Bell ringing is considered miraculous, because it has a largely unexplained by science influence on all living things from microbes to humans. The sound emitted by the bell evokes sensations in a person that are unusual and incomparable with anything we are used to. It is no coincidence that the bell is called a “ringing icon” and “a prayer in bronze”.
BELL HISTORY
In the IV millennium BC. e. in the territory of modern southern Iran and Turkey, in Mesopotamia and Egypt, the technology of bronze casting already existed. But as soon as people learned how to mine metal, they could not help but notice how long and powerfully it rings when struck (and the voice of bronze is especially beautiful).
A number of researchers believe that the birthplace of bells is China. Indeed, the technology of bronze casting was created in the Xia era (XXIII-XVIII centuries BC). However, among the objects found under the ashes of Herculaneum and Pompeii (1st century BC), bells 14 and 17 cm high were found. In the ancient world, they mainly performed signaling functions. In ancient Rome, their ringing announced the open markets and baths, the watering of the streets, executions and other events of city life.
The custom of calling monks to worship arose in Christian monasteries in Egypt. In the Palestinian, Syrian, Greek monasteries, special boards (beaters) are still used, which are struck with a mallet (rivet).
When the bells were small, they were hung on the pediments of churches. As the weight increased, they began to build small turrets on the roofs of the temples. They called from the ground, pulling the rope. Since the 8th century, there are reports of the first bell towers, built separately from churches. Later, Romanesque and Gothic architecture united the bell tower and the church into a single ensemble.
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The improved casting technology made it possible to cast bells not only larger, but also emitting the tone of the desired timbre. Already in the 9th century, sets of bells (up to 8 pieces) began to be made, creating a certain scale. In the early Middle Ages, they became ubiquitous, and in the countries of Christian Europe from the 7th century they became an integral part of the daily life of European cities and villages, as they symbolized goodness.
In the XII century, a new casting technology was developed, which provided high sound quality and the ability to increase the weight of the bell. Soon, complexes appeared, combining up to thirty bells. The system of keys, on which the ringer struck with his fists, was supplemented with pedals. The bells followed each other in semitones without spaces.
Thus, the period from the 12th to the 16th century occupies a special place in the history of bells: in these centuries, their modern form and casting technology were formed.
BELLS IN RUSSIA
Bells came to Russia from the West. The first mention of them is contained in the 3rd Novgorod Chronicle and dates back to 1066. The early history of bells in Russia was the same as in the West. At first, they were cast by monks, but pretty soon it passed to artisans. Bells were consecrated, but they were never baptized or given human names. Although they often gave nicknames: a bell with a strong, harsh sound was often called a Swan, with a soft, pleasant - Red, with an uneven, rattling - Goat, Baran.
In Russia, they were credited with the ability to drive out evil spirits, dispel intrigues and evil spells, ward off a thunderstorm, and heal diseases. However, they were often subjected to severe punishments. In 1771, the alarm bell of the Moscow Kremlin was removed by decree of Catherine II and was stripped of its tongue for calling for a riot. In 1591, by order of Boris Godunov, the same fate befell the Uglich bell, which notified the people of the death of Tsarevich Dmitry. On
Rus' bells measured the passage of time, sounded the alarm, warned of the approach of the enemy, called soldiers, met the winners, greeted distinguished guests. The sound of the veche bell called for popular meetings in Novgorod and Pskov.
Travelers who came to Russia were amazed not only by the abundance of bells, but also by their weight. By the middle of the 16th century, Russian bells had surpassed Western bells in size. If European bells weighing 100-150 poods (one pood equals 16 kg) were considered rare, in Russia they were widespread.
Bells of this weight category were sounded in the Moscow Kremlin on weekdays. Specimens weighing up to 600-700 pounds were called polyeleos and evangelized on memorable days, up to 800-1,000 pounds were called Sundays and called on Sundays, from 1,000 pounds and above - festive, they announced great joyful events.
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SCIENCE TESTS
According to the famous physicist Fotiy Shatunov, the bells emit a huge amount of resonant sound waves and thereby purify the space. Shatunov proved: fully active bell ringing kills bacteria within a radius of 70 km and harmonizes space. The unique spiral trajectory of sound produced when the bell is struck is fatal to many pathogenic microbes.
Due to the specific distribution of the power of the sound wave, the structures of microbial cells come into resonance and are destroyed. Even microorganisms such as the hepatitis virus and anthrax spores die.
Ancient craftsmen knew the secrets of making and casting bells with various types of energy radiation. It is believed that they were able to cast bells with a ringing, which has a selective effect on the pathogenic flora, which, of course, was only suspected then.
In the Middle Ages, bells were cast with a targeted anti-epidemiological effect: they killed the causative agents of the plague in one case, the causative agents of smallpox in the other. Alexander Herzen wrote about an old rattling bell, which was hoisted on a podium in one of the Swiss cities, but that with his ringing he saved the inhabitants of this city and its environs from death during a plague epidemic!
Back in the 70s of the last century, Russian researchers have established that such ailments as causeless anxiety, fears, nervousness and insomnia are perfectly healed by ringing bells. The findings were amazing. It turns out that the audio recording of the raspberry ringing has a soothing effect on even the most violent mentally ill. And listening to music performed on bells cures the worst types of depression and other mental illnesses. Perfectly cures insomnia and raspberry church ringing.
It turns out that the ringing of a bell contributes to the faster splitting of negative energies and a more complete withdrawal of them from the human biofield. In addition, it generates extremely positive energies of white and green colors in space.
Finally, bells are powerful harmonizers of space that help a person to enter into resonance with the harmony of the Universe, to gain physical, energetic, mental and spiritual health.
FOLK FAITH
Bells were often rung during a thunderstorm to ward off thunder and lightning and to protect all who hear the ringing from material and spiritual threats. "Wherever the sound of this bell is heard," says one blessing of the 8th century, "may the hostile forces be removed, also the shadow of ghosts, the raid of a whirlwind, a thunderbolt, the fall of thunder, the destruction of the storm and all sorts of hurricane spirits."
The bell ringing is indicative from the point of view of distinguishing between "pure" and "unclean" time. In all Slavic traditions, there are beliefs that some mythological characters show themselves to people and engage in their malicious activities only after the bell rings. This applies especially to the period from Holy Thursday to Holy Saturday, when the bells, in accordance with the church canon, do not ring at all.
The silence of the bells is the time of their mourning over the death and torment of Jesus Christ. So that the evil spirits did not have the opportunity to triumph over victory and do evil, during this period it was customary to replace the bell ringing with other sounds: the guys walked around the village at night with bells and rattles, old women beat branches on the church floor or pews in the church.
In the East, it is believed that the sound made by a bell corresponds to the sounds of mantras. Thus, the sounding bells come into resonance with the human energy system. At the same time, the chakras are activated, the currents of energy intensify. The general energy potential of a person increases. There is a harmonization of all human organs and systems - both at the level of the physical body and on the subtle planes.
Sergey MILIN