This quote is one of the most memorable, in my humble opinion, included in the book - a collection of works from 7 volumes. The author of this book is one of the most prominent Soviet teachers of the 20th century. Now his system is so popular in Europe, in Asian countries, but is not relevant in Russia. This now and today we can do everything - consciously forget, erase, not accept …
Remember the last time you heard the mention of the name Makarenko? In connection with any serious article on the upbringing of the younger generation? Any public discussion about education? I doubt it. Most likely in an ordinary conversation in an ironic context: they say, for me too, Makarenko was found …
1988 was declared the year of Makarenko by a special decision of UNESCO in connection with his 100th anniversary. At the same time, the names of four great teachers who determined the method of pedagogical thinking of the 20th century were named - A. S. Makarenko, D. Dewey, M. Montessori and G. Kershenshteiner.
Makarenko's works have been translated into almost all languages of the peoples of the world, and his main work - "Pedagogical Poem" (1935) - is compared with the best novels of upbringing Zh. Zh. Rousseau, I. Goethe, L. N. Tolstoy. It has also been named one of the ten most significant parenting books of the 20th century. Is this not evidence of international respect and recognition of merit?
And in Russia ten years ago, by the 115th anniversary of Makarenko, 10,000 copies of the first complete edition of the "Pedagogical Poem" were issued. You say, what a strange circulation for a multi-million reading country? However, publishers are still racking their brains about how to sell the "unsold" book.
Almost a hundred years ago, graduating from the Poltava Teachers' Institute, Makarenko wrote a diploma on the topic "The crisis of modern pedagogy." Who dares to claim that the situation has changed radically now?
He was a strange man, this Makarenko. After working for two years in a normal school, a quiet, modest history teacher gives up everything and goes to work as the director of a colony for juvenile delinquents near Poltava. He led it from 1920 to 1928 and learned the pedagogy of re-education in combat, like a soldier on the battlefield.
What drove this person? After all, it was obvious that by his decisive act he put an end to a calm measured life. Maybe the same active life position that has become unfashionable to talk about lately?
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They were a huge social disaster and danger. A. S. made an enormous theoretical and practical contribution to the fight against child crime and homelessness. Makarenko.
The system of re-education he invented by useful productive labor in a team turned a bunch of juvenile criminals into a close-knit team. There were no guards, fences, or punishment cells in the colony. The most severe punishment was boycott, which was rarely used. When another homeless child was brought under escort, he took the child and categorically refused to accept his personal file. This is the well-known Makarenko principle of advancing the good in a person! “We don't want to know bad things about you. A new life begins!"
These figures are hard to believe, but the fact is a stubborn thing. More than 3000 street children passed through the hands of Makarenko, and not one returned to the criminal path, everyone found their way in life, became people.
Makarenko was sure that only labor to his liking, and not sewing mittens and gluing boxes, contributes to a successful re-education.
From 1928 to 1936, he led the Labor Commune. Dzerzhinsky and from scratch builds two factories for the production of electromechanics and FED cameras, i.e. high tech of its time. Children were able to master complex technologies, work successfully and produce products that are in great demand. Boldly, isn't it? Imagine a juvenile delinquent colony that produces antivirus software or set-top boxes!
He was an amazing person, this Makarenko. Outright exempted from military service due to poor health - congenital heart disease, terrible myopia and a whole bunch of diseases - he loved military uniform, discipline, and army order.
Having a completely unpresentable appearance - round glasses with thick glasses, a large nose, a quiet hoarse voice - he was popular with beautiful women. His, laconic and sluggish, was adored by his pupils and so jealous of him that he decided not to marry so as not to injure them. By the way, he did just that: only after leaving teaching work, he signed his common-law wife.
He loved children, but unfortunately did not have his own, but raised two adopted ones. The girl, the daughter of her brother, a White Guard who managed to emigrate to France, later became the mother of the famous actress Ekaterina Vasilyeva. And with his beloved brother, he maintained relations until 1937, when his wife, exhausted by the constant fear of arrest, demanded to stop correspondence.
He died of a heart failure at the age of 51, and it was a hard blow for the world's pedagogy. The Makarenko system is studied and appreciated all over the world.
But to Russia, to his homeland, his system returns in the form of foreign methods of "brainstorming", "the ability to work in a team", "team-building", "increasing employee motivation." All this is diligently studied at all kinds of trainings and seminars, and for a lot of money. Or maybe it's easier to return to the primary sources?
Concerning the Ukrainian speculations on his nationality. Those who have read the Pedagogical Poem have no questions - there the position of Makarenko himself regarding the "independent" is clear and ambiguously ineffable. The letters of A. S. himself have also survived. Makarenko with a mention on this issue. So, in a letter to A. M. Anton Semyonovich writes to Gorky from Kharkov on October 5, 1932:
Makarenko's nationality was not a secret for his contemporaries either. So, in the farewell speech from the Union of Soviet Writers of the BSSR it is directly said:
Brother A. S. Makarenko - Vitaly Semyonovich in his book "My brother Anton Semyonovich" writes:
QUOTES MAKARENKO
"You cannot teach a person to be happy, but you can educate him so that he is happy."
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“If there is little ability, then demanding an excellent study is not only useless, but also criminal. You cannot force to study well. This can lead to tragic consequences."
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"Upbringing always happens, even when you are not at home."
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“Our pedagogical production has never been built according to technological logic, but always according to the logic of moral preaching. This is especially noticeable in the field of our own upbringing … Why in technical universities we study the resistance of materials, and in pedagogical universities we do not study the resistance of the individual when they begin to educate it?
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"To give up risk means to give up creativity."
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“My work with street children was by no means a special job with street children. First, as a working hypothesis, from the first days of my work with homeless children, I established that no special methods should be used in relation to homeless people."
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"Verbal education without accompanying gymnastics of behavior is the most criminal sabotage."
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“You can be dry with them to the last degree, demanding to the point of pickiness, you may not notice them … but if you shine with work, knowledge, luck, then calmly do not look back: they are on your side … And vice versa, no matter how affectionate you are, entertaining in conversation, kind and welcoming … if your business is accompanied by failures and failures, if at every step it is clear that you do not know your business … you will never deserve anything but contempt …"
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“From the top of the 'Olympic' offices, no detail and parts of the work can be distinguished. From there you can see only the endless sea of a faceless childhood, and in the office itself there is a model of an abstract child, made of the lightest materials: ideas, printed paper, Manilov's dreams … "Olympians" despise technology. Thanks to their domination, pedagogical and technical thought, especially in the matter of our own upbringing, has long since decayed in our pedagogical universities. In all our Soviet life there is no more pitiful technical condition than in the area of education. And therefore educational work is a handicraft business, and of the handicraft industries it is the most backward."
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"Books are intertwined people."
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"A culture of love experience is impossible without the brakes organized in childhood."
Author: Igor Tseselsky
