The basis of the Arctic theory was laid by the book of the North American historian Warren "Paradise Found, or the Cradle of Humanity at the North Pole" (1893).
Warren suggested looking for the ancestral home of all ethnic groups in the Arctic. The most detailed descriptions of the Arctic are contained in the oldest literary monuments of mankind - in the Indian Vedas. This conclusion was reached by the Sanskritologist and historian Bal Gangadhar Tilak (1856 - 1920), who wrote his book "The Arctic Homeland in the Vedas" (1903).
It is recognized that all ten books (mandalas) of the most ancient of the Vedas - the Rig Veda - were written in the III-II millennium BC. already in India. How many centuries before was the Veda transmitted by word of mouth? Hindus believe that the brahmanas received the truth of the Vedas from the gods and passed them on as oral tradition from one generation to another. Thus, one should come to the conclusion that the Rig Veda could have been created by the Aryans back in the Polar region. It reflected all the natural phenomena characteristic of the Arctic region. So, in the Rig Veda (X, 89, 2,4) it says:
2. This Surya (embraced) wide open spaces around.
Let Indra turn him like the wheels of a chariot, (This) does not stop, like an active stream.
He killed the black darkness with (his) brilliance.
4. For Indra I sing songs of praise - water, Promotional video:
Flowing in a continuous stream from the ocean floor
(For the one) who (on their own) set apart
Heaven and earth are like wheels with an axle. *
We see that the sky is likened to a wheel on an axis, it turns like a "chariot wheel", therefore it can be compared only with the celestial sphere visible at the North Pole. Also in the Rig Veda (I, 24, 10), the stars are described as standing in the sky, that is, not going beyond the horizon line:
There are those stars that are fortified at the top -
They are visible at night. Where do they go during the day? *
We - people of modern society - rarely cast our gaze at the starry sky. Many of us living in southern latitudes, far from the Arctic Circle, do not know that many stars have their own sunrise and sunset. The picture of the night sky with non-setting luminaries, depicted in the Rig Veda, we can see only in the area adjacent to the North Pole.
All the stars disappear from the sky here only when the day approaches. The polar day lasts six months. The day and night of the gods, according to the ancient Vedic literature, last for six months. The “Laws of Manu” (1, 67) speaks about this: “The gods have day and night - a human year, again divided in two: day - the period of the movement of the sun to the north, night - the period of movement to the south”. *
In the Avesta - the sacred book of the Zoroastrians - we can read similar statements (Vendidad, Fargard II): “This is how Ahura-Mazda spoke: ― Independent and created luminaries, as once the stars, the Moon and the Sun seem to be setting and rising. And one day seemed like a year."
The long dawn as one of the realities of the Arctic is spoken of in the Rig Veda (I, 123, 6-8):
May rich gifts arise, may abundant reinforcements arise!
Blazing flashes rose.
The desired blessings hidden in darkness -
The glittering dawns make them visible.
7. One goes away, the other comes.
Two dissimilar halves of the day come together.
The other made the darkness of the two surrounding (worlds) disappear.
Ushas sparkled with a shining chariot.
8. Same today, same tomorrow, They follow the long-term establishment of Varuna.
Flawless, (every) thirty yojanas
One after another, they carry out the plan in one day. *
The Rig Veda describes in these lines the circling of the sun, visible to the observer for many days, just below the horizon. This is possible only in the Arctic with its long polar night. The darkness of this night is mentioned in the lines of the Rig Veda (X, 124, 1):
1. Come, O Agni, to this sacrifice …
You have lain in the darkness for too long. *
One of the lines of the Rig Veda (X, 138, 3) speaks of the polar day: “Surya unharnessed the chariot in the middle of the sky.” *
Those who created this Veda give us to understand that the sun god is located in the sky for a long rest, which cannot but be associated with a very long stay of the day body above the horizon line. The text of the epic Mahabharata also says that the Aryans knew the lands adjacent to the Arctic: "As the Arctic Circle moves continuously, three hundred and sixty divisions are found on it." *
In the Avesta, the mountain range is repeatedly mentioned by its main mountain, Khukairya. This mountain range is identified with the Ural Mountains.
The Oronym Kukaya uses al-Idrisi (See: Tallgren-Tuulio OJ Du Nouveau sur Idrisi, p. 170; Miller K. Mappae arabicae. Bd. IH 2, p. 49. Compare: Kalinina T. M. Information from early scholars of the Arab Caliphate. - M., 1988. S. 85). *
Al-Idrisi tells us about the Kukaya mountain range: “This is a large mountain stretching from the Sea of Gloom (the Arctic Ocean - author) to the edge of the inhabited land. This mountain extends to the country of Yajuja and Majuja in the extreme east and crosses it, passing in (Ghats of Zarathushtra / Translated from the Avestan I. M., of the Black Sea, called the Resin (az-Zifti). *
It is a very high mountain, no one can climb it because of the extreme cold and deep eternal snow on its top (Al-Idrisi. Opus geographicum sive ―Liber ad eorum delectationem qui terras peragrare. Consilio et auctoritate E. Cerulli, F. Gabrieli, G. Levi Della Vida, L. Petech, G. Tucci. Una cum aliis ed. A. Bombaci, U. Rizzitano, R. Rubinacci, L. Veccia Vaglieri. Neapoli-Romae, 1970. - S. 910).
According to the ancient Iranian tradition, the source of the Ra (Volga) is located on the mountains near the top of Kukaya.
In addition to the main course of the Atila (Volga) river, al-Idrisi knows two of its tributaries, one of which could be considered by local peoples by Atil himself.
Academician B. A. Rybakov proposed to correlate one of the unnamed tributaries with the upper course of the Kama before the confluence of the Belaya River (Rybakov BA Russian lands according to the map of Idrisi 1154 - KSIIMK. Issue 43. 1952, p. 12.) * …
The largest tributary of the Kama is the Vishera, whose sources are located in the Northern Urals. The Vyatka River also flows into the Kama. The tribe living on its shores is mentioned in an inscription on a seal found during excavations in Mohenjo-Daro, one of the cities of the Harappan civilization.
In the Avesta, the sacred river of the Aryans, Ardvi-Sura, is sung:
Pray current powerfully
From the height of Hukarya
To the Vorukash sea.
From edge to edge worries
All the Vorukash sea.
And the waves in the middle
Uplifting when
Pours in his water
Falling into it, Ardvi
With all a thousand ducts
And a thousand lakes. *
These lines of the Avesta describe the Ob with its numerous branches, channels and lakes surrounding it. Neither the Northern Dvina nor the Yenisei fit this description. The hymn to Ardvi-Sura mentions beavers that do not inhabit either Iran or Central Asia, but which the Aryans saw in their northern ancestral home:
Beaver cape
Put on Ardvi-Sura
From the skins of three hundred beavers, Four births
(When they are woolly,
When their fur is thicker), So made to
It seemed to the beholder
She's covered in gold
And full of silver. *
So, the monuments of ancient Indian and ancient Iranian literature testify that North-Eastern Europe and Western Siberia were the ancient ancestral home of the Aryans.
Author: Evgeny Koparev