very important geographical object. 12,000 years ago, there was the North Geographical Pole of the Earth (it was at this time that the first people on the opposite edge of the planet entered the glacial valley,which is destined to become the Oslo Fjord). Another miracle: a Tunguska meteorite (or what is considered a meteorite) fell to a point with coordinates 60 ° 53 'north latitude and 101 ° 53' east longitude. Whether it is useful to us or not - I don’t know, I don’t see any obvious connections with the above, but the fact remains.
Part II
Let's look now for "coincidences" and "coincidences" associated with 30 ° east longitude. To the north of St. Petersburg, in the polar tundra, if there is something of interest to us, it has not yet been discovered due to the uninhabitedness of these places. I emphasize that it is not openly, and not absent, because, despite the inaccessibility, these lands lived a pre-active mystical life: the Aryan legends place the sunken continent Arctida here; the myths of the ancient Greeks located beyond the Arctic Circle the homeland of their god Apollo, the ever-flowering Hyperborea; the Celts kept memories of the Isles of the Blessed, far to the north; even the Indians passed on from generation to generation legends about the northern Island of Light (Shvetadvipa), washed by the Milky (Arctic) Ocean (did not the Milky River-jelly banks of Russian folk tales flow into it?).
Russian folklore is mentioned here not for the sake of a catchphrase: its sacred geography places in this region the Buyan Island, and the possessions of Koshchei the Immortal, and the Sunflower Kingdom. The name of the latter does not come from the famous plant with tasty seeds, but because it is located "under the sun". But, here, the Karelian-Finnish epic "Kalevala", on the contrary, claims that here lies the Land of Darkness - Sariola, she Pohjola. In principle, there is no contradiction: the Russians simply reflected the polar day, and the Karelians focused on the description of the polar night - which is closer to whom!
The tradition has not been interrupted in the times that are historically closer to us. Russian Old Believers believed that the legendary Belorechye was located here; German mystics of the early twentieth century, and then the gallant guys from the Gimmer Occult Institute "Ahnenerbe" were looking for traces of the Thule state in these parts; Yes, and ours (Admiral Chichagov, Baron Toll, Admiral Kolchak, Academician Obruchev) did not lag behind - remember the magnificent film "Sannikov Land"? - and she, Sannikov Land, is also here somewhere … Although, who knows, if the same geographical object is hidden under these names ?!
Gerardus Mercator's map depicts an entire continent in the North Pole area.
Indeed, there are few places suitable for tourist excursions beyond the Arctic Circle, but there are still attractions. One of them is the Kola superdeep well, entered in the Guinness Book of Records as the deepest well in the world. Its depth is 12262 meters, and the coordinates are 69 ° 25 'north latitude and 30 ° 44' east longitude.
But moving south, we, on the contrary, will find ourselves in a tourist paradise; speaking closer to our topic, to another "large cult center, leading its history at least from the Iron Age." This center is well known to everyone, and many people even have photographs against its background in their family albums. This is the Land of the Pyramids, Egypt! Yes, the historical center of St. Petersburg and the Giza plateau, on which the most "untwisted" pyramids - Khephren, Cheops and Mikerin - are located, are located on the same meridian: the 30th degree of east longitude is just the mental border of this plateau. Maybe this is why the sphinxes and lions, uprooted in Egypt, unexpectedly organically blended into the consumptive St. Petersburg climate.
St. Petersburg and El-Giza are located on the same meridian.
The pyramids are, in general, in the "magic" place of the Greenwich degree grid: 30 ° north latitude and 30 ° east longitude (another interesting "coincidence" that has no rational explanation). And according to the logic of our little research, we simply cannot find anything interesting at the latitude of the Pyramids! The 30th parallel is a parallel of the first civilizations of the foreseeable history: Egypt, Sumer, Akkad, Chaldea, Lagash, Elam, Babylonia, Assyria, Media, Persia, Anshan, Karmania, Drangiana, Areya, Gedrosia, Harappa, Ariavarta, Tibet … Accordingly, "Coincidences" along the 30th degree north latitude are found at every step: in Egypt, in addition to the pyramids, this is its capital during the Hyksos domination of Avaris; in Jordan - the city of Petra, carved entirely into the rock; in Iraq - Biblical Ur; in Iran - the ruins of two cities at once,which were at different times the capitals of Persia: Persepolis and Pasargadae; in Pakistan, traces of the Dravidian civilization of Harappa; in India - the remnants of the Aryan state of Ariavart; in China - the capital of Tibet Lhasa … In a word, with all the stops! By the way, on the other side of the Atlantic, the 30th parallel passes through the Bermuda Triangle …
The 30th parallel is the parallel of the first civilizations.
But we digress again … Note that if the distance between St. Petersburg and Giza is measured not in linear measures, but in degrees, it turns out that they are separated by exactly 30 ° latitude (another "round" "accident" … and they have no numbers!) …
At a third of this distance, if you count from St. Petersburg, is the capital of Ancient Rus, and now independent Ukraine - Kiev (50 ° 25 'north latitude and 30 ° 30' east longitude). The antiquity of this city is beyond doubt. The first stationary dwellings made of mammoth bones were erected on the banks of the Dnieper even when these cute little animals were just as ordinary inhabitants of the Dnieper region as cats or dogs are now. Evidence of the numerous sites of mammoth hunters, five of which were found right inside the modern city limits of Kiev.
The "History of the Russian State" quotes Herodotus's message about the Scythian royal cemetery, located on the left bank of the Dnieper, 14 days' journey from its mouth. Karamzin in this place makes the assumption that, apparently, it was in the area of Kiev. The description of the burial place itself by Herodotus is reduced to the characteristic: "… sacred to the people and inaccessible to enemies." Despite its brevity, this phrase carries much more information than it seems at first glance. Firstly, any funeral rite implies some kind of funeral and memorial religious rituals (especially if the “august person” is buried) - this in itself gives the cemetery the status of a “sacred” place. Since the cemetery is stationary, it means that it requires the constant presence of "assigned to it" clergy. They, in turn, need a roof over their headsreligious and auxiliary buildings, in a word, the entire infrastructure of the monastery type. Well, since the rare burial of a prominent person is not accompanied by tales of untold riches, supposedly buried with him, then there is a guard in case of a night visit by marauding grave diggers.
Apparently, the guard at the royal cemetery was no joke - otherwise, it is unlikely that Herodotus would have called this place inaccessible to enemies. It can be assumed that there was even some kind of fortification, which later entered as an element in the system of the Serpent Ramparts. We will not delve further into the interpretations of Herodotus - the above is quite enough to suggest the existence of Kiev on the site or in the immediate vicinity of a settlement long before Kyi.
It is quite possible that even before Kiy there was a kind of quasi-state formation in these parts. Such a bold conclusion can be drawn based, at least, on the amount of work that had to be done by the now unknown builders during the construction of the Serpent Ramparts - giant fortifications stretching along the banks of the Dnieper tributaries for more than 1000 kilometers.
The serpent's shafts were used even during the Great Patriotic War, simply "embedding" bunkers in the defensive structures created in the Early Iron Age!
