Under the pressure of facts, "experts" reluctantly agree that from the 7th century. BC e. and up to the IV century. n. e. from the Danube in the west to the Ordos plateau in the east, a "cultural and historical community called the Scythian-Siberian world" has developed in China. This world is "very similar archaeological cultures": the Sakas in Kazakhstan, the Savromats in the Trans-Volga and Southern Urals, the Pazyryk culture of the Altai Mountains, the Tagar culture in the Minusinsk depression, the culture of the Ordos plateau and other cultures. Here we can get acquainted with the gold products and weapons of the Siberian Scythians, with the reconstruction of Siberian warriors of different eras, learn about the homeland of the first war chariot, and also try to learn about the origin of our coat of arms - the two-headed eagle.
According to one of the legends, it is said that the first person on this earth to appear was a man named Targitai. His parents were Zeus and the daughter of the Borisfena River (Dnieper). They had three sons: Lipoksay, Arpoksay and Kolaksay. From the elder Lipoksai came the family of Scythians Avhats - priests, from Arpoksai came the Katiars and Traspians - farmers and cattle breeders, and from the younger Kolaksai - the royal paralats - warriors and kings. Together they are called chipped, after the name of the king. The Greeks called them Scythians. The territory of Scythia was divided by Kolaksai, originally into three kingdoms between his sons, and he made one of them the greatest: the one in which gold was kept. On some maps you can sometimes see the inscription: "vultures guarding gold".
Until now, artifacts are found on the territory of Siberia, confirming the former glory of the peoples inhabiting it. Could savages, barbarians, people who say incomprehensible things, almost like animals, have created such grace, such beauty? Of course not, these are people of high culture and we should be proud of our ancestors.
Siberia is the ancestral home of many peoples. For the first time, the culture of the Scythians became known precisely from the territory of Siberia, thanks to the fact that Peter I began to collect the Siberian collection of Scythian gold. It all began with the fact that Tsar Peter I (1689-1725) at the beginning of the 8th century received a collection of gold objects from Siberian burial mounds as a gift from Demidov. This event can be considered as a starting point in the study of the Scythians of Siberia, and it was this period that marked the beginning of the Siberian collection.
The first organized excavations of Scythian burials in Siberia were carried out during the reign of Peter I. He could not prohibit the looting of burials, because whole generations of hillocks had already formed, so he began to generously pay for the artifacts obtained. As a result, wonderful finds were discovered, made of precious metals, stored in the Hermitage in St. Petersburg.
Promotional video:
Thousands and thousands of Scythian burial mounds in Siberia were dug up and destroyed only during the 18th century. Priceless works of Scythian jewelers were mercilessly melted into gold and silver ingots. What is in the Hermitage is only a small part of the enormous wealth of the Siberian Scythians, most of the unique monuments of the Scythian culture have perished irretrievably. Not only items made of precious metals were destroyed, but unnecessary things were also thrown away. How many scientists and representatives of the authorities participated in this grandiose plunder is unknown, but they could not be indifferent to this, the amount of treasures was measured in tons. Of course, the Scythian history suffered, which, due to simple ignorance, lost some of the sources that can never be restored.
Hundreds of Scythian gold objects with Scythians depicted on them were found in the mounds. An insignificant part of the artifacts of the Scythian time also explains to us that their composition was multinational, just as in the times of the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union, and these small peoples have survived to this day.
In Siberian museums, thousands of objects of Scythian artistic bronze are stored, found at different times, starting from the 17th century. and until today. Numerous gold and silver jewelry comes from Siberian burial mounds. They can be seen in large quantities in the windows and in the storerooms of Russian museums in Omsk, Novosibirsk, Barnaul, Kemerovo, Abakan, Minusinsk, Kyzyl and other cities. A distinctive feature of the Scythians is deer plaques.
There are many of them in the museums of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Mongolia, China, Iran, Afghanistan, as well as European countries and the USA. Made in the typical manner of the Scythian "animal style", they leave no doubt about their belonging to the culture of the Scythian peoples. The collection of the “animal style” in the Hermitage makes it possible to appreciate the spiritual and artistic closeness of the images of a large group of peoples, which the Greeks called the Scythians and the Persians called the Saks.
