A new study by scientists invites us to take a step back from our everyday worries and think about this - what if you can send a message to another universe using a black hole? Will it get through? And how big can we send a message? The suggestion that black holes may be a portal to other universes is nothing new. British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, known for his research on black holes, spoke about this. Today physicists have discovered that under certain circumstances we can send a message through a theoretically existing wormhole that connects black holes in different universes.
What is a wormhole?
A wormhole or wormhole is a hypothetical feature of space-time that is a “tunnel” in space. It is believed that wormholes can be interconnected. Thus, once you hit a wormhole in one part of the universe, you can exit in another.
Note that General Relativity (GR) admits the existence of such tunnels. However, in order for a wormhole to be passable, certain conditions are necessary, so we are still far from a complete understanding of wormholes. Share your knowledge about wormholes with the members of our Telegram chat, it will be interesting!
* Tunnel * formed by two wormholes might look like this.
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Wormhole research
So, back to the study of scientists. According to our results, if we send a message through a wormhole that connects black holes in different universes, then it should be very short (measured in quantum bits or qubits). So if scientists from the universe on the other side of the black hole also decide to tell us something, it will be only grains of information.
In order to establish a connection between two universes, it is necessary that both the universes and the associated black holes have a certain shape and shape. For example, passage through a wormhole is only possible if spacetime has negative curvature. It doesn't sound very clear, so let's explain: the curvature of space-time is a physical effect due to the divergence or convergence of the trajectories of freely falling bodies. Space curvature can be positive or negative. A space with positive curvature is the surface of a sphere that is equally curved at every point. And a space with negative curvature can be shaped like a riding saddle, with different curvatures at different points.
This is what a space with negative curvature looks like.
Through previous research, scientists knew the theoretical transmission of information through wormholes was analogous to quantum teleportation. However, in the case of wormholes, there are restrictions on the amount of information transmitted. And in quantum teleportation, information can be sent almost instantly over huge distances using quantum-entangled particles, that is, particles that are not connected with each other, regardless of the distance that separates them.
Information can change black holes
In the new study, scientists studied a traversable wormhole using the space-time geometry described by Albert Einstein's general relativity.
The results showed that only a few bits of information could be transmitted through the wormhole at a time. The researchers also found that sending messages through the wormhole would change black holes.
Pictured: the event horizon of a black hole. Event horizon - this is the area around the black hole. If information or light falls into the event horizon, it will be impossible for them to get out of there.
The point is that the sending black hole will increase in mass, and the receiving black hole will decrease with each message sent. On the first message, the receiving black hole will lose about 30% of its mass, and on subsequent messages it will completely disappear. In addition, each subsequent message will be reduced in size so that it will eventually contain no information.
Dizzying, isn't it? Of course, everyone understands that such wormholes, connecting universes, exist only in theory. And yet scientists do not exclude that such objects may exist or even be created. Perhaps they can even be ruled by advanced civilizations. Do you think there are such in the vastness of the Universe?
Lyubov Sokovikova