The temple, known as the Ramesseum, is the center of a huge architectural complex. The temple was built by Ramses II for funeral rituals, but like all Theban funeral temples, it was dedicated to the god Amun. Today the temple lies in ruins, but even from the ruins it is clear that it was a grandiose structure.
At the entrance to the courtyard of the Ramesseum stood a colossus, which, according to the description of Diodorus of Siculus (who saw it with his own eyes), was the largest statue in the world. The statue was carved from a monolithic lump of pink granite of incredible size, apparently brought from Aswan. At the time of Diodorus, the statue was still intact, now it lies on the ground in the form of broken fragments. It is difficult to understand from the broken debris how high this statue reached when it was intact. But according to the estimated calculations of archaeologists, its weight was about 1000 tons, and the weight of the pedestal on which the statue "sat" was 750 tons!
The face of the statue of the Ramesseum is carefully knocked down. They obviously tried to break it into parts - a cut recess passes through the head. Since cutting the statue into building materials is simply meaningless, we can conclude that they deliberately sought to destroy it. Drawings of the 19th century indicate that the face of the statue was beaten off not so long ago - in just the last one and a half hundred years.
It is strange that, destroying all signs of the statue's face, and its head as a whole, cartouches with the name of Ramses II on the statue itself and on the pedestal remained practically untouched. The head of another statue, which is much smaller and located not far from the colossus, also remained almost intact. The question arises: was Ramses depicted on this statue? And was it built under him?
In the entire complex of the Ramesseum, there is no longer a single piece of pink granite, from which the statue of Ramses II and the pedestal are made. Neither the size of the statue, nor the quality of its workmanship, which is still noticeable on the carefully polished surface, in no way correspond to the hand-made production of the New Kingdom. The quality of the hieroglyphs and cartouches in the granite of the colossus leaves no doubt that it was made with the help of machinery. The head of the statue, which stands not far from the colossus, was also made of granite.
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It is striking that all other elements of the Ramesseum complex (walls, colonnades, statues) are of poor quality, even smaller limestone statues are made not monolithic, but from separate bricks. Conclusion: the colossus and the temple were built in different historical periods.
Perhaps the statue was built during the reign of the ancient gods of Egypt, and Ramses II built his temple complex around the colossus, which is evidence of an ancient civilization (before the time of the pharaohs). Perhaps the face of the statue was not of Ramses, but of some ancient god, at the time of which it was built.
An interesting detail: the head of the statue in the Ramesseum has alternating stripes of polished and unpolished granite. Perhaps the sculptor thus wanted to depict hair or some characteristic detail of the headdress. However, absolutely the same element is found on the head of the Sphinx on the Giza plateau. And if there is evidence of a very ancient age of the Sphinx, then the presence of a series of stripes on the head of the statue in the Ramesseum indicates its creation during the civilization of the ancient gods of Egypt.
Indirect evidence that the civilization of the time of the pharaohs arose on the ruins of a much more ancient and more developed civilization, provide us not only with stone objects of Egypt, but also inscriptions and images on them.
For quite a long time, linguists noticed that the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic writing arose as if overnight and out of nowhere. Moreover, at once, in a very perfect form, which under normal conditions requires many centuries (if not millennia) of development. A fact that is completely inexplicable from the standpoint of orthodox Egyptology, but which is quite consistent with the claims of the ancient Egyptians themselves that all the arts (including writing) were taught by the gods.
The real facts in Egypt contradict the official historical doctrine, but they agree very well with the ancient myths. Therefore, in search of an answer to questions about who the gods are and where they came from, it makes sense to turn to the same myths.
According to Manetho, the pharaonic dynasties were preceded by four other dynasties - two gods, one demigods, and one transitional dynasty. At first, seven great gods ruled Egypt for a total of 12,300 years: Ptah ruled for 9,000 years; Ra - 1000 years, Shu - 700 years; Geb - 500 years; Osiris - 450 years old; Seth - 350 years old; Horus - 300 years old. The second dynasty of gods consisted of twelve divine rulers, the first of whom was the god Thoth; they ruled for 1570 years. This was followed by a dynasty of thirty demigods, who ruled for 3650 years. Then, for 350 years, there was no ruler in Egypt; during this period of chaos, seven mortal rulers were replaced. And only then Men (Menes) initiated the first dynasty of people and built a new capital dedicated to the god Ptah - Memphis.
If we proceed from what the Egyptologists call 3050 BC for the time of the accession of Menes, the following chronology of the reign of the gods of Egypt (years BC) can be drawn up: Ptah - 20920-11920; Ra - 11920-10920; Shu - 10920-10220; Geb - 10220-9720; Osiris - 9720-9270; Seth - 9270-8920; Horus - 8920-8620; That and 11 gods - 8620-7050; 30 demigods - 7050-3400; Chaos - 3400-3050; Men - 3050- …
It is curious that in the Turin papyrus Shemsu-Horus is mentioned as the rulers of Egypt who ruled up to Menes. True, there are also completely discouraging last two lines of the column, where the sum is summed up: “Venerable Shemsu-Gor - 13,420 years old; reign to Shemsu-Gor - 23,200 years; in total - 36620 years!
Author: Valentina Zhitanskaya