The Scythian warriors had their own patron - a deer with branched horns, symbolizing speed, fiery tongues of flame and a shining sun. Deer plaques of Scythian warriors are found everywhere, almost on the entire Eurasian continent.
In Gorny Altai, at an altitude of 1600 meters above sea level, there is the Pazyryk tract, where mounds were discovered, under which the ancestral graves of noble warriors or tribal leaders who lived in the 5-2 centuries BC were buried.
In 1929, archaeologists under the leadership of academician S. I. Rudenko excavated 1 Pazyryk mound, a burial of the Scythian period. In 1947-1949. M. P. Gryaznov and S. I. Rudenko in the Pazyryk tract explored 5 more large mounds, striking in their size and antiquity. It became clear to the researchers of the mounds that the mounds had been robbed even in antiquity. The robbers entered the mound through a narrow manhole, over time the ceiling of the burial chamber collapsed, filling the room with logs of medium thickness, there were about 300 of them. A mound, 2.2 meters high and 47 meters in diameter, towered over the logs.
There is no permafrost in Gorny Altai, but water penetrated into the burial chamber and froze there for many millennia, preserving all the ancient contents of the burial, as in a freezer.
In the ice chamber, not only objects made of precious metals have been preserved, but also things made of wood, leather, wool, bone, hair, which do not survive to this day in other mounds. Even Scythian carpets with ancient mythical subjects have survived.
This carpet is the oldest of all. The woolen pile fabric is woven with the image of deer, horses, griffins.
In a wooden sarcophagus, the mummified bodies of a man - a noble warrior and a woman - are well preserved. The remains of horses were found in the mound, on the muzzles of four horses were wearing ritual leather masks with horns.
Reconstruction of the Siberian army of different eras is also interesting. Restored from archaeological finds of burials throughout Siberia.
1) Kulaysky taiga leader; 2) Warrior VI-IX centuries. Tomsk Ob region; 3) Warrior of the Ust-Ishim culture of the taiga Irtysh region of the VIII-XII centuries. (An ordinary taiga warrior of the Viking age). Reconstruction based on the materials of the sites of the Omsk Irtysh and Lower Ob regions.
4) Heavily armed warrior VIII-XII centuries. Reconstruction based on materials from the Middle Ob region.
5) II-IV centuries. Reconstruction based on materials from the Sidorovsky and Isakovsky burial grounds. Omsk Priirtyshie.
6) Warrior of the Karasuk era.
Below in the figure is a chariot warrior of the Andronovo culture. Mid 2nd millennium BC e. Judging by the ammunition, the Siberian climate was still warm.
In the Petrine-Sintashta culture (7-6 centuries BC), studied since the late 60s in the interfluve of Tobol and Ishim, the burials of priests and male warriors are distinguished. Two-wheeled war chariots were installed in their graves, and two dead draft horses were laid along the sides of the grave pits. The buried are accompanied by rich sets of copper and bronze tools, weapons, horse equipment and jewelry.
It is here that the birthplace of the war chariot is located. In the second millennium BC. e., begins a massive movement of the Siberian peoples in the eastern direction. It occurs somewhat to the south - along the open steppe and forest-steppe spaces of Siberia - and is associated with the appearance of the Andronov culture on the historical arena of cattle-breeding tribes. They received this name from the location of the monuments they left on this territory - near the village of Andronovo, Uzhursky District (Krasnoyarsk Territory). The Andronovites, who were a union of numerous kindred Caucasian tribes, can be defined as a cultural and historical community. They knew how to breed purebred sheep, draft bulls, swift and hardy horses. It is they, the very ancient Aryans, their cultural Scythian community is known as the ancient Indo-Aryan civilization,which subsequently gave rise to the development of all the empires of the Aryan circle, Indian civilization, many modern peoples of Europe and Russia.
The Andronovo tribes had countless herds of horses and harnessed them to war chariots. This is what determined the fighting power of the Aryan tribes, who conquered half of the ancient world on horseback and in chariots. It was from the regions of the Urals and Western Siberia that the Aryan tribes began their conquest to the south: to Iran, India and the Middle East.
