The number Ф (1.618) fills all living beings and the relationship between them. Consequently, sociocultural and, in general, civilizational processes can also be associated with this relationship. Numerous researchers of the dynamics of such processes inevitably invaded the world of cycles. But the question always arose about the degree of formalization of the processes they studied. The article attempts to show how the discussed number also appeared in the thick of the world of cycles, bringing it to uniformity.
It is noteworthy that the number Ф (1.618) fills all living beings and, as one might assume, also the relationship between them. Consequently, sociocultural and, in general, civilizational processes can also be associated with this relationship. Numerous researchers of the dynamics of such processes (P. Sorokin, N. Kondrat'ev, L. Gumilev, A. Toynbee, S. Huntington) inevitably invaded the world of cycles. But the question always arose about the degree of formalization of the processes they studied. An attempt is made to show how the discussed number was also in the thick of the world of cycles, bringing it to uniformity.
1
A lot of experiments have been carried out in order to find out human preferences in shape and proportion. The number Ф (phi) discovered by Euclid, equal to approximately 1.618 and called the "golden ratio", turned out to be the required number, and, as it is already clear, is compatible with human psychology. However, there are still plenty of mysteries associated with it. One of the not-so-recent ones was presented by the Temple of the Inscriptions in Palenque (Mayan culture), where a jade mosaic mask was found that covered the face of a man lying in a sarcophagus, opened on July 15, 1952, having lain in the body of the pyramid untouched for about 1250 years. It is noteworthy that the refractive index of jade ranges from 1.600 to 1.627, and the number Ф is exactly 2/3 (0.666 is the "number of the beast") of the distance from the first number to the second;and it was this mineral that the Maya preferred when coding their secrets.
It is noteworthy that the number Ф fills with itself all living beings and, as can be assumed, also the relationship between them. Consequently, socio-cultural and, in general, civilization processes can also be associated with this remarkable relationship: (1 + 5½) / 2. Numerous researchers of the dynamics of such processes (P. Sorokin, N. Kondrat'ev, L. Gumilev, A. Toynbee, S. Huntington - far from a complete list of them) inevitably invaded the world of cycles. But the question always arose about the correctness of the mathematical models they used, or, more precisely, about the degree of formalization of the processes they investigated: what cannot be rigorously expressed by mathematics cannot claim to be true.
Let us try to show how the discussed number has also appeared in the thick of the world of cycles, bringing it to uniformity.
Promotional video:
Let's draw a rectangle A so that its sides will relate to each other as 1: 1.618 (Fig. 1). Adding square B to its larger side, we get a new rectangle AB with the same aspect ratio property. We construct squares C, D, E and subsequent ones according to the same rules. If we now connect the corners of all rectangles (marked with asterisks in Fig. 1), then we get a spiral (Fig. 2).
Now we represent the form of the resulting curve in Cartesian coordinates as a function of the Y ordinate from the angle between the horizontal axis and the vector, which "drew" our spiral (Fig. 3).
At first glance, the result does not suggest any sensible idea. However, with the fragments obtained in Fig. 3 curve on the segments multiples of 2π we have already met.
Analyzing the assumption of L. N. Gumilyov that the dynamics of the passionarity of the ethnic system (PS) obeys the same laws that determine the process of burning a fire, we had to abandon both this assumption and the principles of the historian's gradation of the dynamics of the ethnosystem's passionarity into phases in attempts to mathematically formalize this gradation. It seems that the characteristic points of the first partial derivative PS of time τ (∂ PS (t, n) / ∂ t, where n is the number of subethnos in the ethnosystem) can serve as a more intelligible basis for calculating the coordinates of the points of phase transitions.
And then Fig. 3 becomes meaningful: each segment of the curve on the abscissa, limited by one revolution of the spiral of the "golden ratio" (RR), is a graphic display of the derivative of a function that is not yet clear to us in the next cycle of civilization.
What does this "mysterious function" look like in the general case? Aren't the above-listed masters actually talking about the same thing? Wasn't this function described much earlier: in the books of the Avesta, in Buddhist treatises? And how many cycles of the spiral can there be; that is: is the process of its promotion endless?