Most likely, at this time Kiev also became a major cult center. On the site of the Tithe Church there was a pagan sanctuary. It was its presence that contributed to the fact that the village, which had stuck to the ferry crossing (according to legend, Kiy was a ferryman), and grew into the capital of the Russian state. The future Baptist of Russia, during the period of spiritual searches, erected an idol in Kiev, in general, to all known gods, of whom there were no less in the Slavic pantheon than in the ancient Greek. This made Kiev the largest pagan religious center in Eastern Europe. True, not for long, since eight years later, by order of the already baptized Vladimir, the idols will be thrown into the Dnieper, and the sanctuary will be destroyed. The spiritual significance of the “Mother of Russian Cities” did not diminish after the adoption of Christianity. The first Orthodox monastery in Russia, the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, was founded here in 1051. Its coordinates are 50 ° 27'06 "north latitude and 30 ° 31'00" east longitude.
One gets the impression that the points of intersection of the 30th meridian with “round”, multiples of 10, latitudes were simply designated in nature by the basis of spiritual and political centers in them. The pattern would be proven if it was possible to find a similar object at a node with coordinates 40 ° north latitude and 30 ° east longitude.
Today, a provincial Turkish town Izmit, at a superficial glance, is not outstanding at all, huddled at this point. However, digging into his more than glorious past, it turns out that he, too, once shone and was the capital of now defunct empires! The first reliable mention of it dates back to the 8th century BC - then it was called Astakos. Very soon it grew into the richest Greek colony of Asia Minor and was renamed Olbia (which translates as "Happy"). Olbia was destroyed, however, the strategically advantageous place was not empty for a long time: the king of Bithynia, Nicomedes I, rebuilt the city and named it Nicomedia in his honor. After the conquest of Bithynia by the Romans, Emperor Diocletian made Nicomedia the capital of the eastern part of the Roman Empire, and it remained in this status until then,until Constantine the Great endowed Constantinople with the functions of the capital.
Here, almost nearby, on the territory of modern Turkey, at the 40th latitude, the ruins of Troy are found (or, at least, what, at the suggestion of Schliemann, hospitable Turkish guides snatch gullible tourists like Troy) and the ruins of the city of Hattushash (Hattusa), the former once the capital of the Hittite Kingdom.
Troy and Hattusa are located exactly on the 40th parallel.
With a deviation within 1 ° from the 40th parallel, the capitals of Phrygia - Gordion and the Right-Bank Khorezm - Koi-Krylgan-Kala were located at one time (although, the last two names are conditional - this is how archaeologists agree to call a civilization, the real name of which has not reached to the present day).
At the 40th latitude, in the Takla-Makan desert, there was another extinct civilization - Tokharistan. It was found by chance, as a result of sand crumbling, exposing the mummies of red-haired Caucasians - Tochars, who lived in the territory of modern North China before the arrival of the Mongoloid peoples. The discovery threatened to become a sensation, however, fearing a revision of history and, therefore, the postulate of China's self-sufficiency, actively cultivated by the official Chinese propaganda, the Beijing authorities banned the excavation; and for greater loyalty, they decided to start an economically unprofitable road across the desert, so that under the guise of construction they finally ditch the priceless, but ideologically unstable finds!
Of the modern capitals at this latitude, there are Ankara (born in Ansira), Yerevan (born under the name Erebuni) and Beijing (also born under a different name - Tzu). In the Western Hemisphere, at the 40th parallel, is New York, which, although it cannot boast of a thousand-year antiquity, suggests its coordinates: 40 ° north latitude and 74 ° west longitude (and, taking into account the population of the founding fathers of the United States to Masons, these thoughts do not seem groundless). The "New York" meridian is also notable for the fact that in the southern hemisphere it crosses the Peruvian Nazca desert, famous for its gigantic drawings of obscure origin and even less clear purpose.
By the way, the geographic coordinates of the infamous Twin Towers of the World Trade Center are 40 ° 42'42”N and 74 ° 00'49” W. And at the opposite end of the globe, at the same parallel, there is another "cursed" place with coordinates 40 ° 45'00 "north latitude and 14 ° 29'10" east longitude - this is Pompeii.
It would seem that what can unite the World Trade Center and Pompeii & hellip;
At a remarkable point with coordinates 40 ° north latitude and 100 ° east longitude, in the Gobi Desert, in the Chinese province of Gansu, there is the Chinese cosmodrome Shuangshengzi. Not far from it begins and stretches for a gigantic (6350 kilometers, which is 20 ° in longitude), right up to the Liaodong Bay itself, the Great Wall of China.
The Great Wall of China is the only creation of human hands visible from space (thanks, Google-map!).
To say that its geodetic motivation dominates over the fortification, of course, is impossible, but the gravitation towards the 40th latitude is clearly visible (especially, in its eastern part, in the region of "historical" China). And at the point of intersection of the 40th parallel with the 116th meridian are the tombs of the Ming emperors - Chang Ling and Ding Ling. They are notable for being built in full accordance with the rules of Feng Shui. And if so, then, apparently, the very place for their construction was not chosen by chance.
But how can Feng Shui explain that it is along this parallel that the "sacred peaks" - Mount Olympus, Athos and Ararat - are lined up? In this regard, we will mention one more object - Cheyenne Mountain (40 ° north latitude and 110 ° west longitude) located in the state of Colorado. Cheyenne itself, part of the Rocky Mountain system, is unremarkable, but a bunker has been carved into its belly, where since 1966 the Center for the Joint Aerospace Defense Command of the North American continent NORAD has been located. Therefore, I do not even know whether the Cheyenne-NORAD complex can be attributed to the man-made or miraculous sights of the 40th parallel.
Brief interim summary: we have established the existence at the planetary level of patterns associated with the 30th eastern meridian. Its northern half is divided into three equal segments of 30 ° latitude. The first segment begins with the Equator (0 °) and ends with the latitude of the Pyramids (30 ° N). The second is limited by the latitude of the Pyramids (30 ° N) and the latitude of St. Petersburg (60 ° N). The third one starts from the latitude of St. Petersburg (60 ° N) and ends with the North Geographic Pole (90 °).
The Equator and Pole are not materially marked (or the designations that took place have been lost due to natural reasons), in contrast to the 30th and 60th northern latitudes, at which, at the points of their intersection with the 30th meridian, the Pyramids of Giza and St. -Petersburg (the second name is, in a certain sense, conditional, since the geodetic object we call "St. Petersburg" should have a much earlier origin). The chance of finding these objects in the named places is unlikely, since areas of historical activity have been identified at these latitudes: on the 30th parallel - the centers of the first civilizations; on the 60th - the capitals of the Scandinavian countries.
In addition, the part of the 30th meridian, limited by the 30th and 60th latitudes, has its own geodetic designation: 30th degree north latitude - Pyramids, 40th - Nicomedia / Olvia, 50th - Kiev, 60th - Petersburg. This suggests that the 30th meridian was conceived and designated as the basic one. And if so, then there was little left to do - to look for something else on it that could correspond to the topic of our research.
All the capitals of the country Ta-Kemet (Black Land), which we know under the pseudonym Egypt: Butoh, Memphis, Thebes, Avaris, Alexandria, Cairo, were located within the boundaries of this longitudinal strip. Not only all religious buildings of the times of the pharaohs gravitate towards it, but also much later ones, such as, for example, the first Christian monastery - Pafnutyevsky. On the opposite shore of the Mediterranean Sea, on the territory of modern Turkey, on the 30th meridian, there is the city of Myra of Lycia, consecrated in the name of one of the most revered Christian saints, Nicholas the Wonderworker.
Rock necropolis in Lycian Myra.
And it so happened that far to the north, exactly at the same longitude, is the Naval St. Nicholas Cathedral, the main temple of the Russian Navy, dedicated to this saint.
Naval Nikolsky Cathedral.