The reasons that caused such a powerful migration are not fully clear, but most researchers are inclined to think that abrupt climate changes forced people to leave their habitable places in search of new fertile lands. Some scientists attribute this to the eruption of the Santorini volcano, as one of many, but the most powerful of the recent migrations. (See also the post: "Ancient history of Tajiks").
The rapid advancement of the ancient Aryans, their military successes, were facilitated, as I have already noted, by a new military technique - chariots. Designed initially for steppe hunting, to manage herds of thousands, they became the oldest, if not even the first, military "machines". There is an opinion (in particular, the authoritative archaeologist, researcher of Eastern antiquities G. Childa) that in their tactical use the chariots of that time are comparable to modern tanks.
The horses were harnessed to chariots for the most part, in a pair: the left, driven by the charioteer - the root, the right - the trailing one. Three horses were also practiced - only unlike the famous postal ones, here two horses were under the yoke, and the third was attached. There were also fours - quadrigi.
Thanks to the appearance of war chariots, the speed of movement of the troops increased more than 10 times. However, the chariot was a danger only in motion. War wagons could not stop in battle, for they were very vulnerable to enemy arrows and spears. As soon as one horse was injured, the entire crew turned into a defenseless target.
Many centuries later, the war chariot still remained the most formidable weapon.
The culture of the Andronovites-Siberians preserved knowledge about the Arctic, about the great flood, about the "prehistoric history" of mankind, about the great migration. The Scythians, Saks, Sarmatians, Huns, etc., once had one historical homeland and on the example of the Huns (Huns) we can trace one of the many examples of migrations.
The famous Byzantine historian Procopius of Kessarii wrote about the Huns that the Hephthalites were the people of the “Unn tribe. Of all the Unns, they alone are white in body and not ugly in face "and also that" they are not nomads, like other Unn tribes, but from ancient times their ancestors occupied a fertile country. " As we already know, this country is Cheese Earth, Serik, Siberia. The state of the Hephthalites (from the Syr Darya to the Arabian Sea) existed from the 5th to the 8th centuries, and the history of the Hunnic tribes in India has very bright pages.
The heroic pages of the history of India are associated with the tribes (varnas, castes) of the Rajputs, the descendants of the Hephthalites-Chionites, Avars. Rajputs are the children of kings.
The word earth in the Rajput languages. From the list of Swadesh of Rajasthani dialects.
For more than a thousand years (V century BC - VIII century AD) on the vast territory of Eurosiberia, Central and South Asia, there was a community of peoples, named from the word "cheese" (ser). Let's list these peoples: Savromats, Sarmatians, Savirs, Syryans, Serbs. All these are the ancestors of numerous ethnic groups, the largest of which is the Slavs.
The history of the Rajput varnas in India also confirms the theory of the exodus of the Proto-Slavs from Siberia. The ethnonymy of the Rajput varnas and clans, the toponyms of the northern regions of India is a vivid and sufficient confirmation of this.
In the Russian North, there is the Lakshma River. Lakshmi is the Vedic Goddess of Fortune. Ganges is the name of a sacred river in Northern India. In the Arkhangelsk region there is the Ganga river and the Gango lake. In addition, in the Russian North there are Gangreks and two more Gangoser. You can learn more about this from the candidate of historical sciences, ethnologist, Zharnikova Svetlana Vasilievna. The main circle of her scientific interests: “The Arctic ancestral home of the Indo-Europeans; the Vedic origins of the North Russian folk culture; archaic roots of the North Russian ornament; Sanskrit roots in the topo and hydronymy of the Russian North”, etc.
Coat of arms of the Tomar Rajputs:
The Tomarov coat of arms includes several symbols of modern Siberia at once: a bow and arrow is present on the coat of arms of Siberia; horse is a symbol of Tomsk.
It turns out that the language of the Indo-Europeans - Sanskrit, is very similar to the Old Slavic. Some researchers directly say that Sanskrit is the ancient language of the Russian civilization, or the Aryans, those who in ancient times moved to the territory of modern India. But people are often deliberately confused, dividing the Russians and the Aryans into two different ethnic groups. To make it finally clear, I will say that the Aryans are the people who stood at the origins of Russian civilization and is its ancestor, as well as many other peoples. In those days they were called somewhat differently - the Turs or Scythians, and the land on which they lived - Red Turan, and later Great Scythia. And today you and I live on this legendary land, the memory of which is kept in the epic and myths of many nations. What language did Turanians, Siberian Scythians or Andronovites speak, we can find outcomparing Russian words and Sanskrit.
