At the request of journalists and reporters - to report interesting facts about our universe, scientists held a whole conference, within which they announced two dozen interesting moments and outer space. Scientists have published a complete list of facts on the pages of Science Space magazine.
At a thematic conference on outer space, scientists, who make up a single council of experts, reported on the most interesting values of outer space, previously unknown to mankind. The journalists' requests were completely and completely satisfied, the scientists were satisfied with their performance.
In the near future, a conference will be held dedicated to the problems of outer space and the universe, which must be urgently addressed, without delaying research processes with the use of super modern technological solutions, including the launch of satellites, including …
25 incredible and interesting facts about our universe
1. Boiling of the Sun
Looking through a powerful telescope, we see the sun boiling, its boiling resembles the boiling of water. The energy of the sun is transferred to the surface in millions of granules that live no more than 20 minutes.
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2. Gravitational waves
In 1916, Albert Einstein discovered gravitational waves. This is a hundred years before the official confirmation of their existence. This discovery proved that spacetime can change.
3. Interplanetary transport network
While it sounds like something out of science fiction, the interplanetary transport network is one of the strangest real-world facts about the universe. Originally called the interplanetary superhighway, this network is a collection of paths through the solar system based on the interaction of the gravitational forces of celestial bodies. Satellites and other space bodies can use it to slowly move between objects using very little energy.
4. Plasma
Most people were taught in school that there are three types of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. But there is also a fourth state: plasma. This condition occurs when the gas is strongly heated or a strong electromagnetic field is applied to it. Plasma is the most common form of matter in the universe.
5. Glow of the atmosphere
The glow of the atmosphere is a unique phenomenon that can only be seen from space. It is formed by the release of the energy of atoms and molecules high in the atmosphere.
6. Dark matter
One of the strangest things that continues to confuse astronomers is dark matter. It is assumed that this hypothetical substance could account for more than 80% of the matter in the universe. Scientists are currently conducting particle fragmentation experiments at the Large Hadron Collider to gain a better understanding of this substance.
7. Speed of light
Light flies 300,000 kilometers per second. For an hour - 1.08 billion kilometers. And in a year - an unimaginable distance of 9.5 trillion km. At the same time, light reaches the Sun to the Earth in just 8.3 minutes, and from the closest star to the Solar System (Proxima Centauri) - in 4.24 years.
8. The sun independently regulates its processes
The sun is actually a self-regulating system. When too many hydrogen atoms collide in it and merge at too high a speed, the core heats up and expands slightly into the outer layers. The extra space reduces the density of atoms and hence the collision / merger frequency. When this happens, the core cools and contracts.
9. Infinitesimal odds
The chance that any hydrogen atom on the Sun will collide with another hydrogen atom and start nuclear fusion is estimated to be one in five billion years. Fortunately, there are insanely many hydrogen atoms in the core of the Sun and you don't have to worry about the Sun starting to extinguish soon.
10. Crater Snowman
Asteroid Vesta is one of the largest in the asteroid belt (1st place by mass and 2nd largest). It has 3 nearby craters that look amazingly like a snowman.
11. Time capsules of the universe
Planethesimals, such as those that make up the Oort Cloud, are solid objects that are likely debris from forming planets. Although these objects are literally permeated by solar radiation, thereby altering their chemical composition and structure, the planetesimals are believed to contain pure material that could provide scientists with clues to the formation of the universe.
12. The origin of comets
Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 carry audiovisual recordings on gold plated discs. They contain photographs of the Earth, life forms on it, and even greetings from the US President and UN Secretary General. The recording was made in case the probes encountered any other intelligent life forms.
14. Sounds in space
Few people know that the universe makes noise. In September 2013, NASA released audio recordings of plasma waves - the first sounds ever recorded in interstellar space.
15. Cosmic Purgatory
Astronomers have named the new region of space discovered by the Voyager 1 probe "Cosmic Purgatory." This region is essentially a barrier between the solar system and interstellar space. The solar wind of charged particles dies down here, magnetic fields accumulate, and purgatory also "repels" particles arriving from outside from deep space.
16. Voyager 2
The Voyager 2 space probe was launched by NASA in 1977 to explore the distant planets of the solar system. Since the Earth revolves around the Sun at a speed faster than Voyager 2 moves away from the Earth, the distance between the Earth and the probe decreases at certain times of the year, for example, in spring.
17. Ineffective Sun
Despite the fact that the sun is the main source of energy on Earth, it is highly inefficient. In comparison, an old light bulb emits 100 watts of energy. And the sun only emits about 276.5 watts per cubic meter. For comparison, this is roughly equal to the metabolism of a lizard.
18. Sun temperature
The highest temperature on Earth was recorded in 2015 in the Iranian Lut Desert - 71 ° C. On the surface of the Sun, the temperature is 5505 ° C. And the Sun's core is heated to 15.69 million ° C.
19. The size of the sun
The sun has 333,000 times the mass and 1,300,000 times the volume of the Earth. Despite these facts, its average density is only about 26% of the earth's.
20. Time to reach the nearest star
Today, no mission is planned to fly to the closest star to Earth (except for the Sun) Proxima Centauri. But if scientists with modern technology sent a spacecraft to this star, it would take about 74,000 Earth years to reach it.
21. The longest distance traveled by a space probe
The farthest space probe from Earth ever launched by mankind, Voyager 1, left the solar system in 2012. Despite the fact that the probe has been flying for 40 years, it is only 18.53 light-hours from Earth. It is roughly 1/500 of a light year. And it will take Voyager 1 almost 20 thousand years to fly by one light year.
22. Slow motion of photons
Although it only takes photons 8.3 minutes to travel from the Sun to the Earth, a photon can travel 100,000 years from the core to the surface of the Sun. This is because the Sun's core is incredibly dense: 150 times denser than water.
23. Nearest black holes
There are at least 16 (known) black holes in the Milky Way that are closer to Earth than the center of the galaxy, Sagittarius A *. The closest black hole to our planet, V616 Unicorn, is located about 3000 light years from Earth.
24. Supermassive black holes
The largest known type of black hole, a supermassive black hole is so large that it has many billions of times the mass of the Sun. Like nearly all large galaxies, the center of the Milky Way also contains a supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A *, which was discovered in 1974.
25 Extraterrestrial life
In April 2010, radio astronomers at the University of Manchester spotted an unknown object in the Cigar galaxy (Messier 82). The unknown object was sending radio waves that have never been seen in the known universe. Scientists still don't know what it was.