2
At the very moment when we said something, our words immediately became history - just look at the second hand of the clock at the end of the sound of our phrase: the hand moved inexorably forward. Any events, any of our actions immediately become the past. Consequently, the present does not exist at all, it does not manifest itself in any way, it cannot be fixed by any instruments and any tricks! Otherwise, we would say that we managed to stop time! Thus, the present is just the boundary region of events between the past and the future, as an analogue of an insurmountable energy barrier for the movement of electrons in a closed pn junction of a semiconductor diode. Consequently, living constantly in the past, all past events of history are modern for mankind in the sense thatthat have a genesis identical to modern events, are in the same dimension with our "yesterday-today". Accordingly, the words spoken thousands of years ago are not archaic at all, and the reasons that gave rise to this or that effect at one time are not much different from today; they are understandable and close to us.
And as an example-explanation of what has been said, let us turn to Buddhism.
Vasubandhu is the author of the "Buddhist Encyclopedia" (Abhidharmakosha, V century AD), in its third section, in fact, describes the stages of human development on Earth and the reasons for their change:
“-Was there a king among the people who lived in the first cosmic kalpa?
- Not!
- What happened then?
People who lived in the first cosmic kalpa [Race I - AG] were like inhabitants of the world of forms. The sutra says: “They have a physical form, are generated by the mind, have seven organs and members of the body without any flaws and highly developed abilities, are beautiful, with a pleasant skin color, self-luminous, moving through the air, living with joy, that is, having joy in quality. food, with a long life span, that is, living long.
And then gradually, due to the attraction to taste, these living beings, who were in such conditions, had at their disposal the juice of the earth, which tastes like honey. And then one of these creatures, possessing the most impatient nature, smelling the juice, tasted it and ate it. Then others did the same. This was the beginning of the consumption of material food.
Thanks to the constant practice of consuming such food, the bodies of these living beings became dense and heavy, and the radiance disappeared [people of the II Race appeared! - A. G.]. The result was darkness, and then the sun and moon appeared.
Gradually, these creatures, overwhelmed with a passionate desire for taste, also disappeared the juice of the earth and a thin earthy cake (earthy foam) appeared. They began to feel a greedy attraction to him, and over time, this earthy cake also disappeared. Then creeping forest plants appeared. They also developed a greedy attraction, but they too disappeared.
Then wild rice appeared - they began to eat it too. Since it was of a rough quality, to remove toxins from living beings, channels appeared for the excretion of urine and feces, as well as female and male genital organs, differing in shape [people of the III Race appeared. And the further presentation is a list of the reasons for the decline of the Lemurian, that is, the III-rd Race - A. G.]. And now, seeing each other, due to the former habit of rejoicing at each other, living beings become a victim of erroneous ideas about the reasons for this joy, which subsequently caused sensual attraction; from that time on, they degrade. For the inhabitants of the sensible world, this is the beginning of their possession by the evil spirit of desire.
Earlier, living beings brought rice in the evening for the evening meal, and in the morning for the morning meal. And one of these creatures, being lazy by nature, made a reserve. Others, looking at him, also began to stock up. And then they had the concept of "mine".
Rice, which they continued to cut all the time, was no longer born. Therefore, having divided the fields among themselves, they appropriated them and began to plunder strangers. This is how theft appeared.
In order to prevent theft, people gathered and singled out from their midst a special person who, for a sixth of the harvest, was supposed to guard the fields. This keeper of the fields became known as a kshatriya; this is how the concept of "kshatriya" appeared. Since he was the chosen king, about whom many people came to an agreement, and suited all subjects, the name "King of Mahasammata" arose [the name of the first mythical king, the ancestor of the dynasty of kings in the last kalpa - A. G.] This is the beginning of the dynasty of kings.
Those who renounced home life and chose solitude were called brahmanas.
Subsequently, under one of the kings, theft began to flourish among those who, out of greed, did not share the established share. The king used weapons against them. So others started saying, "We didn't do that." This marked the beginning of a lie.
Since then, with such a spread of bad behavior, the duration of human life began to gradually decrease, and in the end, people began to be born, whose life expectancy is only ten years.
Consequently, the generating causes of this general flow of misfortunes and misfortunes (degeneration) are two dharmas: a passionate attraction to the sensation of taste and laziness”” [3].