And here's another interesting point, a double-headed eagle on an ancient gravestone in India.
It holds the sun in one paw, and a month in the other, these are ancient symbols of Vedic Russia.
Fragment of the Yaroslavl icon "Battle of Kulikovo", Mongols-Tatars with the banner of Perun, with the same symbols - month and yarilo.
Elephants are in the clutches of the Indian eagle. Does the two-headed eagle on the coat of arms of Russia come from India?
Or Byzantium? …
The coat of arms of Byzantium in 1261, adopted by Ivan III Vasilyevich from the Paleologues in 1497.
Could the two-headed eagle come from America?
Or maybe the Russian coat of arms from Asia? …
Seljuk tiles in Turkey depicting a two-headed eagle.
The oldest image of a two-headed eagle. Asia Minor. Hatussa. Kingdom of the Hittites. More than 3 thousand years BC In the paws of the eagle - hares.
The image below shows a hero slaying a dragon. Hittite image. There is a two-headed eagle on the helmet. And the Hittites or Hittites, as you know, fought with Egypt and the people of Israel. This is reflected in the Old Testament, in the laws of sacred war, chapter 20. Our ancestors were unlucky to live on the lands that were promised to Abraham and his descendants (Gen. 15: 18-21). Within the limits of the residence of Canaan, no one could be spared, as listed in verse 17, the six nations were to be destroyed. According to the Bible, the Hittites came from Anatolia, and in Genesis 23, for example, Ephron the Hittite is mentioned.
Hittite warriors wore forelocks or, as they say, a settled person, just like our Cossacks, but if you remember that the Cossacks are the heirs of the Scythians, then there is nothing surprising here.
Hittite Cossacks?
The exact origin of the homeland of the two-headed eagle is unknown, but it appeared on the territory of Russia long before its official adoption.
Coats of arms of old Siberia:
On the legend of the Old Believers and the Ancient Runic Chronicles - Ynglings, the main conclusion can be drawn - Pyatirechye and Belovodye are synonyms indicating the same territory.
Belovodye on the map of Remezov:
Pyatirechye is the land washed by the rivers Iriy - Belaya Voda (Irtysh), Ob, Yenisei, Angara and Lena. Later, when the glacier retreated, the Clans of the Great Race settled along the Ob, Ishim and Tobol rivers. Thus, Pyatirechye became Semirechye. Pyatirechye (Semirechye) had other ancient names - the Land of the Holy Race and Belovodye. This Light Russia is the Siberian land.
Let us return from the ancient coat of arms of Belovodye to its ancient warriors. In the pictures below, on a platter, we see a Siberian horseman - a hero, as if descended from Pushkin's fairy tales, and their weapons.
An accidental rare unique find. High quality casting. The butt part of the ax is reinforced with a pommel in the form of a stylized griffin's head. The stylization is very strong, up to geometric shapes.
Bronze spearheads. Mid 2nd millennium BC e. Burial ground Rostovka. Omsk Priirtyshie. Western Siberia. Excavations by V. I. Matyushchenko. MAES TSU.
Here is what is interesting, the Leningrad archaeologist L. Khlobystin found in the north of Taimyr the remains of smelters and traces of settlements of people who lived there several thousand years ago. On this occasion, he wrote a book: "The ancient history of the Taimyr Arctic and the formation of cultures in the North of Eurasia."
It turns out that L. P. Khlobystin discovered not "smelters" in Taimyr, but a whole mining and metallurgical region. At the service of metallurgists, the local nature has provided such a large copper deposit, which was not found anywhere else in the ancient world. The Tereyskoye deposit of realgar-orpiment ores in Taimyr has a hurricane content of silver and gold (up to 5 kg per ton). It also gives the mineral additives necessary for the successful production of bronze: mercury, antimony and arsenic. The copper ore deposit on the Kharayelakh plateau has scattered copper-bearing horizons for tens of kilometers, where native pieces of copper weighing up to five kilograms simply lie underfoot or fall out of the coastal cliffs and “gather like mushrooms”.