On the shores of the Black Sea, there is a city that has never been a capital, but has earned the national title "mother" and therefore cannot but be mentioned - this is Odessa. The cheerful Odessa has a gloomy antipode in the north - the informal capital of Russia during the time of Emperor Pavel Gatchin.
But Novgorod the Great was the capital of the ancient Russian state from time immemorial (when it was still called Slovenian). Here, and not in Kiev, the founder of the Rurik dynasty arrived with his brothers: "Rurik Sede is in Novgorod, and the other is Sineus, on Lake Bela, and the third is Izborst, Truvor." And, although the historicity of the last two characters raises doubts among modern historians, the aborigines, without batting an eye, will point out to the curious their graves: Truvorov mound in Izborsk, and Sineus mound - on the White Lake. Rurik's grave, Shum-mountain, which is part of the Oredezh hills complex, will be shown with the same confidence. Well, and, to the heap: Rurik's brother-in-law Odda, to whom he entrusted the rule of Russia and the regency over his young son Igor, was also buried not far, just north of Ladoga, in the Sopka tract. Thanks to Alexander Sergeevich, this historical figure is known to us as Prophetic Oleg.
Was it not this tradition of repose that Peter tried to continue, founding a new tomb of the Romanovs in the Peter and Paul Cathedral of the eponymous fortress (59 ° 57'01 "north latitude and 30 ° 19'00" east)? And collectively, the pantheon of Scythian, Slavic, Varangian and Russian rulers can easily compete with the necropolises of the Egyptian pharaohs. Maybe the truth was motivated by the same driving force when choosing a place for their last refuge? Then, it is possible that Babi Yar near Kiev (50 ° 28'17 "north latitude; 30 ° 26'58" east longitude) was chosen not arbitrarily, but at the direction of the same occult specialists as the place of mass executions. from "Ahnenerbe", who could view these shootings not as a simple murder, but as a ritual hecatomb! Yes, and Hitler's headquarters "Werewolf" (49 ° 14 'north latitude;28 ° 29 'East) for a reason, probably, they began to build nearby.
In addition to the above: Trifonov-Pechenegsky Monastery on the Kola Peninsula is the northernmost Orthodox monastery. Valaam Island is a traditional cult center of all religions that have passed through it, and now the stronghold of Orthodoxy. The town of Radul (the birthplace of the epic Dobrynya Nikitich) near Chernigov is famous for caves used in ancient times by an unknown cult as underground temples, and an unusual iconographic school. Snake Island at the mouth of the Danube is the supposed homeland of the hero of the Trojan War, Achilles, on which there was a temple dedicated to him …
We paid so much attention to 30 ° east longitude, insofar as no such clear patterns were found on other meridians. No other meridional line has such a richness with objects of spiritual and historical heritage! Why is that?
The 30th meridian has a striking feature - it has the largest land extent. In other words, of all 360 meridians, the 30th eastern one has the longest dry land. This is a superficial "natural science" explanation, but if you dig deeper … First, a digression from the main topic. We know no more about the structure of our own planet than about the structure of neighboring galaxies. Science only knows for sure that the Earth has a crust. This fact does not raise any doubts for the simple reason that the earth's crust is what we walk on. It is an equally indisputable fact that the earth's crust is heterogeneous. Violation of its uniformity is called a fault or lineament. So, lineament is the border of a sharp change in the parameters of the geographic environment, geological structure, geophysical fields. In fault zones, the crust is highly permeable to all types of radiation emitted from the planet's core and perinuclear layers. Their influence on living organisms has not been studied, but is not denied. So, here, the largest lineament is called Nile-Lapland and exactly coincides with the 30th eastern meridian!
Nile-Lapland transcontinental lineament.
The conversation about lineaments is still ahead, but for now we will continue to collect "coincidences and coincidences".
Part III
On the 30th meridian, not far from Kiev, there was an object that even I at first attributed to accidents - the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The geographic coordinates of the infamous Unit 4 are 51 ° 23'23 ” N and 30 ° 06'00 ” East. Impressive, of course, but how does this relate to our theme? It turned out - directly and directly!
The 51st parallel is the latitude of another well-known cult center - Stonehenge (51 ° 10'41 "N; 01 ° 49'20" W).
Stonehenge, like the Pyramids, needs no introduction.
I would call Stonehenge a vaccine against human conceit. Judge for yourself: in the middle of the most densely populated region of the most civilized country in the most civilized part of the world there is an object about which nobody knows who built it, when it was built, or why it was built - yes, nothing at all! Hypotheses about its origin and purpose read like a collection of anecdotes. What did the "best minds" not dream up, poring over the mystery of its creation: the giants built it, the Atlanteans, and Merlin, and aliens … The same picture with functions. Any ruin, the purpose of which is not clear, the official history from the summer molds the diagnosis - burial. So it was with Stonehenge. And when no bones were found during excavations, without batting an eye, the scientists used a fallback - well, then a pagan sanctuary. And the fact that Stonehenge is, above all,a near-horizon observatory was discerned only at the end of the II millennium AD. And who, tell me, after this are savages and barbarians - ancient builders and astronomers, or we, their degraded descendants, unable to understand the ingenious designs of our ancestors?
From Chernobyl to Stonehenge (wow! What a "coincidence"!) 30 ° longitude west. The same 30 ° longitude, but to the east of Chernobyl, will lead us to the Southern Urals, where the less famous, but more ancient and perfect cult center of the Early Iron Age is located - the Aryan city-temple-observatory Arkaim. Its coordinates are 52 ° 38'54 "north latitude and 59 ° 34'25" east longitude (the deviation is so insignificant that it can be neglected for objects located at different ends of the European continent).
Arkaim in the aerial photograph.
He's on the layout.
If Stonehenge is something out of the ordinary, then Arkaim is an exceptional phenomenon in its uniqueness. Stonehenge, in its best years, was, in principle, just a cult place and a near-horizon observatory, devoid of any utilitarian functions. Arkaim, in addition to being an open-air temple and a solar-lunar observatory, was also a settlement, a fortress, a metallurgical plant, and … a calendar. Astroarchaeologist K. K. Bystrushkin established that Arkaim was not only built in the form of a zodiac map of the starry sky, but also contained three calendars in the plan at once - solar, lunar and precession. If the first two calendars can somehow be pulled by the ears to the traditionalist explanation that, de, they were needed "to determine the timing of agricultural work", then the precessional calendar,designed for 25920 years (!) has no practical use not only within the life of one person, but also several generations. Isn't this the best evidence that the builders of Arkaim tried to draw our attention to something that is hidden (due to lack of intelligence) from our eyes so far?
The ideal proportions of Arkaim in a modern drawing.
It should be noted that Arkaim has analogues - these are more than two dozen sister cities like him, compactly located on an area of 400 by 150 kilometers, conventionally called the Country of Cities for this reason. 30 ° east of the Country of Cities, on the same 52nd parallel, in Altai, there is another cult complex - the Valley of the Kings. Its central object, the Arzhan mound, is an astronomically oriented necropolis of noble Aryan leaders (52 ° 03'17 "north latitude and 93 ° 37'10" east longitude). Rather, there are several burial mounds, they were erected according to a general plan and contain burials of at least 15 people (the figures are approximate, since local "businessmen" mined stone in the burial chamber and archaeologists got the priceless monument in a badly mutilated form). At their funeral, only horses were sacrificed 166 heads - this fact has nothing to do with our topic, but it very clearly demonstrates the level of material well-being of our "unwashed" ancestors.