The question arises about the identity and immutability in time of the fundamental ideas of a person about the world order for a long period before the emergence of Christianity to the structure of the person himself. If this were so, it would mean that a person of the V (last) Race lives on Earth forever and religion, as an institution, has also existed for centuries. But this is nonsense. Otherwise, it would turn out that the Creator created a person in the physical shell that we see now. But this form of materiality of the body is in a struggle with many elements of the planet: it does not get along with either water or air space, … But after all, God is Good, God is Love, and He could not create something that would be something was in conflict with something else - something that was also created by Him! Consequently, the primary form of human materiality was different,than now, and was not initially at odds with nature (with that, with Primary nature!). In this regard, it becomes reasonable to assume the presence of several discrete transformations of the materiality of the physical body of a person, which can result in the fixation in our minds of several forms of materiality of homo sapiens at certain time intervals. This means that there was a man (more precisely, a rational being) of the IV, III, … of the I Race, that is, almost God (we offer our condolences to Charles Darwin and the adherents of his theory). And why does almost God need religion? That is, religion did not appear on Earth immediately.the result of which can be the fixation in our minds of several forms of materiality of homo sapiens at certain time intervals. This means that there was a man (more precisely, a rational being) of the IV, III, … of the I Race, that is, almost God (we offer our condolences to Charles Darwin and the adherents of his theory). And why does almost God need religion? That is, religion did not appear on Earth immediately.the result of which can be the fixation in our minds of several forms of materiality of homo sapiens at certain time intervals. This means that there was a man (more precisely, a rational being) of the IV, III, … of the I Race, that is, almost God (we offer our condolences to Charles Darwin and the adherents of his theory). And why does almost God need religion? That is, religion did not appear on Earth immediately.
A little earlier, Vasubandhu was described by people of another Aryan tribe in one of the books of the Avesta (in Bundahishna - "Creation of the Basis") in a different style - through the description of the stages of the struggle between the creator Ohrmazd and Ahriman (the Spirit of Evil) - but also four phases of the development of civilization.
And if Buddhist history turned out to be subject to interpretation by modern logic and also supported by another religious source of knowledge, then there is little doubt about the assertions of the adherents of the teachings of Prince Shakyamuni and Zarathushtra about the four that have already passed and the fifth, final macrocivilization cycle on our planet. Thus, the maximum number of cycles of the "golden spiral" is five, … which is further confirmed by the five-pointed star - the main religious symbol of the Zoroastrians.
Let us explain. In crystallography, the number "five" is forbidden. The fact is that it is impossible to compose a crystal lattice, the basis of any solid body, from pentagons; she will definitely end up with "voids" that nature abhors. It is very easy to verify this by cutting out several regular pentagons from cardboard and trying to combine them all; voids will surely arise. This idea turns out to be a failure, but only on the plane. In other words, a star (described by a regular pentagon) is a kind of symbol of the impossibility of building life, i.e. is a symbol of death.
However, the soccer ball is made of pentagonal leather patches of regular shape, which are perfectly sewn together on a spherical shell without any gaps, representing a kind of inflated dodecahedron, the twelve faces of which we are so impelled to inscribe either with the names of the signs of the Zodiac, or (what, according to S. I. Valyansky and D. V. Kalyuzhny, they are the same thing) with the names of the twelve children of the Red Sun (that is, Prince Vladimir): in the name of Vysheslav, who raises glory higher, the constellation Taurus, raising the sun with its horns in the spring (April - the beginning of the year), … Yaroslav - of fierce glory - the constellation Leo, where the sun gets a burning heat in August, … Stanislav - the camp of glory - the baptist of the planets Aquarius (the Sun is "baptized" in February), … Sudislava - the judges of glory - Orion, that is, astrological symbol of Christ.
By the way: if the Earth is described by a dodecahedron (which can be done in the only way according to A. Belyaev), then into which constellations and when exactly do the perpendiculars, rebuilt to its twelve planes, "look"? - a word to astronomers.
Thus, the star (described by a regular pentagon) is both a symbol of death and a symbol of life - it was difficult to come up with the best sign to reflect the dualism of the doctrine of Zoroastrianism! However, it seems to us that this sign has a deeper meaning: the decline of the V-th Race is not a fatal phenomenon!
One more thing. According to Buddhist dogmas, “reality is fundamentally devoid of continuity. The world appears and disappears like flashes of light. " The same idea was defended and not unsuccessfully proven by Teilhard de Chardin, but was quickly "rammed" by the Vatican by the works of Cardinal Dietrich von Hildebrand, who met Father Teilhard in 1951 and noted then "the absolute incompatibility of his theological fiction with Christian revelation and with the teachings of the Church."
