A group of researchers from China and Austria teleported three-level quantum states, also known as kutrits. The research results are published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
For the first time, scientists have successfully conducted such an experiment. Physicists were able to prove that kutrits have a unique ability to exist in several states at once.
Until now, scientists have only been able to teleport qubits - double quantum bits of information. A standard bit, considered mainly in computational sciences, has only the values "zero" or "one". A qubit has both meanings.
The new experiment proved the existence of kutrit, which, in addition to the values "zero" and "one", has the value "two" In addition, these cells can exist in three states at once.
Quantum teleportation is the ability to transfer the properties of one particle to another. To do this, a photon must simultaneously travel along one or several paths. Back in the nineties, scientists proved the theoretical possibility of multilevel quantum teleportation. Quantum cells are encoded in the possible paths that a photon can travel.
In a study presented by Austrian and Chinese scientists, a photon was simultaneously located in all three optical fibers. The core of quantum teleportation is the so-called Bell measurement, which is based on the principle of operation of a multi-beam splitter of light particles.
A splitter directs photons through multiple inputs and outputs, connecting all fibers together.
The researchers also used auxiliary photons, which were also sent to a multi-beam splitter and could interfere with other light particles.
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Experience has shown that quantum information can be transmitted from one particle to another at a distance without their physical interaction. Moreover, this concept is not limited to three states, and theoretically it can be extended to any number of quantum states.
The discovery of Chinese and Austrian scientists will expand the capabilities of quantum computers. Multilevel quantum systems can transfer more information