For the first time, Japanese scientists were able to grow artificial skin with functioning hair follicles, glands and nerves. This is reported in the journal Science Advances, and briefly about the new technique tells The Guardian.
The researchers worked with experimental mice. First, they created three-dimensional clumps of cells that resemble embryos. Under the influence of chemicals, cells extracted from the gums of animals were transformed into induced pluripotent stem cells.
Then these "embryoids" were implanted in animals suffering from immune deficiencies, where they underwent the process of further development. This stage was necessary so that skin implants could grow without the risk of rejection by the animal's body. Finally, the "finished" skin was transplanted into healthy mice. As a result, scientists obtained a fully functional integumentary tissue.
“Until recently, the development of artificial skin technologies was hampered by the fact that it lacked important organs - hair follicles and glands with external secretion. Now we have managed to grow skin capable of such functions,”said lead author Takashi Tsuji.
Previously, researchers were able to obtain from stem cells only thin layers of epithelial cells (the outer layer of the skin, devoid of functional elements). The tissue obtained in Dr. Tsuji's laboratory was able to connect with neighboring skin, nerves and muscles without any problems. In addition, hair began to grow on her.
The discovery by Japanese scientists will help in the treatment of severe burns, as well as provide an alternative to testing cosmetics on animals.