And after the next 30 ° in longitude, our mind's eye will rest against another cyclopean structure - Genghis Khan's Val, stretching along the banks of the Argun River for more than 550 kilometers across the territories of modern Mongolia, Russia and China.
In the square, on the Russian-Mongolian border, there are the Arzhan mound, the Por-Bazhyn fortress and the Ukok plateau; the Mongolian section of Vala Genghis Khan is indicated by a dotted line.
All the listed objects have, despite the gigantic distances separating them even by modern concepts, there are more similarities than differences. First, as we have already noted, they lie practically at the same latitude. Secondly, they are separated from each other by approximately equal distance, corresponding to a step of 30 ° in the longitude of the Greenwich coordinate network. Thirdly, most of them have an astronomical orientation, and in ancient times they served as observatories of a high, even in terms of our time, accuracy class. Fourth, they are almost the same age: Arkaim was created around 2800 BC; the first stage of Stonehenge was laid around 2400 BC. (so that civilization spread, contrary to the deep-rooted delusion, not from “enlightened” Europe to “dense” Asia, but just the opposite); Arzhan - in 2500-2000. BC.; Yes,and the first stone at the base of the pyramid of Cheops was laid according to some sources in 2525 BC, according to others - in 2478.
Logic suggests that at the site of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant there should have been an ancient temple similar to the ones listed above - the step of 30 ° is too clearly maintained.
Not only do these objects have a step of 30 degrees, but also their location ideally coincides with the Greenwich coordinate system.
The role of such could easily be played by the Herodotov cemetery of the Scythian kings. The distance "14 days of travel" is a very loose concept and, it is likely that it was not located near Kiev, as Karamzin believed, but much higher. This assumption just fits perfectly into the general concept: in the center of Arkaim is the city of the living, and on either side of it are two cities of the dead - in the east is Arzhan, in the west is a Scythian cemetery. I don't know how to interpret this. Maybe Arkaim was conceived as the center of a certain empire, and burial mounds marked some of its borders? Maybe this was a different symbolism? Or encrypted information? Maybe all you need is to draw another 30 ° line and it will indicate the place where the world's greatest treasure is hidden?
If you accept my hypothesis about "Polesie Stonehenge" or "Chernobyl Arzhan" - as you like it - many things will fall into place. So, originally, a sanctuary was established in the “place of power”. Its proximity determined the development of the cultural and political center, which today is known to us as Kiev. All this together initiated first the process of unification of certain tribes, and then the creation of a state. This state entity turned out to be on the shoulder of tasks like the construction of cyclopean defensive structures, such as the thousand-kilometer Zmievy Shafts, designed to contain the violent neighbors from the Black Sea steppes.
But, alas, my guess will forever remain just an assumption: even if traces of a pagan sanctuary were once there, now they are irrevocably destroyed. Or maybe what happened to the nuclear power plant is the best proof of my version? Well, then rightly so - do not trash holy places henceforth!
Although, on the other hand, the Chernobyl disaster is an unpredictable emergency, no one deliberately planned it and it happened against our will. And it is quite another matter when a person deliberately crap in the middle of his home. An example, fortunately, can be found directly within the framework of our topic: Totsk polygon (52 ° 38 'north latitude; 52 ° 48' east longitude). Marshal Zhukov, who for some reason is called "the greatest commander of the 20th century", held here on September 14, 1954 military exercises under the funny name "Snowball". Their purpose was to practice breaking through the enemy's defenses using nuclear weapons. What could be easier for a Soviet person ?! They made an air nuclear explosion and went on the attack. In total, 45 thousand "attackers", 15 thousand "defenders", and, already, auxiliary personnel (all sorts of construction battalions, prisoners,civil specialists) - not measured, not counted. Everyone got a dose! In addition to the direct participants, they made the surrounding population a leader in the number of oncological diseases, infected thousands of hectares of blooming land, ditched the Samara River (and since the latter flows into the Volga, the Volga got it)! But, after all, at the same latitudes, a little to the east, the development of virgin and fallow lands was already in full swing (re-read, dear Leonid Ilyich - who to believe, if not his epic "Celina"?). This can only mean one thing - both the virgin soil enthusiasts and the first virgin crop also grabbed their share of radioisotopes. And then a monument was erected to the “marshal of victory” on Manezhnaya Square … Or, to put it another way, look at the same problem. Indeed, with an accuracy of a minute, the Totsk polygon is located at the latitude of Arkaim. Poke Georgy Konstantinich into the map 7 ° to the east and we would never know anything about Arkaim or the Land of Cities!
But back to the eternal! Let's try to figure out why the sacred centers are separated by exactly 30 degrees? There are two explanations for this "accident" today. Let's call them “earthly” and “heavenly”.
We will begin the "heavenly" hypothesis with a presentation of the basics of geometry. Latitude is a circle. 360º in a circle. We divide 360 by 30, it turns out 12. And what associations does the circle, divided into 12 parts, evoke? That's right - the watch face. And also - a horoscope, or rather, the Zodiac circle. The ancients checked their lives with the sky, with the stars (after all, it was not for nothing that all the named sanctuaries had an astronomical orientation, and Arkaim, in general, was built in the form of a zodiacal map of the starry sky) and it was logical for them to project the signs of the zodiac onto the earth. In modern astrology, this direction is called astrolocality. It was reinvented in the 19th century by the American astrologer A. R. Parson (or maybe he did not invent, but picked up a forgotten idea somewhere). But Parson's theory was already born "terminally ill" - absolutely groundlessly, he took the modern zero meridian of Greenwich as a starting point. Parson was corrected by the German astrologer Gerhard Ritter, who proposed a system in which the Zodiac "walks" across the Earth from east to west, and, moreover, the countdown should be conducted from 65 ° east longitude. Thus, 18 years before the discovery of Arkaim, Ritter theoretically calculated the presence of a sacral center in the region of the Ural meridian (so say after that that the horoscopes are lying)!Ritter theoretically calculated the presence of a sacral center in the region of the Ural meridian (so say after that that horoscopes are lying)!Ritter theoretically calculated the presence of a sacral center in the region of the Ural meridian (so say after that that horoscopes are lying)!
The second version has a completely earthly origin, or rather, underground. Above, we have already talked about faults in the earth's crust, scientifically called lineaments, and described one of them. As you might guess, besides the Nile-Lapland, there are a great many such faults. Some of them are oriented diagonally, at an angle to the equator. And the other part, which, in fact, interests us, is located perpendicular to the equator, that is, meridian. Are they apart from each other - are they ready for the next coincidence? - approximately 30 degrees in longitude: in the "zone of influence" of the Euro-African lineament passes the prime meridian (marked by Stonehenge); Nile-Lapland lineament - 30 ° east longitude (without comment, we examined it in more detail); Ural-Oman lineament - 60 ° east longitude (Arkaim and the Country of cities);the western border of the Siberian platform - 90 ° east longitude (Arzhan, Ukok, the center of Eurasia); the eastern border of the Siberian platform - 120 ° east longitude (Genghis Khan Val); Chaunsko-Olyutorsky lineament - 180 ° east longitude (border of the Eastern Hemisphere).
Schematic representation of lineament zones on the territory of our country (highlighted in bold straight lines).
Which version to give priority is a matter of personal preferences. For myself, I invented my own theory - syncretic, one that takes into account both previous ones. In my opinion, the absolute truth of which I do not pretend to be, the initial one was, after all, the connection of a person with the Mother-Raw Earth. Intuitively or with the help of some currently lost technologies, lineament zones were first identified as the most suitable for resettlement. They were designated, so to speak, on the ground by the foundation of sacred centers and "virtually" by the creation of a prototype of a geodetic network, the base step of which was equal to 30 °. And only then the terrestrial coordinate grid was projected onto the ecliptic line, with the corresponding division into 12 sectors, which we know today as the signs of the zodiac.
