In Ireland, forty kilometers from Dublin, there are three tombs: Dauth, Newgrange and Naut, which, according to experts, are the oldest on our planet. These unique historical sites, located in the Boen Valley, are older than Stonehenge and the famous Egyptian pyramids.
But researchers are amazed not only by the age of these unusual structures, but also by their layout. Three ancient hills, built by human hands more than five thousand years ago, are surrounded by thirty-seven hills, and they are located in a rather complex pattern.
Scientists argue that at that time in the northern part of Europe there were no civilizations that managed to fulfill such an unusual layout. On this occasion, several hypotheses have been put forward, one of which says that prehistoric burial grounds were built by the most ancient tribes of the Druids.
Other researchers are of the opinion that the creators of the tombs were the Titans, representing the pre-civilization that existed before the great planetary catastrophe, as a result of which several continents were formed.
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The key to unraveling these amazing ancient structures, according to researchers, lies in the bas-reliefs depicted on the stones, but, unfortunately, these mysterious signs have not yet been deciphered.
Representatives of the mysterious ancient people were excellent engineers, because the design of the Brun-na-Boyne burial grounds is quite complicated even for modern builders.
This place has become famous throughout the world for the archaeological monuments of the burials of Daut, Naut and Newgrange (Si-en-Bru). And the latter is the best preserved.
Newgrange
Newgrange is a huge hemispherical stone structure, on top of which an earthen mound is poured. Its diameter is 85 m, and its height is about 15 m. At the top, there is a platform about 37 m wide. Once it was all covered with white quartz pebbles and surrounded by vertical stone boulders of 97.
This structure is interesting because only once a year the sun's rays can fall into the depths of the tomb. This can only happen on December 21st, at the dawn of the winter solstice morning. For 17 minutes, a tunnel more than 16 meters long and about 1 meter wide is illuminated by rays. The tunnel leads to the burial chamber. The bodies of five people rested in this grandiose structure. In 1993, this building was officially awarded the status of an international historical monument.
Inside, archaeologists have explored the corridor leading to the burial chamber, while the walls of the structure are lined with huge monoliths, the weight of which ranges from twenty to forty tons. Many boulders are carved with intricate drawings, concealing information about the first civilizations on the planet.
The origin of this burial mound is still debated. According to one of the hypotheses, it was erected by an unknown people even before the arrival of the Celts in Ireland. This people was well versed in astronomy and architecture, no less than the same ancient Egyptians. The construction of Newgrange took 200 thousand tons of stones and earth, and individual elements were brought here from an area located more than 70 km away. Some researchers believe that the ancient builders of Newgrange, as well as the ancient Egyptians, knew pi, the structure of the solar system, the time of the moon's revolution around the earth, the distance to the sun, etc.
Inside Newgrange:
Naut
Three thousand years BC, the mound of Naut was erected - the largest burial in Bru-en-Buan, decorated with boulders with intricate ancient patterns carved on them.
Nout is surrounded by corridor burials - the longest underground galleries in Europe. The galleries are impassable, but at the end of them a huge room opens - the central pyramid. Its walls are decorated with circular and spiral frescoes, which are almost unanimously interpreted by scientists as lunar symbols. The same symbols are visible to the naked eye on the surface of the moon.
The corridors of the tomb in Nauta are oriented towards the rising and setting of the Sun on the days of the spring and autumn equinox (now one of the modern buildings obscures the Sun for some time of the day). The explanation probably lies in the fact that the builders of the tomb worshiped the Sun and believed that its mystical light, once inside, would revive the dead or help them travel to the kingdom of the gods.
Also in Nauta there are traces of the burial of bikers, the people of the culture of "bell-shaped cups" (people of the Bronze Age). This is the only such burial site in Ireland.
During the Iron Age, the Celts came to Nout. There are mysterious Celtic drawings on the walls in the tomb corridors. Mystically, the funeral rites of the Celts included "inhumation": the dead were buried in a sitting, bent position. There are thirty-five such burials in Nauta.
Later, the Normans turned this mystical place into one of the strongholds of their conquest, without building anything significant, however.
An extremely interesting discovery was made by Dr. Philip Knock of the University of Western Ontario. He came to the conclusion that the first inhabitants of Nauta worshiped not only the sun, but also the moon. Dr. Knock made maps of minor planets and the Moon and noticed that one of the images in Nauta was a map of the Moon, which is four thousand years old. If his guess is correct, then this is the earliest known map of the moon. The next one was created only in 1505 by Leonardo da Vinci. In an interview with the Guardian newspaper on April 22, 1999, Knock said: “The people who hollowed out this map were the first scientists. They knew a lot about the movement of the moon. They were by no means primitive. Studies have shown that moonlight falls into the eastern corridor of the mysterious tomb and through it - directly onto the map of the Neolithic Moon.
Knout and Newgrange:
Dout
Kurgan Daut, created 5 thousand years ago.
One of the stone grottoes of the mound has a ritual stone in the form of a bowl. This mound is a real treasure trove of artifacts and rock carvings.
Daut - the size of the monument is comparable to Newgrange - diameter 85 m, height 14 m (originally it was 16 m). Scientific excavations of the mound began only in 1998, so it is not yet possible to enter inside, only 2 relatively small burial chambers have been found on the southwestern side. From early October to February, the sun sets in the southern burial chamber. The beam illuminates her all on the day of the winter solstice.