A Russian scientist has just received a patent for his invention, which can cause rain. Ideas like this are highly relevant. After all, not oil and gas at all, but fresh water will be the main deficit of the 21st century, many scientists say.
Science has already learned how to disperse rain. But how to call it? Many laboratories around the world are struggling with the problem. The original version is proposed by the head of one of the laboratories of the Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Viktor Pavlyuchenko. It uses the principle of a cyclone - a low pressure area.
- What's the point? - explains Viktor Pavlovich. - As you know from the school course, warm air vapors from the ground rise to a height, there they cool, condense, and in the end precipitation falls. But this mechanism does not always work, but only with a certain relationship between the relative humidity, temperature and altitude. We will be able to artificially create just such conditions, it will rain. For example, it follows from a simple formula: if outside is plus 30 degrees Celsius and humidity is 50 percent, then this humid air must be raised to a height where the temperature is plus 15 Celsius, and condensation should begin.
But how to raise the air? Not to pump into cylinders? The scientist proposes to hang large area balloons in several tiers. Made of blackened material, they will get very hot in the sun and give off heat to the surrounding air. And now he will rush upward himself, where on each subsequent tier he will receive additional heating. And so on until the air reaches the design height. There he is already prepared to spill to the ground.
But this condition is necessary, but not sufficient. We also need centers or "nuclei" of condensation - dust, aerosols, ash, soot. And it's better if the particles have negative charges. And the scientist knows where to get them. It turns out that they are right there, at hand. Indeed, there is a potential difference between the Earth and the ionosphere, which at an altitude of two kilometers is 200 kilovolts. To receive ions, it is necessary to raise the grounded conductor to this height, a corona discharge occurs, and the ions are formed themselves.
The idea is beautiful, but it immediately raises a lot of questions. How high should the air be raised? How much does it take to make it rain? How long will this whole procedure take?
- It is necessary to raise the air by about 700-1500 meters, - explains the scientist. - It will take about 4-5 minutes. It is fundamentally important that you do not need to "pump" a lot of air to the height. Enough, like a pinhead, to punch a few "holes" in the so-called inversion layer.
The fact is that air in the atmosphere cools with height. But at some altitudes there is a layer where the temperature stops dropping. Moreover, it even heats up. And after him falls again. Clouds of good weather, such as cumulus, appear under these layers. They cannot rise higher, since the layers are not allowed. “Our task is to break them through,” Pavlyuchenko says. - Then the ascending currents from the earth, which go constantly, will rush upward. Thus, a self-sustaining system is turned on. According to the scientist, the price of such an installation is scanty, say, one tier - about 1-3 thousand dollars.
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In addition, such a system can not only cause rain, but also purify the air of cities located in basins from smog. There are practically no winds there, so this method would come in handy. He just received a patent for his invention.