But, is it so important in what sequence all of the above happened? The main thing is completely different - this is what level of knowledge one had to possess in order to think of all this! After all, everything is covered - from the dizzying depths of the earth's interior to the equally dizzying stellar heights! Everything is thought out to the smallest detail, if only it is possible to use the word "trifles", describing an idea of a cosmic scale! And somehow it is not written with the image of the grimy, wrapped in a skin, savages, which depict our ancestors in history books …
Part IV
However, we smoothly approached the main inconsistency in our reasoning. So, since we are narrating about "the affairs of bygone days", about the beginning of the Iron Age, or even the end of the Mesolithic, is it correct to tie the patterns we have identified to the Greenwich coordinate system adopted, as mentioned above, in 1884? The trick is that that year, at the Washington International Conference, not the coordinate system itself was approved, but just its starting point. It's just that the representatives of the leading powers of the world have agreed to consider the longitude passing through the Greenwich Observatory as the zero meridian. This longitude was set as a starting point absolutely arbitrarily, without any reasonable arguments (just Victorian England was at that moment at the peak of its power, so the representatives of the "Lady of the Seas" Greenwich were lobbying). And before him, the meridian of the Great Pyramid, the meridian of Jerusalem, sung by Dan Brown's "Line of the Rose", were zero. And any of them had a hundred times more reasons to become a reference point than Greenwich longitude!
But wherever the zero meridian was “moved”, it was done inside the coordinate system that had already existed from time immemorial. Data about where, when and by whom it was created, of course, has not survived - they are hidden in such a gray depth of centuries. The earliest surviving written records of it are cuneiform records on clay tablets in Mesopotamia. Only they were able to cross the ocean of time. The fate of the maps themselves turned out to be sad - practically nothing remained until the historically foreseeable days. Yes, and no wonder: they were created on "unstable" carriers - at best, on parchment - and were intended for use in the extreme conditions of wars and campaigns.
Ptolemy's map is considered the most ancient of those that have come down to us - the coordinate network on it already exists in a form close to the modern one (note that the latitude of the Pyramids, along with the equator, is highlighted in bold).
However, even what has come down to modern researchers in many times copied versions is amazing not only with the accuracy of topography, but also with the fact that they depict objects about which we still have an extremely vague idea. Let's say Antarctica is without ice cover, as on the now textbook Piri Reis map, drawn in 1513. After exploring the coastline of the Fifth Continent through the ice with modern means, the commander of the 8th Technical Reconnaissance Squadron, US Air Force Strategic Command, Lt. Col. Harold Z. Olmeyer summarized: “The geographic details depicted in the lower part of the map (the coast of Antarctica) are in excellent agreement with the seismic data … We have no idea how to reconcile the data of this map with the supposed level of geography in 1513. Piri Reis himself wrote in the margins that he was not responsible for the primary survey and cartography and that his map was based on a large number of earlier sources.
Employees of the same technical intelligence of the US Air Force also identified the center of the projection of the Piri Reis map - it turned out to be located in the area of modern Cairo. The idea to which I am bringing my narration was best formulated by G. Hancock in his work "Footprints of the Gods": "Whatever it is other than this, mathematicians and geographers have long understood that the Great Pyramid serves as a geodesic beacon."
In the twentieth century, the Soviet people tried to build communism and they failed; what the ancient Egyptians built, we do not know, but their result is still impressive.
The described level of knowledge and technology does not fit into the convenient schemes of official historical science. Nevertheless, the facts show that those who built Arkaim, Stonehenge and Arzhan already used the global geodetic network to the full. In the finished version, or at least in the form of a prototype, it should have existed even before the ancient builders began to lay the foundation of the first of these objects.
But let's return from the "prime meridians" to 51-52 northern latitudes. They are so oversaturated with historical monuments that on these parallels there is an illustration to any page of a history textbook! There are indisputable and uncontested rarities, such as the Kapova cave in Bashkiria with its fourteen thousand-year-old drawings; Durai site of primitive people and the Paleolithic complex of religious buildings and sites of Chalbuchi in the Chita region.
There are archaeological sites, whose venerable age is beyond doubt, but is lost in such gray hair of times that it is difficult to determine it. These include the Kostenki complex near Voronezh (51 ° 23'00 "N; 39 ° 03'00" E - latitude of Chernobyl with a second precision!). It represents more than sixty sites of ancient people, covering an area of about ten square kilometers. The age of the youngest of them is determined at 25,000 (!) Years; the oldest are given 40,000 (!!!), but it is clear that the preachers of "official historical science" doubt the first figure, and reject the second, since they leave no stone unturned from the "generally accepted ideas" about the duration and nature of human history. At the moment, it has only been reliably established that this is the first human settlement of the modern anthropological type in Europe.
There are monuments recently discovered, and therefore not fully explored: the repeatedly mentioned Arkaim and the Country of Cities, which includes more than twenty settlements similar to Arkaim and built according to the same plan. There are objects that have not been studied at all, for example, the ruins of the Por-Bazhyn fortress (50 ° 37'00 "N; 97 ° 24'00" E), located on an island in the middle of the artificial lake Teryo-Khol in Tuva …
Por-Bazhyn from a bird's eye view & hellip;
& hellip; and on the plan.
Moreover, scholars tore off their throats, proving to each other what Por-Bazhyn really was - a Uyghur fortress of the 13th century or a Buddhist temple of the 9th century - stubbornly not noticing his obvious similarities with the same Arkaim (they even died the same way, burned by their own inhabitants, gone into obscurity). Although, I'm lying - I read recently that one of the researchers was nevertheless visited by a brilliant insight and, choking on the courage of his own guess, he uttered that, de, it must be admitted that the architecture of Por-Bazhyn "is completely not typical for ordinary nomads." And the most outstanding Tuvan of our time and the main emissary of Russia S. K. Shoigu set out to turn this invaluable underexplored monument of world importance into a tourist leisure center "Russian Shaolin". Well, it's also an option - to asphalt and set up snack bars …
Another example of Uyghur architecture: find 10 differences in the layout of the temples of Solomon and Por-Bazhyn.
There are even more interesting options, when the subject of research is dug up and down, described in dozens of dissertations, and then suddenly a loud clicks in someone's head and a rethinking begins. This happened with the Val of Genghis Khan, which was also mentioned a little above: it took a radiocarbon analysis to finally understand that the Great Conqueror could not build a 550-kilometer defensive facility in view of its complete inappropriateness in the offensive military doctrine and the unbearable high cost of the project.
Finally, there are fantastic things that our scientists, with their level of thinking, will not understand soon, if they ever will. The most striking example of this category of objects, I would call the Altai Ukok plateau (49 ° 18'28 "N; 87 ° 35'41" E).
Ukok plateau on the tourist map of Altai.
For the first time this name thundered in connection with the opening of the burial place of a noble woman located here, later named in the pseudo-scientific press "Altai Princess". Despite the fact that she was the same age as the first pharaohs, her body with clothes, jewelry and even tattoos was almost perfectly preserved due to the fact that it was placed in an ice chamber. To the disappointment of the local Mongoloid aborigines, who believed that she was buried as their foremother, the "Princess" turned out to be a representative of the white race, proto-Slavic anthropological type, and on her shoulder she had a characteristic Scythian tattoo depicting a griffin.
