Vast Siberia stretches across the vastness of Russia. With its majestic, vast nature, it conquered all travelers and scientists who have ever visited its endless latitudes. Unforgettable is the feeling of discovering historical monuments of archeology, created by human hands.
Back in the 18th century, the Russian writer and historian Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin wrote that “Russia opened a second new world for Europe, deserted and cold, but free for human life, marked by diversity, greatness, wealth of nature”.
Underground curiosity
On September 1, 1581, the detachment of the ataman Ermak Timofeevich Alenin moved to the mountains of the Urals along the river called Chusovaya. The detachment consisted of 840 Cossacks and was assembled thanks to the help of merchants. Having reached the Irtysh, in October 1581 the detachment was not attacked by the Tatars. Overcoming the difficult path, the warriors of the detachment met many unusual things that they had not seen before and periodically reported this home.
Yermak's squad in the process of research has found the so-called "Underground curiosity". Now data about such a find is stored in the archives of the 18th century.
The find was discovered when the Cossacks took the city of Isker, which was located on the Irtysh hill. To the surprise of the soldiers, there were no people in the city, as well as the bodies of the dead. Neither household items nor any food were found. After further careful examination of the city, the Cossacks discovered a manhole, which continued to the river itself. The surprise of the Cossacks knew no bounds when they saw the underground city. The caves, which were dwellings, were connected by a system of intertwined underground passages. In the large cave halls, there are still coals from fires, reminding of the people who were there recently. The premises and walls were lined with shells and river stones. The underground storeroom kept huge reserves of precious stones, gold, silver, furs, brocade. In addition, Yermak's squad found a cemetery in the underground city,in the walls of which the bodies of the dead inhabitants of the city of Isker were immured. In the cave was also discovered a place dedicated to the cult of the pagans, which housed figurines of the gods made of wood and stone. The room for the worship is located in a small separate cave. There was a fairly large depression in its center. Human and animal bones lay in this depression, and traces of a recent fire were visible.
Presumably, when the siege of the city began, all residents, using underground passages, went to the other side of the Irtysh. The head of the settlement ordered to mine the tunnels with the help of small powder kegs, and take especially valuable supplies with you.
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At the moment, only shallow hollows overgrown with grass remain from the once large settlement of the Siberian Tatars. These tracks are located not far from Krasnoyarsk, three hundred kilometers from it.
City of giants
In the 90s of the 20th century, another rather interesting discovery was made in the south-west of Altai, not far from Kazakhstan, and quite by accident. Having studied the discovery, scientists concluded that in ancient times people with a high level of culture settled in Siberia and, possibly, their development in terms of anthropometric indicators differed from the level of a person at present.
Scientists studying natural underground caves have found a whole system of such caves, most likely, which served as a place of residence for ancient people. The caves themselves were very large. They were connected to each other using passages and had only three exits. The total area of the underground dwelling was 1.5 km2. Huge amazing vertical slabs were installed in the caves. Most of all they resembled tables, although for a modern person they seemed very large. Of greatest interest was the find found in a remote cave, behind a huge slab, on which special images were carved. It took a huge effort of several people to move the slab. There was no limit to surprise. On the rounded vault of the cave was a map of the sky. In the vault itself, there were holes into which the sun's rays fell. As the sun moved across the sky, the picture of the starry sky in the cave also changed.
When it began to darken, the scientists returned back to the camp, and at dawn again went to the complex of caves. Unfortunately, they were unable to find the entrance to the city of the Giants again. At the present stage of life, no one has been able to find him.
This remarkable discovery was reflected in one of the Turkic legends. The legend mentions a tribe of heroes, with whom one Asian ruler signed a treaty. According to the terms of the agreement, the inhabitants of the Asian village had to give beautiful girls to the heroes during the threat of war. In return, the giants defended the Siberian Khanate. But the giants left those places even when there was a sea on the territory of the Karakum Desert. One day they gathered and left in an unknown direction, since then they have not been mentioned again. Subsequently, the villages disappeared from the face of the earth as a result of numerous devastating wars. The death of the village is also associated with the first use of nuclear weapons many thousands of years ago. But this fact is already mentioned in another legend.
Kolyma "cosmodrome"
Another amazing accidental discovery was made in 1932. At that time, construction of camps began in the Kolyma Territory, to which Soviet people were later sent, convicted of crimes against Soviet power. On the Yukagir plateau, they began to build one of the camps, which was located 120 km away. from the village of Zyryanka. The construction crews were made up of convicts who worked under guard. The construction of the camps required the clearing of the territory. Forests were felled, territories made of stone were blown up. Initially, the camp was planned on a hill, but most of it was occupied by a lake.
It was decided to carry out explosions to drain the lake. After the attempt was made, muddy lake water poured through the cracks formed in the mountain as a result of the explosion. After all the water came out and the bottom appeared, the engineers were very surprised. They saw that at the very bottom there was a cone-shaped bowl, the top of which seemed to have been cast from good concrete. The very bottom was covered with intertwined parts of an unknown metal, somewhat reminiscent of aluminum. At the base of the cone, the action of strong burners could be seen. It looked as if someone had specially burned the structure.
A few years later, one of the engineers involved in the construction of the Soviet camps participated in the construction and later in the maintenance of the operation of the Baikonur spacecraft launch complex. They found several similarities between the space structure and the structure found at the bottom of the lake. The burned sections of the cone were similar to some elements of the cosmodrome.
The unusual discovery was immediately reported to the leadership of the camp construction site. The management decided to blow up a strange object and cover it with sand, clay and river rock, which was done. All witnesses signed a silence on the opening of the strange Kolyma Baikonur …