With the improvement of st. Lenin, it was revealed that the gallery, which is located along the Museum. Vrubel, is in disrepair and there is a threat of collapse. It turns out that the brick walls of the gallery stand without a foundation, there is no waterproofing either, as a result of which they have become completely unusable (you can practically pull out every brick with your hands).
At the moment, the Ministry of Culture is reconstructing the gallery, or rather, rebuilding it - the old gallery was dismantled.
And this is what opened up to our eyes - a full-fledged floor, which for some reason was either filled up, or something else happened to it …
Many of you will now say, “This building has sunk so much. The cultural layer. This is a basement room. Let's take a look at the points.
The building sank
Firstly, the building never subsides evenly, the soil under the foundation has a different bearing capacity in different parts of it. That is why new houses in the first few years after construction can give minor cracks, over time the building "finds its place" and subsidence stops completely.
Promotional video:
Secondly, the building cannot "sink" so deeply, well, unless, of course, the foundation has a very small support area, but this is impossible. Basically, the foundations of buildings and structures are needed for two purposes: to provide rigidity and to reduce the specific load per unit of soil area. Both of these parameters are related - by reducing the load on the ground (making the foundation wider), we automatically increase the rigidity of the structure. If even one parameter was chosen (calculated) incorrectly, the building would have cracked and collapsed rather than plunged so deeply, and it would not have stood for so long. It should also be borne in mind that the deeper, the higher the density of the soil (well, this is natural - hello Kolskaya), and the mass and density of the building remains unchanged. That is, a thing with a lower density cannot sink in materials of higher density,like polystyrene, it cannot drown in water …
Cultural layer
Usually the cultural layer (it is generally not clear which stoned man came up with such an expression) consists of various garbage, horse manure, chips, etc., and in this case we observe a layer of clay, and the layers of clay are very similar to the layers that I saw on the banks of the Dravert - read, very interesting. I almost forgot one important point, even if it is a cultural layer, where did so much soil, garbage, manure come from, did people drag them from a quarry with their feet (somewhere there should be less)? And then how many people should have been and where is this quarry?
This is a basement room
Well, of course, it's great to have a basement room, and even cool, where food is stored longer … The problem is that basements are not made in this way, and even less windows and doors are made in this form and in such quantity. Usually, if a basement is needed, then it is made deaf, without an abundance of windows and doors, and there is only one entrance from the street - for carrying food. A lot of windows and doors are heat loss, but in this case the meaning of a cool basement?
Gallery. According to the official version, the building used to be a commercial building, and the gallery served as a passage to the basement from the street. But what's strange is that the gallery itself was built after the construction of the main building, which means that it was not originally planned. This is proved by the fact that the gallery does not have its own foundation at all, like the retaining walls on Lyubinsky (most likely they were built at the same time), its fastening to the building was made in a makeshift and unreliable way.
Let's now look at the photo of each element carefully
02. Why do we need such windows at all? “Before, there was no electricity,” you say, and the windows lit up the basement. Yes, there is a reason to have such windows, it will really be brighter. But why are they so tall? A large window area is located in the gallery - why, what does it illuminate there and what is it for? By the way, initially the windows were higher, they were partially laid from below - this will be clearly visible in the following photos!
Doors. Even the old wooden doors have survived, which once (according to my assumption) faced the street.
The building itself has undergone a deep reconstruction, this is evidenced by the interfloor overlap (it will "fit" on the windows of the lower floor - a white strip behind the glass), and according to the official version, it was previously a commercial building, which means there were no marble stairs, they were not needed just. New plastic windows were inserted from the interior of the building, which, as can be seen from the photo, are smaller than the old ones - apparently cold blows to the museum staff. Can you imagine how cold it was before, when there was no central heating and the windows were wooden? Or was the climate milder at the time? The old windows themselves, as I said, were lower than they are now. The logical conclusion is that the floor slab was located above the existing position (approximately between the windows), and the wooden door led to a flight of stairs most likely.
Another old door. The metal hook on top most likely served to attach the lantern, previously this was exactly what was done to illuminate the porch.
In all doorways there are metal hinges for fastening very massive metal doors, as evidenced by the hinges themselves and the shape of the counterpart. We can judge the shape of the counterpart by the cutout in the opening. (The lower part of the windows is bricked up).
In general, on the outside of the wall there are many different metal pins of unknown purpose.
Another door, just insulated for some reason … This photo clearly shows how handicraft the gallery was attached to the main walls of the building.
The basement windows were partially covered. There is no plaster on the masonry, and in some openings the bricks stick out (the window in the left corner of the photo)!
Many doorways are bricked up.
Proof that the gallery was built later than the building itself - there is no foundation, the quality of the masonry is much worse!
This is not a cultural layer, it is clay - sedimentary rock!
Unfortunately, the workers are not faced with the task of reaching the foundation of the building, so they stopped at this level …
But apparently, the foundation is already close, as something like a grillage is visible. Slight widening of the wall at the foundation.
By the way, such oddities are not only near the museum building. For example, the building of Valikhanov 4. I took it off during the reconstruction of the street. Here, in general, the windows look into the ground and there is no gallery …
And here is Kazan. In Kazan, a generally valuable underground quarter with roads and gutters was dug up.
In 1999-2000, in the course of archaeological and restoration work throughout the entire space of the Luzhetsky monastery, builders removed a two-meter layer of earth.
It used to be like this …
I don’t know about you, but for me everything is obvious - the building was flooded as a result of some natural disasters that happened quite recently, about 200-250 years ago, perhaps at the time when there was a year without summer, at that time the mammoths extinct, which are now thawing in large quantities, and animals eat them.
It is a pity, but many do not see things that are obvious in my opinion, prefer not to think with their own heads, but to listen to various historians who have a professional deformation and simply retell what they have read or heard earlier, taking it for the truth.
This is the case with the exhibits in the Vrubel Museum - many walk, look, but see only beautiful things, only a few think about how they are made. Even now, humanity cannot repeat many of the exhibits presented (with available technologies), and this is only what they show us, and what is in special storage facilities?
They are clearly hiding something from us!