"Altai Princess" - a sculptural portrait based on craniological reconstruction.
In pursuit of further similar burials, archaeologists unexpectedly stumbled upon a much larger discovery: geoglyphs were discovered on the Ukok plateau - giant drawings on the ground depicting the same griffins as on the "Princess" tattoo. This was a sensation in itself, since until now it was believed that geoglyphs exist only in the Western Hemisphere: in the Nazca desert, and even in two or three places in Peru, Bolivia and the Brazilian Amazon. An additional piquancy to this event was added by the fact that these drawings, as well as in the Nazca desert, can only be seen from the air. And since the representatives of the official historical science did not have any digestible versions regarding the discovered artifacts, they decided to forget about the discovery! By the way,"Ukok" is translated as "Word of Heaven" - can you really look for an explanation of all the mysteries not on Earth? And Buddhists, probably, reasonably assert that the northern entrance to Shambhala is located in these parts.
In addition to the monuments of antiquity, quite modern centers of civilization are located at 51-52 parallels. In order to save money, we will list only the capitals: London, Amsterdam, Berlin, Warsaw … I cannot but mention the University Cambridge and the Brest Fortress. Himmler's "favorite toy" Wewelsburg Castle is the headquarters of the already mentioned esoteric institute "Ancestral Heritage" ("Ahnenerbe"), if you like. Yes, and the reserve capital of the USSR was being prepared in case of war not in Sverdlovsk, but near Kuibyshev, in Zhiguli, in a giant underground city at a depth of 130 meters under a rocky monolith. I don't know the exact coordinates (approximate 51 ° 11'00 "N; 50 ° 07'00" E), but even a cursory glance at the map of the Middle Volga region in the school geography textbook is enough to add this object to the list of our " accidents”and“coincidences”. AND,If the "occult capital of the Reich" was openly built by the specialists of "Ahnenerbe", this does not mean that Comrade Stalin's choice of a place for the reserve capital was arbitrary - it was just that the activities of the occult department of the NKVD were better classified.
Viktor Suvorov was the first to tell about the reserve capital of the USSR in his books; Of course, the "competent authorities" after that rushed to deny the very fact of its existence, but then perestroika burst out and now they lead excursions to Stalin's bunker, and his master plan and 3D model are freely hanging on the Internet.
But from "fresh" - Astana, the current capital of Kazakhstan (51 ° 10 'north latitude and 71 ° 30' east longitude); with minute precision at the latitude of Stonehenge. We do not know the true motives of President Nazarbayev, but the transfer of the capital from the fertile valley with the name "Father of Apples" (Alma-Ata) to the bare steppe with the frighteningly polymorphic name "White space" (Ak-mol) is difficult to attribute to reasonable deeds. Maybe it somehow affected that in the place of present Astana (aka Akmolinsk, aka Tselinograd) there was a headquarters of nomadic Kazakh hordes in ancient times?
Moving further east, we again find ourselves on the territory of Russia, in the Svobodsky district of the Amur region. The Svobodny cosmodrome is located here, it is also the 2nd State Test Cosmodrome. Its geographic coordinates are 52 ° north latitude and 128 ° east longitude.
Schematic map of the Svobodny cosmodrome.
And if you look at the map of the facilities of the 12th Main Directorate of the Ministry of Defense, then, even without being a professional intelligence officer, it is not difficult to understand that the structures of the Strategic Missile Forces are "strung" at this latitude, like beads on a string …
Division of the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia.
Why is the 52nd parallel so attractive for ancient and not so ancient architects? I offer Tamara Globa's version. According to her, the Earth is not an ideal ball, but is an irregular ellipse, a rather complex shape - a geoid. If we combine the geoid with the “ideal ball”, which would be the Earth in the absence of rotation and “natural defects”, then these two figures would superimpose on each other exactly along the 52nd parallel.
The shape of our planet is so far from the ball that to designate it, we had to come up with a special figure - a geoid.
Thus, the priests founded sanctuaries not just anywhere, but strictly at the points of contact between the real form of the Earth and its aura. And since each of them also “stands” on a break in the earth's crust, on the lineament, then three Vedic worlds converge at one point - the upper (the world of the gods), the middle (the world of people) and the lower (the world of the dead). Rule, Yavi and Navi of the Slavs or Asgard, Midgard and Niflheim of the Scandinavians. Just a perfect model of ancient cosmogonies!
The city of the gods Asgard is in heaven, but its roots are in the earth.
The version of T. Globa is confirmed in its own way by the calculations of geophysicists: during cataclysms of a planetary nature, the greatest changes affect the poles and the equator, while the 50th latitude remains a zone of relative prosperity. And astronomers will add that at these latitudes the maximum number of astronomical events associated with the Sun and the Moon is observed.
It is difficult to say who, astrologers or scientists, is more right, but the entire history of the Northern Hemisphere, nevertheless, really proceeded between the 30th and 60th parallels, the latitude of the Pyramids and the latitude of Petersburg. So, was not the founder of the latter initiated into ancient secrets? Was it not on purpose that for two decades he did not get out of the wars not for a hypothetical "outlet to the sea", but for a specific place with magical coordinates 60 ° north latitude and 30 ° east longitude? And the city bearing his name was founded not as a "window to Europe" and not as an outpost, from where "we will threaten the Swede", but as a missing link in the global geodetic plan, the meaning of which is not clear to us until now ?!
To accept the stated hypothesis regarding the motives of Peter I in choosing a location for the new capital, it is necessary to agree with its premises, namely:
1. Our ancestors were not as primitive as modern historical science asserts and had significant knowledge, in particular, in the field of astronomy and geodesy;
2. on the basis of this knowledge, the priestly elite developed a global plan for the settlement of Eurasia, drawn up taking into account the possibility of catastrophes on a planetary scale;
3.the implementation of the named plan was carried out in stages for about 2000-3000 years, spreading from the region of the South Urals to the periphery of the continent;
4. information about the global plan was preserved until the 18th century;
5. somehow the Russian Emperor Peter I got access to it and, based on the requirements of the plan, founded a new capital, not suitable for this role from a utilitarian point of view.
Part V
Here it is time to name the mysterious developers of the global plan and the builders of astral cities. It is very easy to calculate them. The fact is that the patterns we have identified operate within certain strictly delineated boundaries, and these boundaries exactly coincide with the distribution area of the Aryan tribes. Almost all of the objects mentioned above are the heritage of the Aryan culture or lie in the zones of contact of the Aryans with other peoples.
The crimes of German fascism have tarnished this very concept so that even now, even in purely scientific literature, the authors try to bypass the terms "Aryan peoples", "Aryans" and their derivatives, piling up in their place the lifeless and inexpressive neologism "Indo-Europeans" or, even cleaner, " Indo-European language family”. I believe that to do so is to recognize only Hitlerism's right to exploit the memory of our common ancestors. After all, Russians, Belarusians, Ukrainians, British, French, Iranians, Indians, Armenians are also Aryans! In addition, I am not going to sacrifice the truth for political correctness, and therefore I am going to continue to call a cat - a cat, Negroes - Negroes, and "Indo-Europeans" - Aryans.
Indo-European language family (according to Garkmelidze-Ivanov).
Even the most timid scientists now, after the discovery of Arkaim and the Country of Cities, recognize the South Urals as the homeland of the Aryans (more precisely, the epicenter from where their spread began). Traditional science believes that they lived here almost from the beginning of time; more advanced - that they came to these lands from somewhere else (so, painfully, synchronously and without intermediate stages, their cities arose - they just grew out of the earth, without dialectical evolution from a dugout to an observatory temple, hence the conclusion that this evolution took place somewhere else).
