Modern humanity, following the path of development and progress, has achieved great achievements. The DNA molecules, the secrets of genetics, the studied cosmic depths and the structure of the atom have long been revealed. A person has been thoroughly studied from all sides. But on the other hand, only the human body has been studied, but there is also a soul and a spirit. For many years, numerous psychologists have been trying to unravel the secrets of the subconscious, but, unfortunately, so far this has not been possible. Thus, both in man himself and in the universe there remains a lot of unknown.
Human sleep also belongs to the category of the unknown. A person spends about a third of his life in a dream. But why can't people give up sleep, what happens to them in a dream? Science has no answers to these and many other questions about sleep.
Science began to study dreams at the end of the eighteenth century. One of the first more or less serious works on this topic is the work of Dr. Nudov "The Experience of Constructing the Theory of Sleep", which appeared in 1791.
According to the famous American philosopher Emerson, people study dreams not in order to predict their future, but to better understand themselves. A similar idea was developed by the founder of psychoanalysis, Z. Freud. According to the scientist, a dream arises in the realm of the unconscious. It has nothing to do with the future, but only a reflection of the present and the past. Thanks to sleep analysis, you can understand the hidden fears and aspirations of a person, which are very difficult to get to in another way. Often a person has strong desires that fundamentally contradict his psychological attitudes and upbringing. But a person is afraid to admit them to himself, therefore, during the day, during the waking period, these desires are sent to the sphere of the unconscious. However, in the state of sleep, a redistribution of psychic energy occurs.
In 1957, the American scientist N. Kleitman and his two graduate students Y. Aserinsky and V. Dement published the results of studies according to which sleep is not a single homogeneous process, but consists of two phases that clearly differ from each other and alternate - fast and slow. sleep.
REM sleep, as a rule, is accompanied by increased heartbeat and breathing, rapid eye movements, a rise in blood pressure, that is, the same indicators that are characteristic of the state of wakefulness. In another way, REM sleep is also called paradoxical, since with such a dream a person becomes a participant in exciting, rapidly developing events, but at the same time he does not have the opportunity to react to them physically. His legs and arms are inactive, his neck muscles are practically paralyzed, and only his eyeballs are actively moving.
With such a dream, all physiological functions are activated, motor activity increases and eye movements appear, which indicates that a person is dreaming at this time. At the same time, it must be said that during the period of REM sleep, a person sleeps much more soundly than during slow sleep.
Scientists conducted experiments with sleeping people, as a result of which they came to the conclusion that if a person is deprived of REM sleep, then even with sufficient general sleep, mental disorders may begin within a week.
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There is also restful or slow sleep, in which the respiratory and heart rate decreases, the muscles relax, and the range of motion is reduced to a minimum. During this period of sleep, a person does not see dreams.
Human sleep consists of several cycles, each of which lasts approximately 1.5 hours. In turn, each cycle consists of 4 stages of NREM sleep and 1 stage of REM sleep. The stages of slow wave sleep are shallow sleep, nap, delta sleep, and deep delta sleep. All four stages of REM sleep prepare a person for the stage of REM sleep, in other words, for dreams.
According to the results of studies published almost immediately after REM and REM sleep were discovered, the majority of people who wake up during REM sleep and 5-10 percent of people who wake up during REM sleep can recall what they saw in their dreams.
It is noteworthy that sleep is divided into slow and fast not only in humans, but also in some animals and birds. So, for example, crocodiles, snakes, turtles and lizards do not have REM sleep at all, and among mammals only echidna does not have it.
A person needs sleep no less than food, and perhaps much more, because if a person is able to live without food for about two months, then without sleep - only a day of the week.
Scientists have also managed to establish that the frequency of the rhythm of the brain biocurrents in a sleeping person is 5-6 times less than in a person who is awake. It was also found that dreaming, rich in content, which seems to a person to be very long, actually last only a few seconds. And all because the ideas about space and time in a dream are greatly violated.
To this day, a huge number of dream books have been published that try to interpret dreams. At the same time, the approaches of various psychiatrists, psychologists and physicians, as well as representatives of isoteric science - healers, contactees, psychics - are often very different in their understanding of the sleep process itself. On the other hand, some phenomena that occur in a dream are considered to be studied to some extent. So, in particular, no one doubts or is surprised by the fact that in a dream a person can speak, pronounce individual words, feel pain in that organ, which outwardly looks completely healthy and does not hurt during the day. In addition, it is also not surprising that in a dream a person can see a so-called prophetic dream, which after a while comes true, or find a solution to some problem,which during the waking period could not be solved in any way.
According to some esotericists, sleep consists of seven stages-cycles. A person can wake up on any of these cycles, but if it turns out to be complete, then the person will get enough sleep. According to the supporters of this theory, a person can even program himself for the time when he needs to wake up by turning on the so-called internal alarm clock. And in the event that in a dream a person wants to get an answer to some question that interests him, before going to bed, you need to mentally ask about it. In addition, falling asleep, you need to ask the Higher Forces to dream something good, and when you wake up, you must thank for the awakening and ask for a good day.
Esotericists are sure that in a dream a person communicates with the astral world, from which the theory of this communication follows. However, neither this theory, nor other esoteric theories, nor even a scientific approach to this problem can explain the essence of what actually happens to a person during sleep, leaving sleep an unknown secret.
There are many questions that are difficult to answer unequivocally. So, in particular, it is interesting why the famous scientist Mendeleev saw his table in a dream, why do musicians hear music in a dream, and writers hear texts? Why do the dead often dream before weather changes, snow or rain? Finally, why can a person with a weak psyche be able to talk in a dream, ask him questions and get quite intelligible answers, while the sleeper himself will not even suspect about his interview? What happens to a person who is sleeping under the influence of hypnosis?
If we analyze all these questions, then the sleep process can be roughly divided into several categories. The first category includes people who dream of becoming contactees. There were many such cases, so it makes sense to focus on the most famous ones. So, in particular, the Moscow programmer S. Tyulyukov saw in a dream a work colleague who had recently died. The dream was strange, then, as during life, these people practically did not communicate. After this dream, the man received the revelation that in the Universe, time exists simultaneously as past, present and future. A little later, Tyulyukov understood what a person's fate is. This concept came in a dream in the form of a computer game with 12 tracks with several lives on each. There were no rules of the game, no decoding …
The artist I. Kuznetsova in a dream saw her paintings, which she then transferred to canvases. They possessed tremendous energy and were very closely connected with the fate of the woman herself. According to the artist, when she was working on her next painting, from another room she heard the voice of her sleeping son, who asked her not to do this. The woman obeyed, postponed work, and soon her life changed dramatically.
The second category includes dreams in which people miraculously move in time, end up in parallel worlds, but at the same time remain in their civilization. Such dreams are confirmed by scientific experiments, when a person under hypnosis can recall his past life.
And the third category includes dreams, in which the soul leaves the physical body for some time and flies outside of it. So, for example, there are cases when, during an abortion, women under anesthesia, as it were, saw their own physical body from the side.
However, despite the division into categories, none of them gives a complete interpretation of what processes occur with a person in a dream, the poet of a dream remains unknown to this day. This is a mystery and mystery both for the scientific world and for the person himself.