Corrugated Spheres
They are also called: metal spheres, balls from the Transvaal, balls with notches from South Africa.
Near the town of Klerksdorp (Northwestern province of South Africa), there are rock paintings on pyrophyllite, which is called the "miracle stone" here. In order to preserve the ancient paintings, pyrophyllite is cut into slabs. When they began to saw huge blocks into smaller ones, they came across one of these spheroids. Everyone was surprised by the perfect shape of the ball, as well as the notch made exactly in the middle.
The general public became aware of the existence of these balls in 1977. In the decades that followed, South African miners found at least two hundred of these balls. At least one of the spheroids has three parallel grooves along the "equator". The diameter of the balls is not the same and ranges from 2.5 to 10 centimeters.
The question arises, what are the objects made of? It seems to be an alloy of steel and nickel, but such a combination does not occur in nature. From the point of view of Rolf Marx, curator of the South African Museum in Klerksdorp, the ball he has on display rotates by itself, although it is in a closed display case and is isolated from external sources of vibration.
By the way, one of these ellipsoids, which is in the British History Museum, being placed under glass, began to spontaneously and slowly rotate around its axis, completing a full revolution in 128 days.
The first studies of numerous finds were made in 1979 by prof. Geology JR McIver of Witwaterstand University (Johannesburg) and prof. geology Andries Bisschoff from Potsshefstroom University.
According to them, some balls are solid, made of hard bluish metal with white specks, others are hollow, with a spongy filling of white.
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Some of the balls were cracked. It was found that they were covered with a shell approximately 6 mm thick. Inside there is a spongy material that turns into dust when it comes into contact with air. Sometimes the filler can resemble charcoal. The pyrophyllite mineral itself, in the thickness of which balls are found, is a soft mineral formed 2.8 - 3 billion years ago. The balls found in it, having a fibrous structure inside, have a very hard metal shell that cannot be scratched even with a steel object.
The assumption that the spherical formations are nodules of limonite immediately meets the objection associated with their extraordinary hardness, since The hardness of limonite, indicated in mineralogical reference books, is relatively low and ranges from 4 to 5.5 units on the Mose scale, which used ten minerals as standards: from the softest, talc (1 unit of hardness) to diamond (10 units). For example, the hardness of pyrophyllite does not exceed 3 units on the Mohs scale.
In addition, limonite nodules are usually found in clusters, like soap bubbles, attracted to each other. Judging by the available data, they usually do not lie singly and do not have an absolutely spherical shape, as in our case. And even more so, there are no nodules that are parallel on the surface.
These transverse grooves are perhaps the most important mystery. Indeed, in nature this does not happen by itself. Of course, it is easiest to assume that these balls are the product of the activity of someone intelligent. There can be no talk of a person, because pyrophyllite mineral, in the thickness of which these findings were made, was formed 2.8 - 3 billion years ago !!!
It was also found that the ball is remarkably stable on a flat surface. The check showed that the ball is balanced extremely accurately. Balancing accuracy reaches one hundred thousandth of an inch. One NASA scientist admitted that they do not have the technology to make something so perfect. This can be done, perhaps, only with zero gravity. That is, in space. Scientists who have had a chance to study spheroids agree in one opinion - they are made artificially and could not arise by themselves.
Some scientists who had a chance to investigate these balls came to the conclusion that the spheroids are still made artificially, and did not arise by themselves.
Researcher Paul Heinrich rightly wrote five years ago that a lot of unhealthy noise was raised around this problem and it is not true that there is no scientific literature about South African spheroids. She is. And it follows from it that pyrophyllite is by no means a sedimentary mineral. It is formed by metamorphism at moderate temperatures at depths of several kilometers. Having contacted mineral experts - geologists from South Africa and other specialists, Heinrich was able to establish that the mystical balls are composed of pyrite and goethite.
During the transformation of clay or volcanic ash into pyrophyllites, pyrite spheres were formed. And from pyrite ore buds, or nodules, modified due to weathering near the earth's surface, goethites arose. So these are not nodules, as written in a number of articles.
And yet: why are the balls so hard? Because ore buds from goethite can also contain other harder hydroxide minerals.
The balls have been found in mines for several decades, but official science stubbornly pretends that they are not there.
The press has more than once reported about the mysterious metal balls that people come across in different parts of the world. In 1966, in the state of Arkansas (USA), several eyewitnesses observed how one such ball with a diameter of 28 centimeters fell from a completely clear sky. When the "flyer" was lifted, there were no traces of passage through the dense layers of the atmosphere and no damage whatsoever on the perfectly smooth surface of the ball.
A large metal ball crashed to the ground near Cape Town, South Africa in April 2000. It remained unknown whether it was a satellite detail or something else.
Three metal balls lying close to each other were discovered in 1963 in the Australian desert. They all had a diameter of 35 centimeters, each weighing about six kilograms. The coating of the balls was as if polished, without joining seams or damage. Australian scientists failed to open the strange objects, and the balloons went to the United States for a more thorough study.
In 1969, Argentine explorer A. Schneider demonstrated at a press conference in Buenos Aires a 22-centimeter metal ball found in northern Argentina. In the presence of journalists, the scientist unsuccessfully tried for a quarter of an hour to put at least one scratch on its surface. According to A. Schneider, this is one of the four discovered balls. The researcher spoke about attempts to figure out what is inside them, using the most modern methods, up to exposure to ultra-low and ultra-high temperatures. But everything turned out to be useless.
Another warehouse of stone balls is located in the Egyptian oasis of Kharga. There are many hundreds of spherical stone formations. Most of the balls are eaten away by sand and dust storms. The age of these formations is estimated at 20 million years!
Sixteen centuries ago, the indigenous people of the southwestern part of Costa Rica carved balls from solid materials, the diameter of which varies from 10 centimeters to 2.4 meters. Their form is so perfect that the question involuntarily arises: how were they made? What is their purpose?
Stone balls have also been found in several other countries, such as Chile, Mexico, and the United States. But Costa Rica's granite balls are unique. Their quality is admirable: some have absolutely regular shape and smooth surface. They are often grouped into groups of 20 or more. It is especially interesting that the balls are often arranged in various geometric shapes: triangles, rectangles, as well as straight lines. Often, figures point to the earth's magnetic north pole.
The earliest reports of these stones date from the late 19th century, but these reports were scientifically confirmed only in the 1930s. They were discovered by the United Fruit Company when they began clearing land for banana plantations in southern Costa Rica.
At the moment, about 300 balls are known, the largest of which weighs 16 tons and is 8 meters in diameter. Most of the balls are located in the Costa Rican region called Diquis Delta. Some remain intact in their original locations, but many have been moved or damaged by erosion, fire and vandalism.
Official science dates the stones to 600-1000 AD, but they all appeared before the Spanish Colonization of America. The age of the balls is determined by the style of manufacture and radiocarbon analysis of the balls and objects that are found with the balls. One problem with this technique is that it reports the date the balls were last used, but not the date they were created. These objects could be used for centuries and are still in the same places for thousands of years. Therefore, it is very difficult to determine the exact date of creation.