Chapter 1. Old maps of St. Petersburg
Chapter 2. Ancient tale in the north of Europe
Chapter 3. Unity and monotony of monumental structures scattered around the world
Chapter 4. Capitol without a column … well, no way, why?
Chapter 5. One project, one architect or cargo cult?
Chapter 6. Bronze Horseman, who are you really?
The pedestal to the Bronze Horseman is not so simple either, I will not voice the official version of its transportation, it looks too funny from the side of mathematics. Let's recall the initial weight of the Thunder stone (they don't want to show it on Wikipedia), although historians stated the weight of 1600 tons. Now just math, what is the density of granite? The density of granite is 2600 kg per cubic meter, but what is the density of wood? Let's take a ship pine, its density is 520 kilograms per cubic meter at 15% moisture content … Now let's look at the picture.
Promotional video:
In the figure, the size of the pebble is 11X14X6 (height * length * width) is rough. Let's estimate the weight … 2,402.4 tons comes out.
On average, for all wood species, the compressive strength along the grain is (with rounding) 450 kg / cm2. The area of the timber under the stone barely stretches for ten square meters, plus there is a point load, balls between the bars, which means that the load is only a few square meters. Let's calculate the required tensile strength. Take the weight of the stone and divide it by the contact area, for example 10 square meters (although the actual contact area is much smaller), and we get the strength of 2402.4 kg / cm2. If you put a pyramid out of matches and put a two-pound weight on top, historians say you have to stand it, believe the historians? We figured out the transportation by land, let's talk about the transportation of stone by water.
What is the displacement of a wooden vessel? This is in Wikipedia, but the mathematical model is even simpler, take skis, put a pound weight on them and send them sailing, Will they swim? The story of the Thunder Stone transportation is also difficult to believe because initially not a single more or less serious ship physically could approach St. Petersburg - would run aground in the Marquis puddle, as the St. Petersburg "seaside" of the marsh type was ironically called in the 19th century. And all sorts of enemy flat-bottomed boats could be dealt with on the spot. Maybe that's why there never were any fortress walls near St. Petersburg, there is no need for them simply. And historians draw such colorful pictures of the transportation of stone on water. Not a single merchant ship could deliver goods directly to St. Petersburg, ships reached the island of Kotlin (Kronstadt),where the reloading took place on all sorts of boats and pontoon barges that could pass to the city. The merchants swore that the delivery of goods from some London or New York to Kronstadt costs the same as reloading and delivery from Kronstadt to St. Petersburg, but there were no options. There was a saying among English sailors of the early 19th century: "The path from London to Kronstadt is much shorter than from Kronstadt to Vasilievsky Island." See here for more information on this topic.than from Kronstadt to Vasilievsky Island”. See here for more information on this topic.than from Kronstadt to Vasilievsky Island”. See here for more information on this topic.
Historical reference:
The sea channel from Kronstadt to St. Petersburg was dug only at the end of the 19th century, which was a turning point in the history of the St. Petersburg port. The opening of the Sea Canal in 1885 allowed the port to receive ships with a large draft. The opening of navigation along the canal marked the beginning of the operation of the St. Petersburg Sea Port on Gutuevsky Island.
Painting by Alexander Karlovich Beggrov
"Opening of the sea channel in St. Petersburg in 1885".
One glance at Peter from space (googlemaps program) is enough to understand the whole absurdity of transporting the Thunder Stone through the Marquis puddle.
But we have been pushing this version for three hundred years already, and you know, it still runs with a bang !!!
Here's a simple version for you: millions of millions of boulders like the Thunder Stone are scattered across almost the entire territory of the European part of Russia. There are especially many of them in Karelia. And they are especially clearly visible from the plane. Boulder fields in our hemisphere are limited from the south. The limitation line can be drawn from the city of Perm to the middle reaches of the Don and Dnieper, and from here, outside Russia, it runs through Northern Germany and France to the Bay of Biscay. On the American continent, all of Canada and a significant part of the USA were once covered with ice. Glacial tongues descended to Florida. And the thunder stone lay, like those that were later split into building material. Thunder stone - boulder. It, like other boulders, was moved by a giant glacier that once covered vast spaces. In Karelia, boulder fields alternate with lakes,elongated from northwest to southeast. The glacier was moving in this direction, rolling over giant boulders. Its dimensions were such that he moved not only these, but also other, even larger blocks, like fluffs.
Illustration from the 11th Kankai Ibun scroll. The monument was drawn by a Japanese artist from the words of the interrogated sailors, nailed to the shores of Russia by shipwreck and many years later returned to Japan by the Russian embassy headed by NP Rezanov.
In general, the symbolism of the monument could be read as follows: On the crest of a wave, the warrior-liberator wins the Serpent (low thoughts and actions), but this was not a city event, and not even an event of the country, it was a global event. Only insignificant fragments were left in human memory, and it was decided to falsify the event itself.
Somewhere I have already seen such a monument
The history of stone measurements at different times is very interesting.