The archetype of the aria was successfully transferred to the Soviet artist Konstantin Vasiliev like no one else.
In the V-II millennia BC. there was a resettlement of the Aryan tribes as a result of which Europe and half of Asia were under their rule. So, in the east, the Aryan expansion was stopped by representatives of the Mongoloid race only far beyond Altai. The sacred object erected here - the Arzhan mound - as already mentioned, is an astronomically oriented pantheon of Aryan warriors who apparently laid down their violent heads in battles with their eastern neighbors. No other cult burial center has been found anymore, and one can only guess why the forgotten heroes were awarded such an honor!
The fact that the last honors were given them really according to their merits can be indirectly evidenced, in particular, by the following fact: at about the same time, the ancestors of the Chukchi, who hitherto lived in the area of the modern northern border of China, moved to Chukotka. Whether this migration was caused by their direct collision with the Aryans or happened as a result of the "movement" of the peoples, we are unlikely to know, but the connection of this event with the Aryan invasion is beyond doubt. It is impossible to ignore one more interesting detail, since it just fits perfectly into our story. The original inhabitants of Chukotka - the Onkilons - driven out by the Chukchi from their habitats, plunged the whole tribe onto boats and sailed even further north, to … Sannikov Land, which we mentioned above! We don't know whether they sailed there or not,but no one heard anything else about the Onkilons, and this people became legendary, like the island on which they hoped to find a new homeland.
In the south of the continent, things were very different. Having swept the Iranian highlands, the Aryans invaded the Indian subcontinent. Here they encountered the highly developed Harappa civilization. Its creators were Dravidians and Gondians - Negroids, akin to the current Papuans. Realizing that the forces are equal and an armed conflict will not lead to anything other than mutual extermination, both peoples settled peacefully nearby and after a couple of centuries assimilated each other, giving rise to the current Indians.
In the Middle East, in Mesopotamia and Canaan (present-day Palestine), the Aryans easily defeated the Semitic-Hamite peoples, who were at that moment in their development at the level of the Stone Age, driving some into the lifeless Arabian desert, some into Egyptian slavery. It was during this invasion that the Aryan tribe of Solim founded the settlement of Ur in Canaan. Ur was not a proper name, but came from the Aryan word "var", which meant only "a fenced-in place, a fortress" and, since the settlements with such an unpretentious name were already full (the above-mentioned Ur Chaldean, for example), to distinguish the city from others, the Solim began to call it with a clarifying adjective derived from their ethnic self-name - Ur-Solim (Fortress of the Solim). And despite the factthat over its many thousands of years of history this city has repeatedly passed from hand to hand and has known the conquerors like no other, its original name is easily recognizable even in the modern pronunciation - Jerusalem.
The Aryans and Egypt were battered: "They walked, carrying a wall of fire in front of them" - briefly but succinctly testifies to the Egyptian chronicler … But either Egypt put up worthy resistance (do not forget that at that time it was a superpower), or the Aryans themselves did not attract the spread south of the 30th parallel, they did not break it. However, the Egyptians did not have to sleep more calmly, because north of Canaan, in Asia Minor, having conquered the local Hurrian population, the Aryan tribes of the Luwians and Nesites, adopting the name of the Hittites, created their own state. The Hittite kingdom became the first state formation among the Aryan tribes. Its capital - Hattushash (Hattusu) - we mentioned when we were talking about objects located at the 40th latitude.
Even in the ruins of Hattusa, it looks more majestic than the modern Bogazkay, which has adhered nearby.
On the coat of arms of the Hittite Kingdom, the attributes of its "heavenly patron", the god of the storm, Teshub, were depicted - a double-sided ax and the well-known double-headed eagle. So, the current state symbolism of Russia is a direct continuation of the Aryan tradition, and its history begins not with Ivan III and not with the Byzantine dynasty of the Paleologues, as is commonly believed, but at least five thousand years before them!
The current Russian coat of arms is a descendant of this Hittite eagle.
But from Europe, the aria did not leave a stone unturned. It - from present-day France to present-day Ukraine - in the described times was also inhabited by Negroids, though not of the Australoid, but of the Ethiopian anthropological type. However, the relationship between blacks and whites was not as warm as in India. What they did not share is unknown, but the massacre went uncompromising. The degree of her fierceness can be evidenced, say, by the fact that from that very time on, whites began to portray their devil as black, and the Negro devil, on the contrary, became white. And the totem animal of the Negro tribes of snakes or the dragon has grown so tightly with the image of the enemy of the human race that even millennia later, in the folklore of the Aryan peoples, it remained a ruthless, bloodthirsty monster that requires constant human sacrifice. By the way, one of the folk legends says,that the name of the defensive Serpent Shafts near Kiev, which we also mentioned above, comes from the legend of the ancient heroes who pacified and harnessed the Serpent to a giant plow, with which they plowed a ditch that marked the borders of the country.
The painting by Konstantin Vasiliev & hellip;
& hellip; and the same person is depicted on the coat of arms of Moscow!
Another echo of this confrontation was the popularity in heraldry of the image of a horseman trampling on a dragon (as, for example, on the coat of arms of Moscow). After the arrival of Christianity, he became associated with St. George the Victorious, but his roots go deep into pre-Christian times. And the knight striking the serpent with a spear is a collective image of the Aryan hero-winner of dragons. It could have been Indian Indra, Greek Perseus, English Child-Wind, German Siegfried Nibelung, yes, at least, and our own Ivan Tsarevich, who took off the heads of the Serpent Gorynych in the famous sparring "on the Kalinov Bridge over the Currant River." Well, who is Europe left behind - the answer is obvious …
Having defeated the black Europeans, the Aryans came across yellow and white (who, it turns out, just did not live in Europe at that time!). The Pictish inhabitants of the north of the British Isles, relatives of the modern Eskimos, were yellow. They organized themselves and fought off the aliens for a long time; only Scottish kings managed to finally cut them out (RL Stevenson's sad poem "Heather Honey" tells exactly about this). And the Aryans encountered the white inhabitants of what was then Europe on the territory of modern Spain. These were the Ibero-Colchians. They rolled out both those and others. The Iberians were driven into the mountains (which are now called Iberian), where they still live, becoming a Basque people, who have not yet received either independence or statehood. And the Kolkhs, like the unfortunate Onkilons, were forced with their wives,kids and simple belongings to dive on ships and go in search of a new place of residence. They found it, after long wanderings, as much as six seas on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, where they founded the state of Colchis (the Argonauts, subsequently, will come here for the Golden Fleece) and gave rise to modern Georgians, Abkhazians and Dagestanis.
And the Aryan invasion bypassed the European part of Russia. The Aryans were cattle breeders, so the Black Sea steppes, ideal for grazing livestock, attracted them much more than Meshchera forests, where it was impossible to turn around with herds. Separate expeditions to the north, of course, were undertaken. Evidence that, for example, the ruins of the observatory on the famous Kulikovo field (astronomically oriented Gypsy stone, three-meter stone triangles indicating the rising points on the days of equinoxes and, even, fragments of a stone astrolabe) or recently discovered in Ryazan region, near the village of Spasskaya Luka, remains wooden sanctuary, immediately baptized in pseudo-scientific circles "Ryazan Stonehenge".
Ryazan Stonehenge now looks like this & hellip;
& hellip; but could look like this.
