Scientists all over the world are trying to find out the secret of human immortality, but until now, most experiments have only confirmed that no secret of immortality simply does not exist. Nevertheless, the search does not stop, because scientists and ordinary people are very interested in what body a person will meet in the 3000th year and will he achieve immortality?
In 2014, in American New York, archaeologists literally dug Bowery Street, trying to find a German courtyard, which was located on this site at the end of the nineteenth century. It seemed that nothing unique in these excavations could have been, but this was only until one of the archaeologists discovered a small vial with some unknown liquid. The inscription on it was in Latin. She was immediately transferred and the journalists were summoned. Scientists wanted to share the news as soon as possible that they had a real elixir of youth in their hands. His recipe, as it turned out later, is quite simple, and a pharmacist from one of the Moscow pharmacies managed to recreate it in the smallest detail. As it turned out, the elixir of youth is a common medicine for the digestive system. And again the sensation turned out to be another empty shell. On the other hand,for Europeans of that time period, whose lives rarely lasted more than 40 years, such a remedy could well not only prolong youth, but also life. Modern man lives twice as long, grows old much later, but still dreams of eternal youth.
According to the President of the Science for Life Extension Foundation M. Batin, the next generations will not think about who to become, but in what body to live. If they want, they can be cyborgs, or grow themselves a new body. And while scientists have not yet figured out how to translate these fantasies into reality, Batin … froze the brain of his grandfather. According to him, he loved his grandfather very much. Cryonics is currently the best treatment. Much is still unknown to science, so you can freeze your brain, and this will not make anyone worse.
Personally, Batin intends to freeze himself completely, so that in the future he will first get out of the "permafrost" himself, and then pick up a suitable body for his grandfather. He is sure that if everything is done scientifically, then the cold will be able to preserve biological tissues until the time when scientists learn how to properly defrost them. And there it is not far to complete immortality …
It must be said that Batin's grandfather is not expecting the resurrection alone, but together with the relatives of almost all employees (37 people). In addition, according to the announcement, another 120 people came and are waiting for their turn. According to employees, after the death of "clients", their blood will be replaced with a solution based on glycerin, which will protect tissues from the harmful effects of ice crystals. This process is called "perfusion".
After glycerin has completely replaced the blood, the body will be cooled and delivered to the cryostorage. The temperature in it is -196 degrees. It is this temperature that stops all processes in the body and makes it possible to keep biological objects almost unharmed for a long time.
However, no one guarantees, even in the distant future, neither defrosting, let alone revival. The objects will be stored until it is possible to defrost them, or until science proves that this is impossible. According to M. Skulachev, a researcher at the Faculty of Biology of Moscow State University, cryopreservation cannot lead to the fact that people in the future will be able to revive. This is something from the category of fantasy. Everything is somehow too simplified. To prove his words, the scientist gives the following example: the brain is like a computer, in which there is some kind of memory that is erased when it is turned off. The brain constantly communicates with the nerves. Nerve impulses that move from one cell to another - this is human memory. And as soon as the pulse is stopped, all memory will be erased. You can, of course, defrost an object, in the event thatif there remains at least some number of intact cells, all content will disappear, and only soulless matter remains.
You can also freeze the brain separately, but no one has tried to thaw it …
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In any case, if scientists manage to save the brain, then it will need a body, ideally the body of a terminator. All over the world, details are selected for him: in one country they invented eyes, in another - arms and legs. But if the lungs are unnecessary for the terminator, then he cannot exist without a heart.
Scientists around the world are trying to create an artificial heart. Russian scientists have developed the left ventricle of the heart for people of the future. It consists of two parts: a valve and a charger. The valve weighs only 200 grams and the charge is 400.
It is possible that in the future an artificial heart will be able to beat in the chest of the terminator, but it is currently being transplanted into living people. A person whose heart is half artificial can live on average about 5 years, but it is necessary to carefully monitor every day so that the battery does not run out, which lasts only 6 hours, and also to prevent infection from entering the body.
