The history of the Russian Emperor Nicholas II, the execution of him and his entire family has been exciting the minds for almost a hundred years. The Russian Orthodox Church even ranked the Romanov family as a saint, and in its absurdity even goes as far as banning the film Matilda.
Not so long ago, Sergei Zhelenkov published a paradoxical study in which he tells about the fate of the Romanov family after the day, when, in his opinion, the shooting took place, citing some witness testimony. The researcher's point of view is controversial, but since in Russia, in his own words, historians are a dime a dozen, then his research has a right to exist.
Someone considers his article to be complete nonsense, someone finds confirmation of the facts stated in it. In any case, this is an interesting study, and perhaps the readers of Echo.az will also find confirmation of the paradoxical version that the Romanovs remained alive, because only in Baku does your humble servant know a person who is absolutely sane from a mental point of view, who claims to be a descendant of one from the "shot" royal children.
S. Zhelenkov begins with the fact that Nicholas II did not abdicate the throne. This act is a "fake" drawn up and printed by the General-Quartermaster of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief A. Lukomsky and the representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at the General Staff N. Basili.
This printed text was signed on March 2, 1917, not by Nicholas II, but by the Minister of the Imperial Court, Adjutant General Baron Boris Fredericks.
After 4 days, Nicholas II was betrayed by the top of the Russian Orthodox Church, misleading the whole of Russia by giving this false act as real. And, having issued an appropriate resolution on March 6 at the Most Holy Synod, she sent a telegraph to the whole empire and beyond that the emperor, they say, had abdicated the throne.
The top of the generals of the Russian army did not believe in the abdication and decided to go to the rescue of the sovereign. From that moment on, a split in the army began, which turned into a Civil War, a split in the priesthood and the entire Russian society.
There is a lot of information about the imprisonment and exile of the royal family and it is quite true. But what happened next, was there an execution? Or was it staged? Was it possible to flee or be taken out of the Ipatiev house? S. Zhelenkov believes that yes.
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There was a factory nearby. In 1905, the owner, in case of capture by the revolutionaries, dug an underground passage to it. (When the house was destroyed by Yeltsin after the decision of the Politburo, a bulldozer fell into it.)
Thanks to Stalin and the intelligence officers of the General Staff and with the blessing of Metropolitan Macarius (Nevsky), the royal family was taken to various Russian provinces. Patriarch Tikhon was also in charge of the liberation of the royal family.
Further, in connection with the offensive of the White Guards in Yekaterinburg, the evacuation of Soviet institutions took place. Documents, property and values were taken out, including the Romanov family. And on July 25, the city was occupied by White Czechs and Cossacks.
A special commission was appointed from among the officers and cadets of the General Staff Academy, chaired by Colonel Sherekhovsky. She was instructed to deal with the finds in the area of Ganina Yama: local peasants, raking up recent fireplaces, found charred things from the royal wardrobe, including a cross with precious stones.
Captain Malinovsky was ordered to examine the area of Ganina Yama and with the investigator for the most important cases of the Yekaterinburg District Court A. P. Nametkin, several officers, the doctor of the heir V. N. Derevenko and the servant of Nicholas II, T. Chemodurov, went there on July 30.
The commission did not last long. But it was she who determined the area of all subsequent investigative actions in Yekaterinburg and the surrounding area, found witnesses to the cordoning off of the Koptyakovskaya road around Ganina Yama by the Red Army, as well as those who saw a suspicious wagon train passing from Yekaterinburg inside the cordon and back. Got evidence of destruction in bonfires near the mines of royal things.
(In June 1919, a year after the investigations, Malinovsky asserted: "As a result of my work on the case, I became convinced that the august family is alive … all the facts that I observed during the investigation were a simulation of murder."
Derevenko and Chemodurov were invited to participate in the identification of things; as an expert - Professor of the Academy of the General Staff, Lieutenant General Medvedev. After inspecting the mine and fires near Ganina Yama, the Koptyakovsky peasant handed over to the commission a huge diamond, identified by Chemodurov as belonging to the empress.
Nametkin, examining the house of Ipatiev, had publications of resolutions of the Ural Council and the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee announcing the execution of Nicholas II. Inspection of the building, traces of shots and signs of spilled blood confirmed the possible death of people in this house. As for the other results of the inspection of Ipatiev's house, they left the impression of an unexpected disappearance of its inhabitants.
When examining the rooms where the royal family was kept, Nametkin found many small things that belonged, according to Chemodurov and doctor Derevenko, to family members. Being an experienced investigator, Nametkin, after inspecting the scene of the incident, stated that an imitation of the execution had taken place in the Ipatiev house and that none of the members of the royal family had been shot there.
He officially repeated his data in Omsk, where he gave interviews on this topic to foreign, mainly American, correspondents. He stated that he had evidence that the royal family was not killed on the night of July 16-17, and was going to publish these documents soon. But the Yekaterinburg District Court, by a majority vote, forced him to transfer the investigation to a member of the court, Ivan Aleksandrovich Sergeev. After the transfer of the case, the house where Nametkin rented the premises was burned, which led to the death of his investigative archive. And after the capture of Yekaterinburg by the Bolsheviks Nametkin was shot.