But, in general, there was no interest in these lands, and for the time being, they remained in the possession of their then owners - the Finno-Ugric tribes. And the future Russians lived at that time distant lands from these places. And who knows, maybe in the mound of Arzhan the distant ancestor of someone who is reading these lines now is sleeping in eternal sleep. And in the places of their current settlement, the descendants of the Aryans and the ancestors of the Russians - the Slavs - will finally settle down only in the VIII century of our era.
However, even without the territory of the future Muscovite Russia, one and a half continents were under the rule of the Aryans. And inside this zone of settlement, a network of sacral centers was created, concealing encrypted information that we have yet to read.
Part VI
With a certain degree of probability, it can be assumed that knowledge about the global plan in a reduced form could have been carried through the millennia by some secret society of initiates (well, of course, not the Priory of Zion), which degenerated by the time of Peter into a banal Masonic lodge or an alchemical sect, mimicking a monastic community and sitting out the excitement of this world outside the walls of some remote monastery. Some of the keepers, among other adventurers who poured into Russia under Peter, could acquaint the emperor himself with the plan and find in him a grateful follower.
Neodruids at the Midsummer Celebration at Stonehenge: a crowd of mummers or guardians of ancient knowledge?
Let's try to "calculate" this person based on the premises available to us. It is logical to assume that he should have entered the “inner circle” and enjoyed sufficient influence over Peter; have an education above the secondary level for their era; be well versed in astronomy (or astrology) and geodesy. Of all the "chicks of Petrov's nest", Yakov Vilimovich Bruce most of all corresponds to our description.
Yakov Vilimovich Bruce (1670 - 1735).
Secrets surround Yakov Bruce from his very birth: where and when it happened is not known for certain, as well as the circumstances that brought him to Moscow. According to some sources (Walishevsky) he was a Swede, according to others - a Scottish, a native of the royal family.
At the age of 14, he spoke fluently in three languages, knew mathematics and astronomy, and at 16 he enrolled in the "funny troops". It was here that his meteoric rise up the career ladder began. By the age of thirty, Bruce was in charge of all the Russian artillery and received the rank of General Feldzheichmeister. Peter trusted Bruce with the most important diplomatic negotiations, and subsequently granted him the title of count and made him a member of the "governing" Senate. Jacob Bruce became the first holder of the main award of the Empire - the Order of Andrew the First-Called.
Bruce successfully combined his state activities with scientific ones. For example, despite the "hardships and deprivation of military service," during the Azov campaign, he managed to draw a map of southern Russia from Moscow to the Crimea.
Bruce's map of southern Russia.
Within the framework of the "Grand Embassy", Peter instructed Bruce to recruit scientists and teachers for work in Russia, to buy books and tools. Bruce not only coped with the task, but, upon his return, he himself enthusiastically joined in teaching.
In 1699 in Moscow, by decree of the tsar, the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences, the first educational institution in Russia, where, among other disciplines, astronomy was taught, began to work. For her in 1692-1695. the Sukharev Tower was specially built. Bruce organized an observatory there and began to personally train future sailors in observations. At this time, he published a map of the starry sky and began to publish the famous "Bruce's calendars". Bruce also translated a book by Christian Huygens, Cosmotheoros, which outlined the Copernican system and Newton's theory of gravitation. In Russian translation, it was called "The Book of the World View" and for a long time served as a textbook both in schools and universities.
At the court, Bruce was considered a scientist, astronomer and engineer, and among the common people - a sorcerer and warlock. Both points of view are, in their own way, right. For his time he was quite erudite, but where he got his versatile knowledge is unknown. Researchers of Bruce's scientific heritage declared his research superficial. This was motivated by references to Bruce's excessive fascination with astrology. For example, the fact that all his observations of celestial bodies were used exclusively for making astrological forecasts, and the above-mentioned "Bruce calendars" resembled more fairy tales than scientific reports. Bruce was even blamed for the fact that, having drawn up a good geological and ethnographic map of Moscow (disappeared in the middle of the last century, but its descriptions are in the Academy of Sciences), he immediately supplemented it with an astrological one.
Contemporaries considered Bruce's mechanical experiments, in general, to be extravagance: a mechanical man (a robot, in our opinion) … Or an aircraft that existed not only on paper, but also in the form of a working metal model (this is in those days when the wildest dreams of the rest of the pioneers the fifth ocean was to raise a bubble filled with smoke into the air!). By the way, the blueprints of the plane disappeared mysteriously before the Great Patriotic War. It was rumored that they were kidnapped by German intelligence (another hello from Ahnenerbe) and Bruce's ideas were used by specialists from the Messerschmidt company.
Comrade Stalin was also interested in Bruce's legacy. He ordered the tower mentioned to Sukharev not to blow up, as, for example, the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, but to dismantle it brick by brick and deliver all the finds personally to him. And there is every reason to believe that he found what he was looking for … but let's not get ahead of ourselves!
So, it is Bruce who can be considered a person dedicated to the secret of the global plan. And the proof of this must be sought not in St. Petersburg, but in the old capital.
Petersburg Bruce disliked. He was a supporter of a concentric urban planning scheme, however, Peter, like the subsequent Romanovs, being a lover of straight lines, ordered to build the city on the model of Amsterdam - with straight, perpendicular intersecting streets. Unable to fully realize himself in Northern Palmyra, Bruce settled in Moscow, fortunately, here a suitable field of activity just turned up for him.
The construction of St. Petersburg overshadowed another historical fact - the reconstruction of Moscow. It was during the reign of Peter that its town-planning concept acquired its final version, according to which the city is still developing today: several transport rings and radial highways scattering from the center like rays.
A classic of the radial-concentric urban planning concept.
The idea of Peter's times on modern maps, after numerous Luzhkov modifications, is quite difficult to discern. To simplify your task, take the "skeleton" of Moscow - a map of the metro and take a closer look at the familiar "spider" named "Scheme of Moscow Metro lines".
Moscow metro line diagram - horoscope model?
Doesn't it look like anything? One annular with twelve radial processes … A circle divided into 12 parts … The dial of a clock … and also a horoscope, or rather, the Zodiacal circle (but it seems that we have already met this somewhere!). There is evidence that Comrade Stalin recommended that the metro be built on the astrological chart compiled by Bruce. Therefore, there are only 12 stations on the ring line, as signs of the Zodiac, and the 13th "Suvorov Square" for various reasons has not been put into operation until now.
There is no mistake: during the time of Peter the Great, Moscow underwent reconstruction and its urban planning plan was made in the form of a zodiacal map of the starry sky. The author of this plan was Jacob Bruce, the last architect who built cities from the stars.
Solitaire is complete! I have no doubt that specialists in narrow fields, if they wish, will find in my narrative any inaccuracies that they can find fault with. In addition, a mass of structures that did not fit into the patterns I identified, for example, Karnak in France, not to mention the astronomically oriented buildings of Central America or the figures of Easter Island, remained outside my research. In contrast to the whole mass of unsubstantiated, but "generally accepted" theories, which for some reason we blindly believe, in general, without arguments, I cited only facts in my research. Facts known to everyone. Facts that any of my readers can check using a map of the world from the first geography textbook that comes across. Facts that have been sticking out of the ground in plain sight for 5000 years. The facts described by hundreds of professional researchers before me. And - no matter how painful it is to admit it - I haven't discovered anything new either. I just systematized what others had collected before me and took a fresh look at the results of their labors. It's a pity if you didn't see what I saw …
Orlov V. V.