Continued, read the beginning: Empire of the Huns. Scythian trace. / Empire of the Huns. Help brothers Slavs!
T ak that did not seem enough …
One of the greatest armies of the East, came to the aid of her relatives who lived in the western provinces of Great Scythia. The Huns expelled the Germans from the lands of the Scythians, Slavs and Russians. Now their leaders decided to leave such a memory of themselves in the West so that greedy Europeans would not have a desire to encroach on the lands of Scythia and its allies for a long time.
They decided to stay and take a walk in the wealthy Roman provinces. See others, show yourself. It should be said in advance: they did it …
Huns' testimonies
Western historians, frightened and always envious of the military power of the East, spoke practically unchanged about the Huns, Mughal Tartars, Alans and other steppe horsemen: “They cannot speak or even walk, because they spend their entire lives in the saddle and even sleep on horseback - and this is the most harmless of the definitions.
Promotional video:
This is how the offended Europeans portrayed Attila - in the form of the devil.
In fact, the state of the Huns was never a disorderly horde of nomads. They had their own cities, and in them beautiful palaces. We can read a description of these palaces in the book "Getika" and in the writings of Priisk Paniysky, the ambassador of Rome. Attila's court was the focal point of European diplomacy; there they amused themselves with the antics of jesters and the conversations of the "philosophers."
Feast at Attila.
The educated Hunnic elite used writing, they had their own literary language. “Their expressive creations were admired not only by the circle of Attila, but also by the nobility of India and China. And because Europe did not know or was silent about these works, they did not get worse”(Murad Aji / Ajiev, 1944, writer, author of a series of books).
In 449, the Byzantine ambassador Priisk Panniy went to the king Attila. The diplomat was sure that he would see horse-skin tents and unwashed horsemen. He described the capital of the Huns in the following way: "… The city was built of wood. The royal palace with carved towers towered on the mountain. Guests were greeted with bread and salt, honey and kvass. And the girls in long dresses danced in round dances, celebrating the arrival of the guests …" ikamos or kama honey, made from barley, something like home brew or beer. At Attila's feasts, guests were served excellent dishes on silver platters … The feasting was served cups of gold and silver … Between the buildings there was a large bathhouse made of stone brought from afar … ".
Here is the full title of Attila transmitted by Iornand: "Attila of all Scythia is the only ruler in the world / Attila totius Scythiae solus in mundo regnator." Note that there is not a word about the Huns in the title!
Image of Attila, medieval engraving.
The beginning of glorious deeds
According to the chronicles, Attila was born on the Volga, Attila's great-grandfather was called Balamber. But if you read in a different transcription, it turns out Vladimir. Attila's brother was called Bled, in other sources - Vlad. And in the ancient Bulgarian chronicle "Gazi-Baraj tarikhi" it is written at all that the real name of Attila himself is Mstislav.
In 434, after the death of the Khagan Rua, Attila and his half-brother Bled came to power in the Hunnic empire. The first inherited the western part of his huge empire of the Huns, the second - the eastern one. The new Hunnic leaders immediately revised the treaty with the Byzantine emperor Theodosius II, who almost doubled the financial support of the Huns.
Beginning in 440, Attila, having moved his military headquarters to Pannonia (Hungary / Austria / Serbia), made one devastating raid after another. He captures the vast possessions of Byzantium in the Balkans, smashes Illyria, Thrace. Marcellinus Comitus in his chronicle under 447 left the following entry: "Attila wiped almost all of Europe into dust."
Poster for the movie * Attila the Conqueror *.
In May 447, the city of Attila approached the walls of Constantinople, but did not take the city. Having transferred troops to the Thracian Chersonesos, he defeated the second Byzantine army (militia), depriving the Empire of its military support. And only then, having seized all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire, he announced his (hardest) peace conditions.
The Franks, the Thuringians, and the Burgundians were conquered, and those who were not conquered entered into an alliance with him. Attila made it so that in 450, the sister of the new Roman emperor Honorius, sent him a ring with a proposal to take her as his wife. Thus, Attila became a contender for the Roman imperial throne.
Huns in the Roman Empire.
Greetings to you, scourge of God
In 451, the army of the Huns united with the allies, under the leadership of Attila, invaded Gaul, at Orleans they met the Roman army, reinforced by everyone whom the Romans could muster (even their enemies). One of the greatest battles of that era, turned out to be the most fierce and stubborn. At the end of the day, the regiments dispersed unable to continue the battle.
At dawn, the Visigoths and Romans began to leave their positions and retreat. Attila, noticing the withdrawal of the Roman army, remained in the camp for a long time, giving time to the soldiers for a short rest and reorganization, and then moved his troops after the Romans to the lands of the empire and destroyed many villages and cities.
* Meeting of Leo I with Attila *, fresco by Raphael.
The next year, the "defeated" Attila invaded northern Italy, devastating Venetia, Lombardy, Piedmont, Liguria, and dozens of cities. The Huns' march to the south of the Apennine Peninsula was delayed by an epidemic that happened in their troops. The emperor of the Western Roman Empire was ready for any concessions to Attila, including paying tribute for five years.
Realizing that they have only one chance, 70-year-old Pope Leo I was sent to Attila, who turned to the leader of the Huns like this: “Greetings, scourge of God. You have conquered almost the entire Universe, now we ask you, conquer yourself - by mercy to others. You have reached the highest degree of human greatness; now you have no choice but to become like God, who has mercy on the humble and obedient."
Given the epidemic among the troops, Attila favorably agreed to peace.