Scientists have been talking about the resettlement of mankind to another planet for a long time. It is important to understand that for the implementation of such a task, a number of very important criteria are required, with which we invite you to familiarize yourself.
Migration to another planet is a topic often discussed by astronomers, according to their recent forecasts, the development of new planets may take more than 40 years for mankind. Experts believe that the most suitable celestial bodies for colonization are exoplanets, Joinfo.ua writes. Scientists do not exclude the fact that cyborgs will soon live on Earth.
Exoplanets are planets outside our solar system. The great Italian scientist Galileo Galilei first thought about their existence. Astrom realized that our Sun is a star, like millions of others, visible to them in the firmament. It would be fair to assume that planets also revolve around them, as Nicolaus Copernicus, the creator of the heliocentric system of the world, proved. But it would take hundreds of years to develop telescopes powerful enough to view exoplanets.
The first exoplanet
The first exoplanet was discovered in 1995, and since then the number of discovered planets is growing very rapidly, thousands of other exoplanets have been discovered. At first, scientists could only see gas giant planets, akin to our Jupiter, but over time, the equipment became so sensitive that it was able to detect planets like Earth.
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No one knows if there is life on exoplanets, and if there is: is it very different from our forms? But humanity needs a planet for resettlement as similar as possible to its native Earth. Maybe we won't find a second home at all, and here's why:
Astronomers are looking for a potentially habitable planet similar to Earth, guided by the habitable zone - a conditional area in space, determined by astronomers' calculations, where the conditions of the planets in it will be close to Earth's. It is also very important to have water in a liquid state of aggregation on such planets.
Planet type
A planet suitable for settlement must be from an earth group and not consist of gas. Based on this, an Earth-like planet could be a satellite orbiting a gas planet like Saturn. Also, if we are looking for a planet for further relocation, we also need to consider size. An exoplanet must be similar in size to Earth in order to have approximately the same gravity.
More than a hundred planets from the earth group have been found, but they are all much larger than the Earth. At the moment, telescopes capable of "looking" even further into space are still being developed, but their work will begin by 2025.
Temperature
For people in the future inhabiting an exoplanet, temperature will be very important. The planet should be neither too hot nor too cold.
The temperature of planets depends on the temperature of the star around which they revolve, as well as on the distance between celestial bodies. The temperature also depends on the chemical processes in the planet's atmosphere: different molecules absorb and give off heat in different ways. For example, the temperature on our Venus is significantly higher than on Mercury, although the latter is closer to the Sun. What's the matter? The answer lies in the atmosphere of Venus, which works like a greenhouse, absorbing solar heat, but not at all in a hurry to give it away.
Atmosphere
Astronomers do not yet have the equipment to study the atmosphere of planets similar to Earth.
But an inhabited planet must have an atmosphere very close to Earth in composition. It should be composed of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. If the planet's atmosphere contains too many heat-retaining gases, then it will be too hot for life on it. On the other hand, the planet should not have an atmosphere that is too small, like Mars.
solar system
An inhabited planet must have a clear and stable orbit around the star.
Many exoplanets have been found in binary systems, where the planet orbits two stars instead of one. Planets in such unusual systems usually have disproportionate orbits, due to which the planet literally boils or freezes for some time of the year.