The universe we observe is home to 200 billion galaxies, distributed at very different distances from the Earth and from each other.
The more distant the galaxy, the faster it seems to move away from us, as the fabric of space itself seems to expand. This means that over time, matter continues to expand and becomes less dense as the universe swells like a ball.
Today it is the generally accepted scientific theory known as the Big Bang Theory. According to modern concepts, the Universe we are now observing arose 13.799 ± 0.021 billion years ago from some initial singular state and since then has been continuously expanding and cooling, forming stars, galaxies and planets.
Now, however, a team of radical astrophysicists-cultists from the University of Waterloo in Canada has proposed replacing the Big Bang with another of its varieties - a black hole. This led experimental scientists to speculate that our universe is really just a thin film on the event horizon of an immensely huge black hole that has existed since the beginning of time.
A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such powerful gravitational acceleration that nothing - not even light - can escape from it.
At the center of a black hole is a gravitational singularity, a one-dimensional point that contains an inconceivably huge mass in infinitesimal space.
Density and gravity at this point become infinite on the spacetime singularity curves, which means that the laws of physics, as we understand them, cease to function there.
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But while black holes and the Big Bang have common mathematical features, there is an important difference between them. The fact is that, according to generally accepted concepts, the Universe is protected from Chaos, raging behind a black hole by its event horizon - as if a cosmic watershed, from which nothing can escape.
Robert Mann, professor of physics and applied mathematics, told Express.co.uk why he and his team suggested that we live not in an “expanding universe,” but in a four-dimensional black hole formed by the collapse of a five-dimensional star:
“This idea came up about four years ago when we were discussing all this with Niaesh Afshordi, another Waterloo professor. Our main idea was that perhaps the singularity of the universe is like the singularity at the center of a black hole. The idea was in a sense motivated by an attempt to unify the concepts of singularity and fill in the gaps in general relativity. Therefore, we looked at the Big Bang purely mathematically and came to the conclusion that the Big Bang is absolutely analogous to the process of the formation of a black hole, but only proceeds as if in reverse.
Professor Mann continues: “We also want to build into our theory some ideas from holography, according to which the physics of gravity in +1 dimensions of space and time is equivalent to non-gravitational physics in one smaller dimension. Since this was discussed, the idea was that we live in a dimension below the fifth and our Universe, for an observer from the fifth dimension, is like a mathematical membrane of zero thickness stretched on the surface of a five-dimensional star, which is currently collapsing and turning into black hole.
Thus, according to this new theory, our three-dimensional world, together with its fourth time dimension, is nothing more than a "membrane" in a much larger fifth-dimensional universe. We, the inhabitants of the three-dimensional world, cannot imagine this in any way, but the theory is apparently correct - since it is supported by the equations of mathematics and the dogmas of string theory.
It is important to note that from the point of view of theoretical science, the proposal of astrophysicists makes predictions that can be verified experimentally. In particular, if we really live in a huge black hole, according to the equations of gravity, there should be certain fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background radiation, the so-called echo of the big bang.
Therefore, now, trying to confirm or deny this theory of "echo of the big bang" looking for satellites of the European Space Agency, which are now in orbit.