However, by the 21st century, a significant archive of experimental data had already accumulated in support of the provisions of the "Human Phenomenon"; for example, there are the results of over four thousand psychedelic sessions conducted by Stanislav Grof on himself and his participation in more than two thousand, in which a special technique of the so-called "holotropic breathing" was also used (in fact, going back to the practice of hesyche of Sts. Gregory Palamas and Seraphim of Sarov, about whom S. Grof apparently never heard anything). Recently Russian scientists have been given the opportunity to see the human airfield for all viewers. A discrete change in human forms was also defended by the Russian radomysl Daniil Andreev in the Rose of the World.
Based on the Buddhist axiom, on the opinions (or visions) of clearly not the "last" people of the planet and on strictly scientific data, it can be assumed that the spiral of the ZO in life reality is not a continuous function. At the end of each of its cycles (full revolution), it tends to zero, but never reaches it, at the same time starting its next cycle again from zero (as can be assumed, after the next planetary cataclysm and (or) passionary explosion). Then the desired function, by differentiating which we obtain the ZO spiral in Cartesian coordinates, will be similar in the nature of its dynamics to the Max Planck curve (which establishes the dependence of the spectral radiation density on its frequency and source temperature). We took it as a basis for describing the dynamics of the passionate energy of the ethnic system and not only it (Fig. 4).
At the same time, we believe that the points of phase transitions of ethnogenesis are determined by the characteristic points of the curve P ', where it takes absolute maximum values, where it crosses the abscissa axis, as well as the point at which the second derivative P' 'takes the maximum positive value. In this case, the process of ethnogenesis will be divided into phases, the number and, in part, the duration of which will differ from those proposed by L. N. Gumilev.
It remains to answer the remaining questions posed by us in the first part of this article, to explain in more detail the difference between our ideas about the phase transitions of ethnogenesis from those defended by the Russian historian and to offer our conclusions.
3
Preliminarily, it is worth noting that the mathematical description of any of the cyclic theories, perhaps to varying degrees, is based on all three of Newton's laws. Let us remind ourselves of them: the closed system continues to remain in a state of rest or rectilinear uniform motion (1st law); the force acting on the system from the outside leads to the acceleration of the system (2nd); the force of action is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of reaction (3rd law). However, with rare exceptions, all "cyclists" "got hung up" only on the latter.
So in the last century, R. Babson used Newton's third law as applied to economic theory and finance. And this turned out to be justified: he was one of the few who accurately predicted the date of the collapse of the American stock exchange in 1929.
And what about those of Babson's colleagues who mercilessly ridiculed him and others like him?
Irving Fisher, the world's most famous "economic guru", author of the "Bible of the Monetarists" whose every word that flew instantly appeared in the editorials of newspapers, on October 22, two days before "Black Tuesday" 1929, publicly declared: about a sharp change in the prices of securities, which will affect the general level of prices, has no basis. " The nation of Shareholders has not forgiven its idol for such a swindle.
Newton's third law (but not referring to it) a little later Rorger Babson was actively used in his works by the American sociologist, one of the passengers of Lenin's "Philosophical Steamer" P. A. Sorokin and almost simultaneously with him, but already in the field of economics when developing cycles of the economic conjuncture ND Kondratyev (executed in 1938). Then came A. Toynbee's turn (the challenge-export of imperatives of behavior from the Western ethnosystem to another and the response of the latter, in the opposite direction) and S. Huntington, whose graphic explanation of the result of the struggle not of the Western ethnosystem (civilization) in the coordinates “Westernization - modernization” turned out to be identical to the hypothetical curve of A. Toynbee and … a miserable similarity to the curve of the dynamics of the passionary tension of the ethnosystem in time by L. N. Gumilyov (three times a prisoner of the Gulag, although he received an exclusively humanitarian education, he knew the laws of the son of an English priest and used them all). And so a new, and absolutely extravagant ekpyrotic theory of the cyclic development of the Universe by P. Steinhardt and N. Tyurok appeared, in which multidimensional spaces with four, six and even eleven coordinates are mathematically described … exactly following the model of the Universe by Daniel Andreev.
The circle is complete.