But in France a real artificial heart beat for the future terminator. Scientists have been developing this organ for two whole decades. An artificial heart is able to provide a large and small circle of blood circulation and almost completely replace the real heart. The organ is made from pig tissue and polymeric materials. Its only significant drawback is its very large weight - about 1 kilogram, and its cost is quite high.
Few scientists doubt that cyborgs will inevitably appear soon. Experts are confident that the creation of the main human organs - the heart, liver, kidneys - is a matter of the next decade, everything else will appear within half a century. In this case, we are talking about a robot, inside of which there will be no biological tissues. The creation of such a robot is quite possible, but gradually, in other words, at some certain stage it will be a mixture of humans and electronic devices.
Modern prostheses give their owners almost unlimited possibilities. So, for example, it is easy to climb stairs, play sports or even ride a bicycle on artificial legs of the new generation, since the knee mechanism completely imitates human movements. There are also bionic hand prostheses. The artificial hand can unbend and squeeze the fingers and rotate. The electrodes read the signal from the muscles and then transmit it to the processor. The signal is converted from muscle to electronic, after which, with the help of the extensor and flexor muscles, the hand is squeezed and opened.
All fingers of such an artificial hand are working, including the thumb. However, in the future it will be possible to radically modify the artificial body and add the necessary body parts.
Thus, the terminator will have artificial internal organs, arms and legs made of iron, and he will be able to add the desired body parts. At present, all this exists separately, and it only takes time to put it all together and make it work, and this will require special equipment and a computer.
But in order for the brain to learn to control an artificial body, it is necessary to learn to understand it without words, after which - to give commands to certain parts of the body. The technology for controlling artificial body parts is being developed in several laboratories at once. And the faster these devices learn to decode brain impulses, the prose will become the process of controlling an artificial body. At the same time, no matter how perfect an artificial body is in the future, the brain, even in the most comfortable conditions, will still die in no more than 120 years.
But then, what kind of immortality can we talk about at all, if the brain, even in an artificial body, cannot live longer than 150 years? Experts assure that in the future people will not need this part of the body at all. According to them, in three decades a person will become immortal, and the whole path will consist of four stages (each will have its own avatar). The first stage will be completed in 2020. The avatar will be a copy of a person who can be controlled from a distance. The second copy is planned to be completed by 2025 - the human brain is planned to be placed in an artificial body. The third stage is a copy of a person, into which only consciousness will be transferred, and the brain will no longer be needed. The ultimate goal, which is to transform a person into a hologram, will be achieved in 2045. How does a person dissolve in space and become a hologram,it is not yet very clear, but this idea is gradually beginning to be realized.
So, the American professor Berger is trying to make a prosthesis of the hippocampus, the part of the brain responsible for short-term memory.
So it turns out that the cyborg is almost ready - an artificial body and the same artificial brain. But those who don't like robots can grow new organs from stem cells and endlessly change them if they fail. Already, scientists have learned to grow skin, internal organs and even bones from stem cells. If development continues at the same pace, then after a while it will reach the nucleus of the brain and the retina of the eye.
According to scientists, every person has stem cells that are responsible for regeneration and restoration. With their help, wounds heal, cells of certain organs are restored. But with age, stem cell division stops. Therefore, if you stock up on them in advance, you can create your own source and use it throughout your life.
Ultimately, a human of the future, created from their own stem cells, may be more attractive than a cyborg. But it is also very far from ideal. Therefore, scientists thought about how to make sure that the body does not age. Scientists don't know why aging occurs, so they only speculate that this is a genetic program. Geneticists around the world are trying to solve the riddle of how to disable the aging gene and on whom to conduct appropriate experiments.
It is too early to talk about the creation of a single, universal pill for old age. Moreover, it is unlikely to ever appear. But until scientists have put an end to the question of immortality, this mystery continues to haunt the minds of people.