Regarding the South American events of the fifteenth-sixteenth centuries, many questions arise, and among them one main one is why in some areas the conquistadors did not meet any resistance, but, on the contrary, were met with offerings?
The answer is simple, the Spaniards were fair-skinned and bearded, and some of them were fair-haired - just like the deities who landed on the same land hundreds of years ago.
From the notes of Francisco Pizarro: “The ruling class in the Peruvian kingdom was light-skinned, the color of ripe wheat. Most of the nobles were remarkably like the Spaniards. In this country I met an Indian woman so fair skinned that I was amazed. The neighbors call these people children of the gods …"
Is there modern evidence of the existence of these mysterious white people in Indian land? “An unknown Indian tribe was discovered by an expedition of the Brazilian National Indian Fund (FUNAI) in the state of Para (Amazon basin) in northern Brazil. The white-skinned blue-eyed Indians of this tribe, who live in the dense rainforest, are skilled fishermen and fearless hunters. To further study the way of life of the new tribe, the members of the expedition, led by the expert on the problems of the Brazilian Indians Raimundo Alves, intend to conduct a detailed study of the life of this tribe. ("Clarin", Argentina).
In the summer of 2003, in July, traces of a civilization were found in the wilds of the Amazon, which science still did not know about. French and Ecuadorian archaeologists who studied 4500-year-old burials on one of the tributaries of the Rio Chinchipe (Ecuador) discovered dozens of stone objects (bowls, small dishes, stupas), as well as clay shards. These findings, made near the town of Palanda (Zamora-Chinchipe province), look promising. Everything indicates that the objects found in the town of La Florida (1000 meters above sea level) on the spurs of the Andes are traces of a developed civilization that once existed in the Amazon forests, which archaeologists still did not know about.
In 1681, a Jesuit, Fray Lucero, described information from the Indians that there was a city of white people, a nation called Curveros, in a place called Jurachuasi, or White Settlement. A description of this place is also found in the book "The Secret Threshold". Perhaps Paititi is the mystical city of El Dorado, which is constantly mentioned in the Amazon. Also, some believe that Eldorado is located closer to Orinoco. In 1559, an expedition was organized by the Spaniards with the Peruvian Indians to search for this place. The expedition failed, and its leader, Pedro de Ursua, was killed by the soldier Lope de Aguirre. Its members talked about white-skinned people and warlike women, who were called Amazons. Based on the events, the film "Aguirre: The Wrath of God" was created.
Where did the white people go? How could it be that these amazing demigods suddenly disappeared? Some sources claim that the entire territory of America (especially South and Central America) was permeated with a network of underground communications of tunnels and that under the ground you can find almost entire settlements where people lived in the pre-Columbian era.
Argentinean professor Gigermo Terrera, an expert in history and anthropology, believes that the peoples of America knew about these underground spaces. He claims that at different times the high priests and rulers used this underground complex, and that they hid from persecution by the Spaniards and took away most of the gold treasures there. It turns out that the Lower (underground) World, represented in the cosmogony of South America by a snake, is not a myth, but a reality?
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Tibetan lamas claim that there is an underground world in South America, which can only be reached through secret tunnels that are protected and hidden from those who are not expected there. In this underworld, according to the monks, the peoples of the Ancient World live, who fled there during the great cataclysm. They use the most ancient knowledge of how to use the energy of crystals and with their help receive light and life energy.
Countless legends of the Indians of both Americas tell that white bearded people once landed on the shores of their country. They brought the Indians the foundations of knowledge, laws, and the whole civilization. They arrived in large strange ships with swan wings and luminous hulls. Having approached the coast, the ships landed blue-eyed and fair-haired people in robes of rough black material, in short gloves. They wore snake-shaped ornaments on their foreheads. This legend has survived almost unchanged to this day. The Aztecs and Toltecs of Mexico called the white god Quetzalcoatl, the Incas Contixi Viracocha, for the Chibcha he was Bochica, and for the Maya Kukulcan …
Lake Titicaca turned out to be in the very center of the "activity" of the white god Viracocha, for all the evidence converges in one there, on the lake, and in the neighboring town of Tiahuanaco was the residence of the god. “They also told, writes Cieza de Leon, that on the lake, on the island in the past centuries there lived a people, white like us, and one local leader named Kari with his people came to this island and waged a war against this people and killed many … "In a special chapter of his chronicle dedicated to the ancient buildings of Tiahuanaco, Leon says the following:" I asked the locals if these buildings were created during the time of the Incas. They laughed at my question and said that they knew for certain that all this was done long before the rule of the Incas. They saw bearded men on Lake Titicaca. These were people of a subtle mind who came from an unknown country, and there were few of them, and many of them were killed in wars …
When the Frenchman Bandelier 350 years later began excavations in these places, the legends were still alive. He was told that in ancient times the island was inhabited by people similar to Europeans, they married local women, and their children became Incas … “Information collected in various districts of Peru, differs only in details … Inca Garcilaso asked his royal uncle about the early history of Peru. He replied: “Nephew, I will gladly answer your question and what I say, you will forever keep in your heart. Know, then, that in ancient times this whole area that you know was covered with forest and thickets, and people lived like wild animals without religion and power, without cities and houses, without cultivating the land and without clothes, for they did not know how to make cloth, to sew a dress.
