The Year Without Summer is the nickname of 1816, in which unusually cold weather reigned in Western Europe and North America. Until today, it remains the coldest year since the beginning of documenting meteorological observations. In the United States, he was also nicknamed Eighteen hundred and frozen to death, which translates as "one thousand eight hundred frozen to death."
In March 1816, the temperature continued to be winter. In April and May there was an unnatural lot of rain and hail. In June and July, it was freezing every night in America. In New York and the northeastern United States, up to a meter of snow fell. Germany was repeatedly plagued by strong storms, many rivers (including the Rhine) overflowed their banks. Snow fell every month in Switzerland. The unusual cold has led to a catastrophic crop failure. In the spring of 1817, grain prices rose tenfold, and famine broke out among the population. Tens of thousands of Europeans, who were still suffering from the devastation of the Napoleonic Wars, emigrated to America.
It was only in 1920 that the American climate researcher William Humphreys found an explanation for the “year without summer”. He linked climate change to the eruption of the Tambora volcano on the Indonesian island of Sumbawa, the most violent volcanic eruption ever observed, directly costing 71,000 people, the highest death toll from a volcanic eruption in human history. Its eruption, which occurred in April 1815, numbered seven on the Volcanic Eruption Index (VEI), and a massive 150 km3 ash ejection into the atmosphere caused the effect of a volcanic winter in the northern hemisphere that was felt for several years.
There is information that after the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991, the temperature dropped by 0.5 degrees, which is the same after the eruption of Tambora in 1815.
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We should have observed in 1992 about the same phenomena throughout the northern hemisphere that are described as a "year without summer". However, there was nothing of the kind. And if you compare with other eruptions, you can see that they did not always coincide with climatic anomalies. The hypothesis is bursting at the seams. This is the “white thread” with which she is sewn.
And here's another oddity. In 1816, the climate problem happened precisely "throughout the Northern Hemisphere." But Tambora is located in the southern hemisphere, 1000 km from the equator. The fact is that in the Earth's atmosphere at altitudes above 20 km (in the stratosphere) there are stable air currents along the parallels. The dust, ejected into the stratosphere at an altitude of 43 km, was supposed to be distributed along the equator with a shift of the dust belt to the southern hemisphere. And what does the USA and Europe have to do with it?
Egypt, Central Africa, Central America, Brazil and, finally, Indonesia itself were supposed to freeze. But there, the climate was very good. It is interesting that just at this time, in 1816, in Costa Rica, which is located about 1000 km north of the equator, coffee began to be grown. The reason for this was: “… the perfect alternation of rainy and dry seasons. And, constant temperature throughout the year, which favorably affects the development of coffee bushes …"
And their business, you know, went well. That is, there was prosperity several thousand kilometers north of the equator. But further - a full "pipe". How is it interesting to know that 150 cubic kilometers of erupted soil jumped 5 … 8 thousand kilometers from the southern hemisphere to the northern, at an altitude of 43 kilometers, in spite of all longitudinal stratospheric currents, without spoiling the weather for the inhabitants of Central America? But all its terrible, scattering photons, impenetrability, this dust brought down on Europe and North America.
But the strangest thing about this worldwide swindle is the role of Russia. Even if you live half your life in archives and libraries, you will not find a word about the bad weather in the Russian Empire in 1816. We supposedly had a normal harvest, the sun was shining and the grass was green. We probably do not live in the Southern and not in the Northern Hemisphere, but in some third one.
Let's check ourselves for sobriety. It's about time, for we are facing a huge optical illusion. So, hunger and cold in Europe in 1816 … 1819 was! This is a fact confirmed by many written sources. Could this have bypassed Russia? It could, if the case concerned only the western regions of Europe. But in this case, one would definitely have to forget about the volcanic hypothesis. After all, stratospheric dust pulls along the parallels around the entire planet.
And, besides, the tragic events in North America are covered no less fully than in Europe. But they are still separated by the Atlantic Ocean. What locality can we talk about here? The event clearly affected the entire northern hemisphere, including Russia. An option when North America and Europe froze and starved for 3 years in a row, and Russia did not even notice the difference.
Thus, from 1816 to 1819, the cold really reigned in the entire northern hemisphere, including Russia, no matter what anyone said. Scientists confirm this and call the first half of the 19th century the "Little Ice Age". And here's an important question: who will suffer the most from the 3-year cold, Europe or Russia? Of course, Europe will cry louder, but Russia will suffer the most. And that's why. In Europe (Germany, Switzerland), the time of summer plant growth reaches 9 months, and in Russia - about 4 months. This means that we were not only 2 times less likely to grow sufficient reserves for the winter, but also 2.5 times more likely to die of hunger over a longer winter. And if in Europe the population suffered, then in Russia the situation was 4 times worse, and in terms of mortality as well. This is, if you do not take into account any magic. Well, what if?..
I offer readers a magical scenario. Suppose the existence of a wizard who twisted his staff and changed the movement of high-altitude winds so that the sun would not block us. But this option does not convince me. No, I believe in good wizards, but I do not believe in foreigners who have fled tens of thousands across the ocean, instead of calmly coming and staying in Russia, where it is so good, where they are always welcome, I don’t believe.
Apparently, after all, Russia was much worse than Europe. Moreover, it was our territory that was probably the source of climatic troubles for the entire hemisphere. And to hide this (someone needed it), all references to it were removed or reworked.
But if you think sensibly, how could this be? The entire northern hemisphere suffers from climatic anomalies and does not know what is wrong. The first scientific version appears only 100 years later, and it does not stand up to criticism. But the cause of the events must be located precisely at our latitudes. And if this reason is not observed in America and Europe, then where can it be if not in Russia? Nowhere else. And then the Russian Empire pretends that it does not know what it is about. And we did not see, and did not hear, and in general we are all right. Familiar behavior, and very suspicious.
Nevertheless, one should take into account the missing estimated population of Russia in the 19th century, numbering in the tens, and maybe hundreds of millions. They could die both from the very unknown cause that caused climate change, and from severe consequences in the form of hunger, cold and disease. And also let's not forget about the traces of widespread large-scale fires that destroyed our forests around that time.
As a result, the expression "age-old spruce" (centennial) bears an imprint of rare antiquity, although the normal life span of this tree is 400 … 600 years. And the numerous craters, identical to the traces of the explosions of nuclear weapons, can be ignored for now, since it is not possible to accurately establish their age.
Addendum: Dependence of average annual temperatures on powerful eruptions:
But scientists cannot find the reason for the cooling of 1258.
The mysterious eruption of 1258 excites volcanologists.
It is believed that air masses in different latitudinal hemispheres do not communicate with each other. Those. air from the southern hemisphere does not enter the northern and vice versa. That cannot be said about currents.
Questions, some questions …
Author: sibved