In Fig. 5, along with the previously promised statement of our view on the sequence and total number of phases of ethnic dynamics (passionary tension) of the ethnosystem, we displayed a curve reflecting the course of the struggle between the ideational and sensual model of society in Sorokin's way. It should be noted that the last curve does not differ in principle from the graphic explanations to their theories by A. Toynbee, S. Huntington and N. D. Kondratyev. In our opinion, M. Plank and L. Gumilev were more meticulous and objective in analyzing the initial data when deriving their dependencies. As a substantiation of this statement, we will give only one example (out of many!).
P. A. Sorokin conducted the distribution of thinkers on a 12-point scale from ancient times up to the beginning of the 20th century. This list included 1,190 people who, to any significant extent, influenced the development of civilization, were the founders of schools, trends, stood at the origins of a new culture, breakthrough areas of science and were eventually recognized by the earthly community as extraordinary personalities. That list is crowned by Aristotle, Kant, Plato, Plotinus and Thomas Aquinas; the second group with a margin of two points is represented by St. Augustine alone. In the third group, having scored 9 points, were Diderot, Leibniz, Newton, Socrates and Nietzsche. Russian names appear only in the third group: Tolstoy and Dostoevsky; in the sixth - Lobachevsky and Vl. Soloviev … There are fifteen Russian thinkers in total, among which you can find completely forgotten names: Mikhailovsky,Strakhov, Galich, Lyubimov, Troitsky. The statistics are, frankly, sad; all the more so if we consider that Lomonosov was able to score only 4 points and was, therefore, only in the eighth group in the company of 182, also among the elite; fellow countrymen in that group were Aksakov, Vvedensky, Khomyakov, Chicherin plus members of the circle of Russian masons of the early 19th century.
The American sociologist deduced this ranking quite simply: including by the citation rate of works, that is, by the number of mentions of the names of applicants in the books of other authors. Frankly, there is logic in this approach, but as the hero of the famous film said: "I hesitate!"; and it would not hurt to remember the saying - "The cuckoo praises the rooster for praising that cuckoo!" For example, we were struck by the absence in this list of the name of the most mystical physicist of all times - Nikola Tesla, the “evaporation” from the register of DI Mendeleev and the “honorable” last place in it by M. Planck.
In our views, most of the "cyclists" simply did not reach the physicist's ingenious guess (Planck simply drew his curve at first, and only then derived the equation that describes it and, as they say, "hit the spot"), as well as L. Gumilyov's thoughtful analysis.
Thus, any sections of the dynamics of civilization (cultural, sociological, economic, ethnographic, etc.), in our opinion, differ little from each other when they are described by mathematical models and, accordingly, by graphic explanations; all cyclical theories are based on the same "golden ratio", and all cycles are subdivided into the same phases of development of their dynamics.
Let's give a small explanation to Fig. 5. On it, the point of phase transition from the Inertial phase to the phase of Obscuration (P ′ ′ = + max) is the “point of no return”, that is, the moment when internal behavioral attitudes - imperatives of behavior - become predominant in people's minds: “Be like us!”, “Day, yes mine!”, And the motto of complete degeneration and degradation is already beginning to thin out (“We don't need anything!”). After entering the phase of Obscuration, the nation loses all hope for any serious positive changes in its life because its passionate energy, excited by the once outstanding leaders of the human masses, turns out to be completely insufficient for any serious accomplishments; it simply dissipated.
The "point of no return" is located at a distance of approximately 1000 years from the date of the start of the next cycle (explosion of ethnogenesis), which took place in Russia around 1200 AD. (simultaneously - in Lithuania, Asia Minor and Ethiopia). Thus, the pessimism in forecasts of the country's development is only partially justified, the chances of getting out of the passionary pit have not yet been completely lost.
