Disputes and discussions in articles, forums on topics related to the construction of ancient megalithic objects in South America do not subside: in Peru, Bolivia. Several versions have been put forward, but none gives an exact answer as to how it was done! I propose to look towards the version of "plasticine technology", casting or stamping of blocks of these structures from plastic geo-concrete masses, namely, from the outlets of cold masses of fluidolites from the bowels of the Earth.
Quite an interesting version of why stone masses can increase in size, I put forward in the article “How stones grow. Scientific explanation”.
When viewing such photos, the eye clings to the presence of "nipples" that are on almost every block. Many versions and reasons for their appearance have been put forward.
The official version says that these are "bridges", they remained when the block was cut from the stone massif and served to fix the block. But on masonry, they are always located at the bottom of the block. There are none at the top. Why and why were they not cut down?
I think they were formed with an increase in the volume of the hardening mass into the made rectangular and round holes in the formwork. These are holes for reducing the pressure on the formwork from the bulging masses. Below I will give a little proof of this. There is a question about the chamfer along the contour of each block. The answer is given in the video:
This has been done and is being done for beauty.
Promotional video:
Wall with polygonal masonry in Cusco. The trace from the pressed post into the masonry when they were still plastic. I think he fixed the masonry itself so that it would not bend so.
The photo shows swollen blocks with an uneven upper edge and traces on the rock from the masonry are visible. How can this be, if not only the rock itself was plastic.
Rock was once a plastic mass. The blocks, with an increase in their volume, pressed into the rock, left an imprint in it. I suppose that the material for the blocks was extracted by the ancient builders from these "plasticine" mountains, which later became petrified almost simultaneously with the blocks. The builders did not mix concrete - nature did it for them, or rather, it happened during catastrophic geotectonic processes of mountain building. It was then that these masses were squeezed out onto the surface of the Earth.
Perhaps some would say that the builders flattened the vertical surface of the rock to flatten it. Why did they make it flat only for individual blocks, and not completely level the site?
If someone asks: why did this breed swell while gaining strength? The answer is given at the link at the beginning of the article. In short, the composition contained a certain percentage of the rock of the type of bentonite clay, which, when moisture enters it, swell and increase in size by 10-15 times.
Erosion or something got into the geo-concrete under the formwork?
Geometrically correct indentations in the lower parts of the blocks.
This is done on purpose. Above I gave a photo with "nipples" on the blocks. Most likely, in this case, it was the builders who closed the holes in the formwork in this way, and these bars left their mark, an imprint on the blocks. It is logical to use the formwork many times. It was used both in the process of filling blocks with "nipples" and without them. What do you think, what was the reason for this method? Saving formwork materials?
Defects in the formwork led to such marks. At the top you can see marks from the formwork, where the boards were used exactly.
Irregularly shaped block. Why does the bottom of the block hang down so much as if it has flowed? Apparently, the ancient builders removed the formwork early, and then tried to rectify the situation by pushing the masses upward. But why didn't you remove the excess?
Previously * plasticine * mass. Formwork traces are visible.
Machu Picchu. Excavations at the beginning of the 20th century.
This is the same building in the center of the photo. The city was found the city in 1911. expedition of the archaeologist Hiram Bingham. Different levels of masonry are visible. Megalithic and primitive.
A photograph of our time.
Pay attention to the traces of the formwork on all the lower monoliths. The structure looks like some kind of hangar.
Mass bulges out in the monolith. If the builders used mechanical processing of the rock, why was it not cut down? Most likely, one of the boards in the formwork broke or was specially removed during the rock swelling.
A protruding seam could have formed when the geo-concrete rock pressed into the gap between the formwork boards.
I think they used the same formwork here. Filled in one part of the monolith, moved - filled in the second. The distance between them was filled with smaller batches of geo-concrete. Above, the bulky formwork was not raised, but a small one was used for smaller blocks.
It reminds me of forming blocks right in the wall using modern TISE technology:
Only the ancient formwork was different. And they kneaded not a loose solution, but a pasty geo-concrete.
Cuzco. The rocky outcrops smoothed out by what forces. Perhaps these are the outlets of fluidolites. By type of mineral tuff? And the builders scraped off the masses from them to form blocks.
Central block with formwork defects.
Peru. Traces in * plasticine * masses.