They lived in twos or threes in caves or crevices of rocks, in grottoes under the ground. They ate turtles and roots, fruits and human meat. They covered their body with leaves and skins of animals … "De Leon adds Garcilaso:" Immediately after that a tall white man appeared and he had great authority. They say that he taught people to live normally in many villages. Everywhere they called him the same Contixi Viracocha. And they built temples to honor him and erected statues in them … ”
When in 1932 the archaeologist Bennett was excavating in Tiahuanaco, he came across a red stone figurine depicting the god Contixi Viracocha in a long robe and a beard. His robe was decorated with horned snakes and two pumas, symbols of the highest deity in Mexico and Peru. Bennett pointed out that this figurine was identical to the one found on the shores of Lake Titicaca, just on the peninsula closest to the island of the same name. Other similar sculptures were found around the lake. On the Peruvian coast, Viracocha was immortalized in ceramics and drawings of stone for statuettes were not there. The authors of these drawings are early chimu and mochika.
Already mentioned by us Pizarro and his people, robbing and breaking the Inca temples, left detailed descriptions of their actions. In one of the temples of Cusco, wiped off the face of the earth, there was a huge statue depicting a man in a long robe and sandals, "exactly the same as that painted by Spanish artists in our home" …
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In the temple built in honor of Viracocha, there was also the great god Kontixi Viracocha, a man with a long beard and proud bearing, in a long robe. A contemporary wrote that when the Spaniards saw this statue, they thought that Saint Bartholomew had reached Peru and the Indians created a monument in memory of this event. The conquistadors were so impressed by the strange statue that they did not destroy it immediately, and the temple for a while passed the fate of other similar structures.
One of the chroniclers Garcilaso de la Vega, the son of an Inca queen, left an impressive description of how one day, when he was still a child, another dignitary took him to the royal tomb. Ondegardo (that was his name) showed the boy one of the rooms of the palace in Cuzco, where several mummies lay along the wall. Ondegardo said they were former Inca emperors and he saved their bodies from decay. By chance the boy stopped in front of one of the mummies. Her hair was white as snow. Ondegardo said it was the mummy of the White Inca, the 8th ruler of the Sun. Since it is known that he died at a young age, the whiteness of his hair can in no way be explained by gray hair …
A superficial acquaintance with the huge and multi-genre literature on the history of Peru is enough to find there many references to bearded and white-skinned Indian gods …
While exploring the territory of Peru, the Spaniards also stumbled upon huge metal structures from pre-Inca times, also lying in ruins. “When I asked the local Indians who built these ancient monuments, wrote the Spanish chronicler Cieza de Leon in 1553, they replied that it was done by another people, bearded and white-skinned, like we Spaniards. These people arrived long before the Incas and settled here. How strong and tenacious the legends about white deities are confirmed by the testimony of the Peruvian archaeologist Valysarcel, who, 400 years after de Leon, heard from the Indians who lived near the ruins that “these structures were created by a foreign people, white as Europeans”.
On Easter Island, the most remote from Polynesia and closest to America, a piece of land, there are legends that the ancestors of the islanders came from a desert country in the East and reached the island after sailing 60 days towards the setting sun. Today's racially mixed islanders claim that some of their ancestors had white skin and red hair, while others were dark-skinned and black-haired.
This was attested by the first Europeans who visited the island. When a Dutch ship visited Easter Island for the first time in 1722, a white man boarded, among other inhabitants, and the Dutch wrote the following about the rest of the islanders: “Among them there are dark brown, like the Spaniards, and completely white people, and some the skin is generally red, as if the sun was burning it … "From early reports collected in 1880 by Thompson, it became known that the country, which is, according to legend, 60 days to the east, was also called" burial place."
The climate there was so hot that people died and plants dried up. To the west of Easter Island, all the way to Southeast Asia, there is nothing that could fit this description: the shores of all the islands are closed by a rainforest wall. But in the east, where the inhabitants pointed out, are the coastal deserts of Peru, and nowhere else in the Pacific Ocean region is there a place that better matches the descriptions of the legend than the Peruvian coast, both in climate and in name.
Numerous burials are indeed located along the deserted coast of the Pacific Ocean. The dry climate has allowed today's scientists to study in detail the bodies buried there. According to initial assumptions, the mummies located there should have given researchers an exhaustive answer to the question: what was the type of the ancient pre-Incan population of Peru? However, the mummies did the opposite; they only asked riddles. Having opened the burial place, anthropologists discovered there types of people that had never been met in ancient America. In 1925, archaeologists discovered two large necropolises on the Paracas Peninsula in the southern part of the central Peruvian coast.
The burial contained hundreds of mummies of ancient dignitaries. Radiocarbon analysis determined their age to be 2,200 years. Near the graves, researchers found large quantities of debris of hardwood, which was usually used to build rafts. When the mummies were opened, they revealed a striking difference from the main physical type of the ancient Peruvian population.
Here is what the American anthropologist Stewart wrote about the mummies found on the coast of Peru: "This was a selected group of large people, absolutely not typical for the population of Peru." While Stewart was studying their bones, M. Trotter analyzed the hair of nine mummies. According to him, their color is generally red-brown, but in some cases the samples gave a very light, almost golden hair color. The hair of the two mummies was generally different from the rest, they curled …
Many legends agree that Viracocha sailed on reed boats to the shores of Lake Titicaca and created the megalithic city of Tiahuanaco. From here he sent bearded ambassadors to all parts of Peru to teach people and say that he was their creator. But, in the end, dissatisfied with the behavior of the inhabitants, he decided to leave their lands. Throughout the vast Inca empire, up to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Indians unanimously named the path along which Viracocha and his associates left. They descended to the Pacific coast and went west along the sea with the sun …
“Interesting newspaper. Mysteries of Civilization No. 22 2012