The writing of Charles Darwin turned the scientific paradigm of the world upside down. Thanks to the researches of the scientist, mankind rethought its origin and took a fresh look at the history of the Earth. Of course, like any scientific theory, Darwin's concept generated a huge amount of controversy, which affected not only narrow scientific circles.
Few people know that literally six months later, the German evolutionist Wagner Moritz put forward an interesting hypothesis. According to Wagner's hypothesis, the history of the origin of mankind must be viewed from two opposite sides. After all, he speaks of the existence of the so-called extratropical breed of mankind, which originated in the harsh northern lands, far from the equator. He substantiates his assumptions with many artifacts that he managed to collect in the northern regions of our planet. The two theories competed for a long time, until the first African man was discovered. This find completely destroyed the theory of Wagner and his followers, for many decades the existence of this concept was forgotten. However, the discovery made in 1985 allowed scientists to recall Wagner's ideas.
New artifact - revival of the "old" theory
In 1985, on the territory of Yakutia, scientists discovered strange stones with distinct traces of primitive processing, which belonged to our distant ancestors. The real sensation was not the discovery of the artifacts, but their age. During the examination, it was possible to establish that the primitive tools of labor are more than 3 million years old. It turns out that the most ancient man on the planet could live in Yakutia. Until this moment, Africa was considered the ancestral home of mankind, it was there that the traces and remains of the most ancient intelligent creature on the planet, who lived about 2 million years ago, were found.
The surviving remains of an African man make it possible to restore the appearance of the progenitor. It turned out that the distant ancestor of man was not much different from modern monkeys, except that he could already walk upright and make primitive tools of labor that greatly facilitated his existence in the wild expanses of the continent. And now, the first ancient instruments of labor, stone products were found in Yakutia not far from the village of Dühring Yuriang. The heads of some scientists began to spin, especially from the age of the finds, the traditional ideas about the origin of the first civilizations on our planet required significant adjustments in case of confirmation of the authenticity of the found artifacts.
Indeed, according to the well-established scientific concept, man originated from the African continent, and the remains of the most ancient "stone" civilization were also discovered there. The discovery made in the north of Russia simply turned over the idea of the scientific world regarding the ancestral home of man. There is a high probability that people originated from Yakutia.
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Expedition to the mountains
After the discovery of the first artifacts, an expedition of archaeologists was urgently organized. The members of the expedition had to make great efforts to find traces of the activities of ancient people. The researchers had to carry out excavations on an area of over 4 hectares. As a result, 4 stone sarcophagi with the remains of ancient people were discovered, as well as various instruments dating back to the Paleolithic period. Unfortunately, all found artifacts belonged to the late Paleolithic period and were dated to about 15-25 thousand years BC. Such a find slightly disappointed the researchers, as the head of the expedition, Professor Yuri Molchanov, admitted after the dating of the finds was made, many members of the group noticeably diminished their enthusiasm. Some members of the expedition began to talk about the need to curtail the expedition. However, further findings forced even the most pessimistic archaeologists to reconsider their opinion.
The homeland of the ancient man - Yakutia
A few days later, one of the search groups managed to find a place for a possible camp of primitive people, and after that, artifacts began to be removed from the ground almost one by one. In total, 25 unique tools were raised, which were significantly older than all previous finds. At a depth of one meter near the mouth of the river, deposits were discovered not only for ready-made tools, but also blanks for the future inventory of primitive man. The primitive people chose flint or quartz as the material for their tools, a material that for a long time may not deform under negative natural processes.
After such a dizzying discovery, comprehensive research began, including not only radiocarbon analysis, but also the collection of soil samples by biologists. As well as the search by botanists for even minor remains of plants, pollen or seeds in the historical ground where artifacts were found. The combination of these methods made it possible to establish that the finds are approximately 3.2 to 2.5 million years old. Thus, we can safely declare that the site excavated by archaeologists under the leadership of Professor Molchanov is much older than the Olduvai site in Africa.
Two-legged beasts
After a long study of the artifacts, there was no doubt that archaeologists had found exactly primitive tools. However, the question arose, how could a person exist in such harsh northern latitudes? And most importantly, why did he not leave this halo of existence, trying to find more comfortable conditions for life?
These questions have troubled researchers for a long time. The answers were simple. Professor Yuri Molchanov devoted a long time to solving this problem. He came to the conclusion that the climate in the middle of the Miocene, about 19 million years ago on the territory of modern Yakutia, did not differ significantly from the natural conditions of the equatorial part of the planet. Various findings of geologists speak in the same favor.
It can be assumed that the region where the finds were made was covered with dense forests. Everything testifies to the fact that our distant ancestors could not yet leave the familiar forests for primates for a long time, but were already able to make the simplest tools. Over time, the climate began to deteriorate, snow and cold appeared, and as a result, hunger and uncomfortable living conditions. In this tough natural selection, some branch of primates had to adapt to new conditions and intensify their intellectual activity in order to survive in new conditions. It was the gradual deterioration of the climate and the lack of food that caused the human ancestors to develop. It may seem cruel, but all those who could not adapt to the new conditions of life simply died.
Thus, the discovery made in Yakutia really turns the modern understanding of the development of civilization upside down. After all, it was the difficult living conditions that became the stone that pushed the primate to develop daily, fighting for its existence. It is sad, but it was hunger, cold and daily dangers that made modern man. Only thanks to daily development our ancestors were able to survive and preserve the species.