Ancient craftsmen simply threw rejected bronze items into slag dumps, which was not observed anywhere in the world. L. P. Khlobystin found in only one dwelling on Ust-Polovinka 12 single forms - "flax", in which 14 kg of bronze could be melted. And there were dozens of such dwellings-workshops on Taimyr! From 14 kg of bronze, 1400 arrowheads or 700 knife handles could be made. It is clear that the finished bronze ingots were also intended for mass sale (or exchange), which indicates established trade relations, and to provide military paraphernalia.
In the Tyumentsevsky district, one of the local residents discovered a Scythian sword. The weapon consists of three layers of iron, the middle of which is the most durable. Probably, the sword was in some kind of burial, and during the burial ritual it was bent. When the villagers found the sword, they tried to straighten it, possibly with a hammer, which damaged it badly. There are only 10 such swords found in the former USSR. In Siberia, this find is one of the few that is of great value, experts say.
It is still not known exactly which of the residents of the Tyumentsevsky district discovered the sword. According to some reports, one of the schoolchildren brought this find to a local museum, according to others - a shepherd.
Archaeologists have determined that this edged weapon was forged either in the 6th or early 5th century BC. Its belonging to the Scythian culture is indicated by images of griffins preserved on a hilt inlaid with gold. Griffins are Hyperborean symbols, which were preserved by the Aryan peoples.
Dagger. Bronze. Monument to Luscus I (settlement). Excavations by V. V. Bobrov, 1978 Irmen culture, X - VII centuries. BC e. right bank of the river Tom, on a cape at the mouth of the river. Luskus, which flows into the river. Tom is above the village of Krasnaya.
You can learn more about the Scythian culture by looking at the posted post: “Gold of the Scythians of Siberia, Europe and Asia. History (1 and 2 parts).
The Scythians in Siberia developed trade, land and water trade routes along the Siberian and European rivers, the North, Caspian and Black seas. In addition to wheeled carts and war chariots since the time of Prometheus, the Scythians built flax-winged sea and river ships at the shipyards of the Yenisei, Ob, Volga, at the mouth of the Pechora, etc. Much later, Genghis Khan took craftsmen from these places to build his fleet (to conquer Japan). For Tamerlane, Siberia supplied the best warriors and war horses, so far on many coats of arms of Siberian cities, there is a horse, which was compared to the sun and deified. Even Peter I took timber for military shipbuilding from Siberia.
I will say more, the city of Venice, located in the north-east of Italy, arose in the 5th century. AD So, the piles of the city of Venice are Siberian cedar and larch.
The question arises, what did the Huns who came from distant Siberia do - "oppressed the local tribes" or supplied them with pile timber? Or maybe they, together with the "local tribes" - the Veneti (Slavs), developed their land, which their ancestors left in ancient times. Probably it was. Who will be six thousand (!) Versts to haul wood for "someone else's uncle" ?!
The ancient Greeks ranked 55 peoples as Scythians, belonging to different anthropological and linguistic groups. The main languages of the Scythians are Slavic, Turkic and Finno-Ugric. But they were all united by spiritual unity. This included, for example, the Arimasps, Boudins, Gelons, Isidons, Cimmerians, Roxalans, Sarmatians, Huns, Celts, etc. The relationship between the languages of the Hellenes and the Scythians is explained by the fact that more than 4 thousand years ago they lived constantly side by side in Siberia.
I cannot mention one circumstance. Once these peoples migrated to Europe and created their own community on this territory, called Gaul.
All of them were united by one common language. The people who are talking, talking, the Gali are the Slavs, the people of the word, they put a cockerel on the weathercocks and coats of arms, the symbol of the sun and the voice (galus). Remember, the entrance to Europe is Port Galia (Portugal), then Galicia; the center of Galia itself is France; Switzerland - Geletika, they still write Geletika on their coins. Further, part of Germany - Galstinia with the city of Halle; part of Italy; Balts - Latgale; Turkey - Galatia; Israel - Galilee. Further Galicia is a part of Poland, Hungary, Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Russia.
From this it becomes clear why the kings of France before the 16th century, when entering the kingdom, took an oath in the Glagolic Gospel.
Remember the last words of Christ on the cross. Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani.