The damaged monument at first had a stone height of 8.23 m., But in 1769. For some reason the stone became lower by more than 2 meters, and in 1778 it shrunk by another 2 meters (restoration work may have begun), and … since 1882 (after final finishing) its height remains unchanged at 8.20 m. Let's pay attention to the fact that the author E. Falcone himself speaks about the height of 6.10 m, and who else, if not the author, know the exact height, or Falcone was not aware of the real height of the monument?
I quote:
The diploma of Alexander Filippovich of Macedon was at one time known to many educated people of the Planet, who repeatedly mentioned it in their oral statements and written works. But a more complete text is given in the book: "History of the honor of the name, glory and expansion of the Slavic people, and their kings and rulers under many name names, and with many kingdoms, kingdoms, and provinces." Collected from many historical books, through Mr. Mavroubin, Archimandrite of Raguzhsky. SPb. 1722. It is this text that we will try to comment on for non-specialists.
Help: Also, a similar text was published:
• Vatslav Gaikom, Iosif Pervolph (who found a copy in Latin);
• Markin Velsky (Chronicles of the whole world in 1551);
The mention of this Charter is in:
• the book of Mikhailo Vasilyevich Lomonosov (Ancient Russian History);
• documents of Catherine the Great (Notes on the Russian history);
• the book of St. Dmitry of Rostov (Chronicle, which says in short from the beginning of world existence to the birth of Christ)
In the encyclopedic literature Mavro Orbini (Croatian Mavro Orbin, Italian Mauro Orbini) (? - † 1614), originally from Ragusa, now Dubrovnik is a Croatian historian (Dubrovnik Republic), the founder of the Yugoslavian historical science, the spokesman for the idea of unity But his book was written in Italian (read - Italian) language, which says that he is an Italian from the Sicilian city of Ragusa and to the Slavs them? this is an indirect relationship. And what is the need for a Slav to describe the Slavic kingdom?
The book itself: "History of the honor of the name, glory and expansion of the Slavic people, and their kings and rulers under many name names, and with many kingdoms, kingdoms, and provinces" we can find in the Russian (Rumyantsev, Lenin) State Library ">
“We are Ale [ks] andr Filippovich, Tsar of Macedon, Sovereign of the Monarchy, the depicting leader of the state of the Greek, Great Dyaboga son through Natavan announced the owner of August, and Brahmans, and Arbons of the Sun, from the Sunrise to the Sunrise Slavs, and their language, the mercy of the world, and health from us, and from our inherited; who will be inherited by us in the direction of the light. We have always been naturally in the faith of truth, in arms they are courageous, and our guides, and our heroic warriors, we give you for this, and we inform you richly, forever, the entire part of the Northern land, even until the grand last Noon of the Italian, such and until the city so that someone would dare to stay there, to admit, or to live there, unless only yours. And if some will delight in perching, may there be troubles for you and their children,let your sons be uncomfortable.
It was given in the city of New Ale [ks] Andrew, which we founded on the great river Nila, in the second summer to hope for our reign to represent us to the great god Iovish Mars and Pluto, and the goddess Menerva. The witnesses of this matter are the noble Alceta - our chancellor, and the other only ten princes, whom, after our death, without our heritage, We leave our heirs and all the universe.
This letter of honor is one of the ancient ones, which other people of the universe can show, as a testament to the courage of their ancestors. It should not appear strangely in the predicted literacy, this utterance, Slavon, not even Slavona, and glory marks the glorious, and glorious, all are the same essence, as it is said above: the city of Agriya, existing in Dacia, was created from Esenov between the mountains and the Rhodopes of neighboring Macedonia."
And now, after all that has been read, the official version of the Bronze Horseman
The model of the equestrian statue of Peter was made by the sculptor Etienne Falcone in 1768-1770. Peter's head was sculpted by his student, Marie-Anne Collot. The snake was fashioned by Fyodor Gordeev according to Falcone's plan. The casting of the statue was carried out under the guidance of the master Emelyan Khailov and was completed in 1778. Architectural planning solutions and general management were carried out by Yu. M. Felten.
There are many authors at one monument.
Here's another amendment:
The entire story of the legendary Thunder Stone, which served as a pedestal for the equestrian statue of Peter I, the world famous Bronze Horseman, full of dramatic events, was written only on the basis of the correspondence between Empress Catherine II, French philosopher D. Diderot and sculptor E. Falcone. There are no eyewitnesses, no official documents, no … no … no … only letters, and a beautiful fairy tale written by historians on the orders of the empress.
A more recent version, already in our time, was invented by G. I. Ivanov in the story "Stone Thunder", but the land routes calculated by G. I. Ivanov according to Kontra's diary, do not fit well into the real area.
The information given by G. I. Ivanov differs from the one given in his work by I. G. Bakmeister.
The routes given, both the first and the second, do not fit into the legend of the Thunder Stone transportation. At that time, there was neither the strength nor the funds for such a project. No pier, no mention of ships, I'm not talking about the fairway in the Marquis puddle … - THERE WASN'T!
Read the continuation here.
Author: ZigZag