In the context of our topic, Fig. 6 is interesting, the curves on which are the "heirs" of the ZO spiral (shown without scale!). The figure reflects the course of the dynamics of development of civilizations of four races that have already perished in history and ours, the fifth and last. All their characteristics (peaks, points of phase transitions) are positioned equally on the time axis. But there are also striking differences: each new civilization developed at more and more significant rates, possibly due to the fact that at the final point of the passionary cycle of each previous Race, each subsequent civilization lost (forgot) more and more achievements of its predecessors, and restore them the representatives of the new Race had more and more difficulties; an increasingly vigorous pace of development was simply necessary. For example,the prospects of restoring the functions of the “3rd eye” by our Race are now practically unrealistic; some "problems" of the ancients have not been solved so far, for example, the problem of mathematical construction of the sign of Sri Yantra, the oldest image of which is located in the Srinagari Matha monastery, founded in the 8th century. According to A. P. Kulaichev, it turns out that already at the first simplest step of transformations, at least 1011 elementary operations should be performed, and the amount of computations at each subsequent step is at least 100 times greater than the previous one. And the study of the resulting resulting equation requires operating with numbers represented with an accuracy of at least four thousand decimal significant digits. Hence it is clear that such a task far exceeds the capabilities of the most powerful terrestrial supercomputers, which, to put it mildly,a little puzzling.
And only a small number of achievements of the previous Races can be considered restored: in astronomy and in the special field of medicine. Only quite recently was it possible to do what Vasubandhu wrote about in the "Teaching about Karma", moreover, in passing, in connection with the development of completely different problems of Buddhist dogmas: "- When one woman loses an embryo, and the other takes it into her womb, then who of them [is considered] his mother, whose murder becomes a mortal sin? The mother is the one from whose blood [comes] birth."
The people-"demigods" of the first Race, apparently, did not need to abruptly "rise" and "break" from somewhere, they owned the World - therefore, the curve of the dynamics of the development of this human community practically spreads over the axis of time. But already the phrases of the fathers of the III Race "But in our time …" due to the steepness of the civilizational dynamics began to be hardly understood by their children in about the same way as the current schoolchildren perceive the very recent events of the early XX century exclusively as "exotic". The grandfathers of the IV Race could hardly tell their grandchildren anything intelligible about the epoch-making achievements that took place at the dynamic peaks of the previous Races. But since it was necessary to say something (one can maintain one's authority, including through reverence for the ancestors!), Then echoes of history (even at the level of mythology),partially preserved skills and knowledge of previous Races, multiplied by fantasies and mystical images of dreams, gave rise to the rudiments of religion, which took shape already as exclusively imperial beliefs by the works of intellectuals and geniuses of the Spirit of our Race … That is, a civilization in which everything is traded, and in which, According to Nietzsche, “the trading spirit has a great task - to give people who are incapable of the flight of the spirit, a passion that would give them a broad goal and a rational use of the day, and which, at the same time, would level out everything individual. This trading spirit creates a new breed of people who play in our time the same role that slaves played in ancient times. " Having called on the electronic media to associate, this spirit is already close to success!which have already taken shape as exclusively imperial beliefs by the works of intellectuals and geniuses of the Spirit of our Race … That is, a civilization in which everything is traded, and in which, according to Nietzsche, “the trading spirit has a great task - to give people who are not capable of flying spirit, a passion that would give them a broad purpose and a rational use of the day, and which, at the same time, would neutralize everything individual. This trading spirit creates a new breed of people who play in our time the same role that slaves played in ancient times. " Having called on the electronic media to associate, this spirit is already close to success!which have already taken shape as exclusively imperial beliefs by the works of intellectuals and geniuses of the Spirit of our Race … That is, a civilization in which everything is traded, and in which, in Nietzsche's words, “the trading spirit has a great task - to give people who are incapable of spirit flight, a passion that would give them a broad purpose and a rational use of the day, and which, at the same time, would neutralize everything individual. This trading spirit creates a new breed of people who play in our time the same role that slaves played in ancient times. " Having called on the electronic media to associate, this spirit is already close to success!which would give them a broad purpose and a reasonable use of the day and which, at the same time, would level out everything individual. This trading spirit creates a new breed of people who play in our time the same role that slaves played in ancient times. " Having called on the electronic media to associate, this spirit is already close to success!which would give them a broad purpose and a reasonable use of the day and which, at the same time, would level out everything individual. This trading spirit creates a new breed of people who play in our time the same role that slaves played in ancient times. " Having called on the electronic media to associate, this spirit is already close to success!
Proceeding from the extremely steep road of civilization in the fifth cycle of the ZO spiral, which requires the highest qualifications of the drivers of the human masses, but in fact do not possess it, only more and more and more monstrous suffering awaits humanity; then the end … unless there are energetic forces of Good in society (not the forces of lambs, but the forces of wolves!), which are not yet traced in the current country (n) o-structure of Russia.
A. K. GOGOLEV
