What happened on June 30, 1908 (June 17, old style) in the Siberian taiga just north of the village of Vanavara near the Podkamennaya Tunguska River - the scientific world has been breaking the minds for more than a decade. And for the last 30 years, ufology has also been involved in this topic, tk. there are many oddities in this event. For those who are superficially familiar with this topic, I will list these oddities, and then I will express my opinion.
The first expedition to the supposed place of the fall took place only in 1921. under the leadership of L. A. Kulik (then there were still expeditions in the period 1927-1939). The members of the expedition saw a forest broken and felled by a blast wave:
The epicenter of the explosion was determined from the drawing of the fallen forest. But no crater or crater was found. The explosion is estimated to have occurred at an altitude of several kilometers. No debris or debris was found even during subsequent expeditions. Not on the ground, not in the swamps.
The remains of trees can be seen a century later.
Kulik was looking for the iron meteorite and its place of fall. It was assumed that this is one of the swamps. But nothing was found in them either. Despite this, the meteorite, as the dominant version, existed until the end of the 50s, forever leaving its mark "Tunguska meteorite" in the name of this event. But since expeditions did not even find traces of dust of meteorite matter - a cometary hypothesis appeared.
The comet's nucleus allegedly collided with the Earth and exploded in its lower layers. But how were astronomers able to view such an event? Comets at this distance from the Sun are always visible - they have a tail. And if they consist of loose rock: ice and dust, then they could not penetrate so deep into the atmosphere. And the ice does not explode with a nuclear charge of tens of megatons. Unless its energy is contained within the substance.
Promotional video:
The third, ufological version followed the data. Because increased radiation was detected at the explosion site (in terms of carbon and cesium). You can read more details here:
The explosion re-magnetized the surface rocks, led to mutations in pines and ants, and led to thermoluminescence in traps. Those. along with the blast wave, there was also strong ionizing radiation. Ufologists said that an alien spacecraft exploded.
But none of the hypotheses explains all the oddities. There are other hypotheses: collision with a clot of antimatter, a plasmoid from the Sun, an asteroid ricochet from the atmosphere, energy impact from the technologies of atmospheric electricity by N. Tesla, etc. There are up to 120 different hypotheses, versions and their variations.
The most literate version, saying that the Tunguska meteorite was a body, is a hypothesis that an air explosion over the taiga is an explosion like the Chelyabinsk meteorite. A stone meteorite exploded, causing the trees to fall, and the fragments themselves fell somewhere further along the flight path: 100-150 km further:
And in that place of the fall, no one was looking for fragments. But as you can see, many eyewitnesses saw the fiery body thousands of kilometers away. And almost everywhere in Eurasia after 1908. there were very strong red sunsets like dust. But physicists argue that this can also come from an increased concentration of nitrogen dioxide.
There is another hypothesis that everyone bypasses: geotectonic.
I suggest looking at the map in space images and thinking about it:
Yandex points out the place to some kind of ring-shaped structure. Maybe this is indeed a paleovolcano, and a huge volume of gases escaped from it, which exploded? And it was perceived as a luminous body at an altitude and thousands of kilometers away? An estimated 2.5 billion m3 of gas exploded
There is no forest on the southern side of this caldera - there is a swampy slope on which traces of water flowing down either in spring or constantly flowing are visible. It is strange that the water flows down from the hill, forming swamps.
In the network I found a photo of the north-western slope of this "crater".
This is a hill. A forest grows at the top, and a swamp along the perimeter. The impression is that the water flows down from this hill. And the hill itself is probably formed by heaving of some kind of water or mud masses rising from the depths. And together with them, gas can also come out: hydrocarbons, hydrogen. It is possible that silanes (compounds of hydrogen with silicon), but they are oxidized on the way to the surface to produce sand and water (it comes out).
I believe that it is high time to revise the well-established theory of the water cycle in nature. Water is constantly synthesized in the depths and comes out to the surface. Otherwise, Siberian rivers would dry up in winter, because the depth of soil freezing in winter: 2-2.5 m. And in Eastern Siberia, there is also permafrost hundreds of meters deep. And rivers flow here in winter, as is well known under the ice. And under the channels of many there are also underground rivers.
I believe that such explosions were not isolated on Earth. And they took place not only above the surface. Here are some examples:
The explosion in Sasovo in 1991, when the city was left without glass. The explosion left a crater. Obviously a gas explosion during degassing from the Earth.
Not so long ago, such a crater was discovered from a helicopter in Yamal. And not alone. Obvious release of soil during an explosion.
Arizona Crater. Formed allegedly 50 thousand years ago. Everyone considers it an astroblem - a crater from the fall of a fireball (a large meteorite (50 m in diameter according to wikipedia)). But the fact that this is a funnel from a gas explosion during degassing is not a hypothesis. I will be the first to make this assumption. If not, correct it.
Literally 40 km north-west of the crater, there is a geologically scary place:
Map link: goo.gl/maps/RrjK87sGn3atjMCx7
Sunset Crater State Preserve. There is no forest - they have erupted recently.
African and Arabian craters, which are one to one similar to the Arizona.
The list goes on. And what scientists consider astroblems, paleovolcanoes - these could be funnels from giant explosions of gas in the past of the Earth.
The crater at the site of the explosion of the Tunguska "meteorite" (let's take it in quotes) just happened over an older crater of an eruption or even an ancient explosion of gas that once emerged from the bowels. But the crater did not fall asleep completely. The gas came out in huge volumes in June 1908 and exploded at altitude. If it exploded in the ground, a crater would form, as in the case of the Arizona or African craters.
Author: sibved