(Mar.15: 34) - Eloi! Eloi! lamma sawahfani. Oh my God! Oh my God! why you left me.
(Mat.27: 46) - and about the ninth hour, Jesus cried out in a loud voice: Eli, Or! lama sawahfani.
According to the consonance of Eloi and Eli and Elijah, some of those who stood at the cross of the Lord, when He uttered the aforementioned words, in a stinging mockery of the Divine Sufferer, "said: He is calling Elijah."
In the Carpathians, at the funeral of the Lemke people, you can hear how a widow will mourn her husband with the words: ele, ele, leme of savokhstan. God, god, why did you leave me.
Approximately the same, it will sound in the ancient languages of the Slavic peoples of Europe, with the same meaning. Now it becomes clear what language Christ spoke and who he was for the Slavic people.
In 1552 Ivan the Terrible ordered to draw up the "Big Drawing" of the Russian land. Soon such a map was drawn up, but during the Time of Troubles it disappeared, and the description of the lands was preserved. Also during the Time of Troubles, obrus disappeared from Russia, a fabric folded in four, where on the upper part there was an image of the face of Jesus Christ, which was wrapped around it after being taken from the cross. Later the Obrus appeared in Europe and became known as the Turin Shroud. It was from this holy relic that our ancestors put the image of Christ on banners, standards, banners and went into battle against the enemy. Now this face of Christ is known to us as the Savior Not Made by Hands.
It becomes clear why our ancestors went to die with the name of Christ on their lips, defending their land. We went into battle with standards, banners on which the face of Christ was depicted, known to us as the Savior Not Made by Hands. It was later in Russia that crosses with a crucifix began to appear, and our kindred Galicians in Ukraine, in the final result, were played off with us and they now consider us their worst enemies, but this is another topic.
Let's continue.
Ancient written sources report that the Celtic-Scythians, Hyperboreans and other peoples traditionally held sports games and competitions. Initially, their organizers were Dactyls - priests for physical education (Hercules-Doktili and Hercules-Doktili). The organization of the first sports games dates back to the period of the Golden Age, when Kron (Zeus' father) ruled, who is buried on the Bely Island, near Yamal. The Greeks themselves, despite the seemingly equal attitude to all stages of their mythological history, consider the period when Cronus and Rhea ruled everything as a golden age. According to legends, then people themselves were in many ways similar to gods - they did not know grief and losses, time was not so powerful over them, there was no need to work in constant tension, the souls of all living had purity, and the mind had extraordinary clarity and shrillness. But the son of Zeus, in the struggle for power, sends Father Crohn to the homeland of his ancestors, to the Gloomy Tartarus, where night surrounds this country in three rows, i.e. to Siberia, to the North.
These sports games came to Greece about four thousand years ago together with the Hellenes who came here from Siberia, from the lands of the legendary Prahafins. The Olympic Games in Greece were founded by Hercules (Heracles) - Doktilus, and it was he who brought the wild olive from the lands of the Hyperboreans. Magic items and amulets dedicated to Hercules-Doktilus are widely used by sorcerers who do not care about other Hercules, including Hercules (son of Alcmene), who killed his children, wife and many other innocent people.
The main centers for holding sports games among the Scythians were: in the Carpathians (in the north of Moldova); in the southern Urals; near the capital of the Massagets to the north of the river. Sarysu; near the Ob, south of Nizhnevartovsk; near the Yenisei, about 300 km south of Turukhansk; on Taimyr, etc. The success in sporting events was certainly no less impressive than in Greece.
From all of the above, we can conclude that the entire culture of the ancient world was created by our common ancestors, who came from the common bosom - from the territories of present Siberia, in the past Great Scythia and Great Turan. Today historians do not recognize the origin of the so-called "Western culture" from our common ancestors, for example, from the Etruscans or from the Scythians. They generally called the Hellenes Greeks, and they count all the antiquity among them. So let them then explain how the ancient Greeks got to Siberia, Altai, Mongolia, North China, Primorye, where all the artifacts found constitute one style, one culture, one community.