Sergeev was aware of the complexity of the forthcoming investigation. He understood that the main thing was to find the bodies of those killed. Indeed, in forensic science there is a rigid directive: "No corpse - no murder." They placed great expectations on the expedition to Ganina Yama, where they very carefully searched the area, pumped out water from the mines. But … they found only a severed finger and a prosthetic upper jaw. True, the "corpse" was also removed, but it was the corpse of the dog of the Grand Duchess Anastasia.
In addition, there are witnesses who saw the former empress and her children in Perm. Doctor Derevenko, who treated the heir, like Botkin, who accompanied the royal family in Tobolsk and Yekaterinburg, repeatedly testifies that the unidentified corpses delivered to him are not a tsar and not an heir. the king should have a mark on his skull from the blow of a Japanese saber in 1891
And what about the examination, which allegedly proved already in our time that the remains in Ganina Yama belong to the Romanov family? Oleg Makeev, the head of the Biology Department of the Ural Medical Academy, says: “Genetic examination after 90 years is not only difficult due to changes in the bone tissue, but it cannot give an absolute result even if it is carefully performed. The methodology used in the studies already carried out has not yet been recognized as evidence by any court in the world."
The foreign expert commission to investigate the fate of the royal family, created in 1989 under the chairmanship of P. N. Koltypin-Wallovsky, ordered a study by scientists at Stanford University and received data on the inconsistency of the DNA of the "Yekaterinburg remains" with the old biological material of the Romanovs.
Pyotr Koltypin-Vallovskoy emphasized: “Geneticists again refuted the results of the examination carried out in 1994 at the British Laboratory, on the basis of which it was concluded that Nicholas II and his family belonged to the“Yekaterinburg remains”.
The luminary of genetics, Japanese doctor Tatsuo Nagai, also concluded that the "Yekaterinburg remains" had nothing to do with the Romanov family.
By the way, there was no memorial service for the august family. After the October Revolution, the confessor of the Highest Surname, Vladyka Theophan (Bystrov), lived in Sofia. He never served a requiem for the august family and told his cell attendant that the royal family was alive. And even in April 1931 he went to Paris to meet with Nicholas II and with the people who freed the royal family from captivity.
What is the further fate of the royal family? Until 1927, family members met next to the Tsar's dacha on the territory of the Vvedensky skete of the Seraphim-Ponetaevsky monastery.
In the 20-30s. Nicholas II stayed in Diveyevo at the address: st. Arzamasskaya, 16, with Alexandra Ivanovna Grashkina - schema-nun of Dominica. Stalin, on the other hand, built a dacha in Sukhumi next to the Tsarskaya dacha and came there to meet with Nicholas II and his cousin.
In the form of an officer, Nicholas II visited Stalin in the Kremlin, which was confirmed by General Vatov, who served in Stalin's guard. Marshal Mannerheim, having become President of Finland, immediately left the war, because secretly communicated with Nicholas II.
In the KGB of the USSR, on the basis of the 2nd Main Directorate, a special department was created that monitored all movements of the royal family and their descendants across the territory of the USSR. Princess Olga, Tatiana, Maria and Anastasia lived ordinary lives (S. Zhelenkov gives details) and died in 1976, 1992, 1954 and 1980, respectively. Anastasia's son Mikhail Vasilyevich Peregudov (1924-2001), having come from the front, worked as an architect; a railway station in Stalingrad was built according to his design.
Nicholas II's brother, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, was also able to escape from Perm right under the nose of the Cheka. At first he lived in Belogorye, and then moved to Vyritsa, where he died in 1948.
Empress Alexandra Feodorovna until 1927 was at the Tsar's dacha (Vvedensky skete of the Seraphim-Ponetaevsky monastery in the Nizhny Novgorod region). She visited Kiev, Moscow, Petersburg, Sukhumi. Then she took monastic tonsure with the name Alexandra in the Starobelsk Holy Trinity Monastery.
The empress met with Stalin, who told her the following: "Live peacefully in Starobelsk, but you don't need to interfere in politics." It can be assumed that this patronage was based on a mercantile interest: the empress transferred considerable funds from foreign banks to the Soviet government on the condition that it would provide her with a quiet old age.
During the war, when Starobelsk was occupied in 1942, the empress hid the wounded tankers. She died in 1948.
But Tsarevich Alexei has the most interesting fate. If only because literally everyone in the USSR knew him in a new guise! Tsarevich Alexei became … Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin! A. N. Kosygin (1904-1980) served as head of government for 16 years - the longest in the entire history of the Russian Empire, the USSR and Russia. For almost 42 years (from January 2, 1939 to October 23, 1980) he was a member of the Council of People's Commissars and the Council of Ministers of the USSR as chairman, first deputy chairman, deputy chairman (4 times), head of five USSR ministries, chairman of the USSR State Planning Committee and twice as the first deputy of the State Planning Committee of the USSR.
They say that Stalin sometimes called him tsarevich in front of everyone. If everything is in fact so, then the ashes of Alexei, the only one of the Romanovs, rests in the Kremlin wall.
The only thing that S. Zhelenkov did not explain in his article: why did Stalin save the tsar's family and then showed such loyalty? Not for the sake of money from foreign accounts? Although, who knows …
O. BULANOVA