Since ancient times, the North has been shrouded in secrets. Adventure seekers, scientists, adventurers rushed there - in search of the "world tree", located, according to legends, in the Far North, unknown "Sannikov land", unknown islands.
Mystics believe that it is near the North Pole that the entrance to the legendary Hyperborea, Shambhala and even Plutonia is hidden from the uninitiated.
According to many legends and tales, in the North there was an entrance to the underworld, where the legendary tribes of the ancient inhabitants of the earth left. Mystics believe that it is near the North Pole that the entrance to the legendary Hyperborea, Shambhala and even Plutonia is hidden from the uninitiated. And recently one authoritative publication reported that "flying saucers" visit us not from space, but from underground, flying out of huge holes at the North Pole. In support of the version of life underground, facts are cited: when approaching the poles, the air becomes warmer, wood floats in the water, the compass behaves strangely.
BEAUTIFUL MYTH
People have been thinking about the possible life inside the Earth since the time of Plato, who believed that the Earth was permeated with tunnels and cavities. And the scientist Edmond Halley, studying the Earth's magnetic field, came to the conclusion that it varies slightly and, therefore, there must be several of them. From this it followed that inside the Earth there is another sphere with its own magnetic field. Then the idea of a "hollow Earth" was exploited for a long time by science fiction writers. In the Wachowski brothers' film "The Matrix", the remnants of humanity, after the civilization on Earth was destroyed during the war, built the city of Zion inside the planet, which was then defended from the attack of the Army of Machines. And many scientists have tried to prove the validity of the idea of a "hollow Earth" using various calculations and experiments.
But do not forget that the idea of voids inside the Earth came to us from ancient times. And even 75 years ago, the map of the "mysterious" North consisted of a third of white spots and one could make any assumptions.
“We, in the North, have no holes that could be entrances and exits to underground spaces,” says Mark Sadikov, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences. - There is the deep-sea part of the Arctic Ocean, where there are separate uplifts - ridges, between which there are deep hollows.
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“The only thing I can say,” continues Marina Tavrilo, researcher at the Department of Geography of Polar Countries in DENMARK, “that I myself was at the point of the geographic North Pole. And I didn't see any holes there. Even hints of holes! The North Pole is an ocean covered in ice, and that's for sure. For a long time they were looking for land, and in this regard, there were beautiful myths. But now, in the 21st century, this area is very well studied by modern methods, although 75 years ago people did not really know whether there was land there or not.
WHY THE ARROW GOES OUT OF MIND
The adherents of the "hollow earth theory" believe that it is confirmed not only by the existence of several magnetic fields (E. Halley). They say the aurora is gas seeping through the earth's thin crust at the planet's poles. In addition, supporters of this theory draw attention to the fact that the compass needle simply goes crazy in the area of the poles. Finally, many researchers have noted that warm winds blow from the north, confirming the existence of significant voids.
- Indeed, there are many magnetic fields. There are even magnetic fields reflecting sections of old platforms, says Mark Sadikov. - As for the winds, they can change depending on local conditions, and the difference in temperatures, of course, exists.
- There are two magnetic poles - south and north, and they move widely, - reminds Marina Tavrilo. - They were thoroughly studied and came to the conclusion that each pole is not constant and migrates quite actively. As for the northern lights, this is an amazing phenomenon. It arises from the glow of excited atoms in the upper layers of our atmosphere, it is concentrated in certain areas, in an oval-shaped belt located at some distance from the magnetic poles, where we see it. The astronauts observed that our entire Earth, like an aura, is enveloped in a glow, the very radiance that we see on earth only at the poles. The power of the polar lights has a tremendous effect not only on the psyche of people, it even causes interference in radio communications, which caused its close study.
It's normal for a compass needle to go crazy around the poles. I was at the point of the magnetic south pole, and we watched as the compass literally didn't know what to do. After all, the greatest intensity of the Earth's magnetic field is INSIDE the pole, where the arrow seeks to point.
According to M. Tavrilo, warm winds blow from the North, if there is open water in front of the vessel, naturally, it is warmer, and the wind can also be warm. There is also a certain zoning associated with local weather conditions. In the Northern Hemisphere, the cold pole is located in Yakutia, and in the Southern Hemisphere - at the Vostok station, where the lowest temperature was recorded - almost 90 degrees.
DEEPER - ONE RIDDLES
Most of the assumptions about the "hollow earth theory" are based not on scientific facts, but on guesswork. Therefore, serious modern scientists do not even want to comment on such theories. Which, in general, is quite understandable due to the high level of development of modern science. The North, about which there are various hypotheses, has been studied, if not thoroughly, then extremely thoroughly. What can I say if, in addition to monthly scientific expeditions, even foreign tourists are systematically sent there on icebreakers.
According to scientists, cavities inside the Earth can only exist in the form of karst caves. Although the supporters of the theory argue that when comparing the earth's surface area and the weight of the planet, the conclusion suggests itself that if the earth were a solid ball, it would weigh much more …
Marina Tavrilo also has an answer to this: “In this situation, it is necessary to use accurate calculations for various factors. At least take into account that inside the Earth is not a resting mass, but a moving one. A rough calculation can easily produce such a result.
Life inside the Earth is impossible not only because there are no spaces, but also because at certain depths pressure rapidly increases and temperature rises. For example, in Africa, a mine was laid only one kilometer deep. And people can be there only with refrigeration units - because of the extremely high temperature.
So, the “hollow earth theory” was extremely relevant, especially in those days when science was not yet as developed as it is now. But life goes on, and knowledge, supported by verified facts, is becoming more and more. However, people are not enough riddles on the surface of the Earth, and they are looking for them inside our planet. After all, the bowels of the earth have not been studied very well, especially after a two-kilometer depth.
The deeper layers of the lithosphere are a complete mystery. What is hidden in the great depths of the Earth - no one really knows. There may be plenty of surprises. And to dream and look for something new is inherent in human nature.