Mighty Scythia in the 5th century BC. consisted of 7 main Scythian kingdoms, stretching in a wide strip from the Carpathians to Lake Baikal. Its southern borders were: north of the Black Sea; north of the Caspian Sea, Aral; south of Balkhash and Baikal (see diagram). Scythia was on the border of two worlds with different lifestyles: southern and mysterious northern. The following main kingdoms were part of Scythia (see map).
The cities of the Scythians and their neighbors that existed before the new era (according to Koltsov I. E.)
1 - Dnieper Scythians; 2 - neurons; 3 - agathirs; 4 - androphages; 5 - melanchlens; 6 - gelons; 7 - boudins; 8 - Sarmatians; 9 - brands; 10 - tissagets; 11 - irks; 12 - breakaway Scythians; 13 - argippaeus; 14 - Issedones; 15 - arimasp; 16 - Hyperboreans; 17 - ancestors of the Kalmyks; 18 - massagets; 19 - royal Scythians; 20 - Yenisei Scythians; 21 - Scythians of Indigir; 22 - Trans-Volga Scythians; 23 - Volga-Don Scythians.
Borders of Scythia in the 5th century BC e. (according to Koltsov I. E.)
1 - Royal Scythians, Dnieper (with nomads and plowmen) lived between the Carpathians and the Don, with the center north of Putivl near the river. Diet.
2 - The Volga-Donskys lived between the lower reaches of the Don and the Volga with the center at Elista.
3 - Trans-Volga Scythians lived between the Volga and the northern Aral, with the center at the source of the Small and Big Uzen rivers (east of Lake Baskunchak).
4 - The Massagets lived between the southern Urals and Balkhash, adjacent to the Irtysh. The center was 200 km west of Karaganda and 80 km north of the river. Sarysu.
5 - Royal Scythians, Priobsky, lived between Irtysh and Ob, with the center between Irtysh and the source of the Vasyugan river.
6 - The Yenisei Scythians lived on both sides of the Yenisei and Angara. The center was located on the Angara River, east of Yeniseisk.
7 - The royal Scythians, who broke away from the Priobskys, lived between the r. Pechora and the Subpolar Urals with access to the r. Ob. The center was at the r. Ilych (a tributary of the Pechora).
Naturally, the steppe and forest-steppe zone of continental Eurasia, homogeneous in the climatic sense, was inhabited by a single "Great Scythian" people. Further to the north, up to the Arctic Ocean, a completely different natural zone stretched: forest and tundra. It was inhabited by other, Scythian and non-Cythian peoples: the area of coniferous forests of the extreme north from the Baltic to the Ural-Finno-Ugric; Northern Siberia - Paleo-Asians, whom ancient historians called "Scythians-Hyperboreans", and later all of them - Aryans. The Siberian peoples, who had not yet adopted Christianity, were also called the Tatars, and therefore in the annals, corrected much later, they are constantly referred to as Siberian Tatars. Tata Ra, "Tata" - Father, "Ra" - the Radiance of the Most High, emitted by the Yarila-Sun, ie sun worshipers, pagans, trash-poogni (fire-worshipers) as opposed to Russian Christians,who knew the "true" God of Israel.
Table of religions by language from volume 79 of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897, Tomsk province. At the time of 1897, the Tatars of the Tomsk province were still pagans by 27 percent.
The strong military power of the Scythians could be formed only on the strong socio-economic basis of their kingdoms. They had such a base. More than 2.5 thousand years ago, the Scythian lands had a warmer climate, the Scythians had developed agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing, the production of textiles, cloth and leather goods, metal products, ceramics, wood, military equipment and gold jewelry. The products of the Scythians in their level and quality were in no way inferior to the Greek, it is understandable that the Greeks themselves, or rather the Hellenes, are the breakaway Scythians. But scientists today give out many Scythian jewelry exclusively as Greek, even those that are found in Asia, Siberia, and Altai. The Scythians fully provided themselves with everything they needed. They conducted underground mining of gold, silver, copper, iron and other minerals. The main gold mining was carried out in places where pluton streams emerge, which were guarded by mysterious griffins. Casting production among the Scythians was at a high level.
The Scythians created jewelry of unique skill from gold and silver, transmitting information about themselves through them. Their products adorn museums around the world. The Siberian collection of Peter I alone is striking in its magnificence. The Scythians knew the secrets of the preparation of healing ointments, drinking and other mysteries of healing, the knowledge of which was multiplied from generation to generation. A great contribution to medicine is made by Prometheus and his son Asclepius, who are Scythians.
