An electromagnetic pulse is a high-intensity burst of electromagnetic energy caused by the rapid acceleration of charged particles. The source of this discharge can be solar activity or an explosive device. The electromagnetic field creates pulsed electric currents and voltages in overhead and ground wire and cable lines, as well as radio emissions that propagate over long distances. The size of this field will be proportional to the current - the higher the current, the larger the field.
Today we will talk about what the threat of a powerful Amy attack, caused by, say, a solar flare or explosion, and how to protect your electronics in this case.
Small discharges
Turning the switch that turns on the lamp produces a short burst of electrical and magnetic energy. It is so small that it is practically undetectable. Switching when activating electrical equipment, engines, and ignition systems produces small EMPs that can interfere with a nearby radio or television. Modern devices have filters that absorb small surges of energy and remove noise.
Electrostatic discharge
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A powerful burst of energy can occur when a charge of electricity is instantly discharged under very high voltage and extremely low current conditions. This electrostatic discharge (ESD) can shock a person or create a spark that can ignite fuel vapors. As a child, when we rubbed a balloon on our heads and then poked our fingers at each other for laughter, we created an electrostatic discharge.
Lightning - EMP form
When the energy of the impulse rises, it can harm buildings and people. Lightning is the most powerful form of EMP. Electrostatic lightning discharge can be dangerous and can actually cause a fire. Fortunately, most lightning bolts are locked into the ground, where the electrical discharge is absorbed. The lightning rod, invented by Benjamin Franklin, saved many buildings from fires that could cause lightning.
Causes of powerful electromagnetic pulses
Events such as a nuclear explosion, high-altitude non-nuclear explosion or solar storm can create a powerful short-term electromagnetic field that can damage electrical and electronic equipment located near the center of events. These are the types of incidents that can disrupt the operation of power grids, disable transformers. In the worst case scenario, it can take up to six months until the large transformers are repaired and the smaller damage caused by the catastrophic EMP discharge is repaired.
How EMR affects vehicles
A powerful electromagnetic pulse can disable or even fry the electronics in your car. Machines built before 1972 will theoretically continue to function after a catastrophic EMP impact, since they don't have microprocessors installed. So, if you are seriously afraid that the apocalypse on Earth will happen due to an electromagnetic pulse of unprecedented power, you should think about buying a rare car. Well, or another option, change to a bike.
How to protect devices during an EMP attack
Research has shown that small systems will not be affected by EMI if they are disconnected from the mains. Therefore, if you are aware of an impending electromagnetic pulse, unplug all appliances and unplug the power distribution panel. If the EMP is caused by a solar flare, for example, you have approximately 8 minutes to rescue the most sensitive electronics.