Lively trade routes from China, India, Persia to the northern regions and Europe ran through the lands of Scythia along the Yenisei, Ob, Volga, Dnieper, North Seas, which functioned until the 17th century. AD Then on their shores there were cities with temples and noisy bazaars. The Chinese have established intensive relations with Siberian lands as early as the 2nd century BC, during the Elder Han dynasty. Archaeological sites of this period in the Minusinsk Basin contain Chinese imported items in the collections of finds: bronze mirrors, lacquered boxes, umbrellas, daggers in lacquered sheaths, and so on.
But let's get back closer to our times.
During the excavation of the Timiryazev archaeological complex, Tomsk scientists found a bronze plaque depicting a winged bear with a bird's head, which belongs to the Relka culture of the 6th-9th centuries.
This image is quite realistic. Before us is a rider with an uncovered head and loose hair. He has a sword in his hand. The horse has a combed mane, this detail distinguishes the decoration of the horses of the forest population from the steppe. VII-VIII centuries Shutovskoe cult place. Tomsk Ob region.
Saber and broadswords of the early Middle Ages. VI-VIII centuries.
In Siberia, in the summer of 1975, during excavations near the village of Starye Karachi, Novosibirsk region, an ancient Russian iron sword was found. V. I. Molodin attributed it to the XII-XIII centuries.
After restoration:
In the upper third of the blade, abridged dedicatory inscriptions to the Virgin Mary are inlaid in silver on both sides. On one half of the sword - “N-omine- M-atris- S-alva-t-oris- Et-erni- D-omini- S-alvatores- Eterni” and “C-hris-t- us- Ih-thus- t-us "-" In the name of the Mother of our eternal Savior, the Lord Eternal Savior. Christ Jesus Christ "; on the other - “N-omine- O- mnipotentis- M-ater- E-terni N-omin-e” - “In the name of the Almighty. Mother of God. In the name of the Eternal”. Such inscriptions on the blades are characteristic of the era of the Crusades. The weapon belongs to the group of swords of Carolingian origin.
The sword most likely ended up in Western Siberia thanks to trade links. So back in the 30-50s of the XII century, Abu Hamid al-Garani, traveling through the Russian lands, reports that the eastern blades were brought by merchants to northern Ugra. It was here, in the north, that the ancient route from Rus to the Ob region passed, which was called the Zyryanskaya road, or the Russian tesa. This path operated in the XII century and is documented, according to V. P. Darkevich, from the finds of denarii, grivnas, silver vessels and other objects.
In the Ob region, the products of Western gunsmiths are more and more often found, which compete with the products of the local arms craft. We all remember the Austro-Hungarian troops, their grandfathers also wore such sabers.
Sabers of this type are not uncommon among finds in the taiga Ob region. Pay attention to the ancient Russian symbols - yarilo, month, star, they also belonged to the Cossacks. In the West at that time, in cathedrals and monasteries, one could see the same symbols. Let's remember that in the center of Vienna there is a huge Christian (today Catholic) Gothic Cathedral of St. Stephen, built, as it is believed, in the XII-XV centuries. Its central stone tower is 137 meters high, along with an imperial eagle topped with a cross. But until 1685 on the spire of the cathedral there was a crescent moon with an eight-pointed star inscribed in it. This can be clearly seen in the medieval city plan of Vienna.
All these territories were under the control of the Cossacks, it was they who were called Tatars or Tatar-Mongols. Therefore, the weapons of both Europe and Siberian Tartaria were in free movement among the Cossacks, who moved across all these territories. Part of the Siberian Ruthenian Cossacks of that time adhered to the Vedic worldview, Christianity and Islam, and therefore they were terrible and incomprehensible for Europe. But the schism in religion gradually made its own adjustments. So gradually the European "traders" put the ancestors of the free Scythians - the Cossacks - at their service, introducing them into the bosom of the European Christian civilization, and the understandable language of communication for all was replaced by a dead language - Latin. So the European peoples were finally separated from their ancestral home, once the Great Scythia.
Author: VITYAZ-V
