An interesting work by M. Wissing was published in Hamburg in 1979, telling in an entertaining form about the fate of Atlantis and the Atlanteans. The catastrophe, according to the point of view of M. Wissing, occurred on June 5, 8499 BC, which roughly coincides with the chronology of Plato. On this day at 13 o'clock a planetoid (asteroid) from the swarm of Adonis collided with the Earth.
The collision took place in the area of the present Bermuda Triangle, and the asteroid split into two approximately equal parts and left a double footprint on the ocean floor. At an altitude of 400 kilometers, the asteroid caused gases to glow in the atmosphere. The dazzling radiance that eclipsed the Sun accompanied him until his fall into the ocean. The new sun was visible to everyone who was in line of sight, that is, within a radius of thousands of kilometers. The researchers suggest that the mass of the asteroid exceeded 2 billion tons and, therefore, the earth's crust was pierced by this space bomb (the energy released during the collision exceeded the explosion energy of 30 thousand atomic bombs).
The incandescent magma literally shot up like a scarlet fountain and mixed with the water of the Atlantic. A huge amount of superheated steam was formed, which scattered the magma in the atmosphere into the smallest specks of dust. A hurricane was born instantly, the strength of which is simply impossible to imagine. From the impact, a water shaft with a height of at least 10 kilometers rose. The rampart flooded the coast of the continents, washed away the flourishing cities and islands, coastal civilizations were destroyed.
But the worst disaster is, of course, the atmospheric disaster. An incredible amount of magma was lifted into the upper atmosphere in the form of dust, ash, small pieces of lava and pumice.
Calculations show that the atmosphere has practically lost its transparency. At the same time, the concentration of dust exceeded the concentration of foreign particles during the strongest "smog", but the column of polluted air after the catastrophe extended immeasurably higher, reaching the ionosphere. If we conditionally introduce a unit of measurement and call it “smog”, meaning that one “smog” describes the average intensity of pollution over London, then in order to characterize the opacity of the atmosphere after the Atlantic catastrophe, it is necessary to operate with hundreds and thousands of “smogs”.
A brown-black haze thickened over the planet. There was no sun, no moon, no stars to be seen. M. Wissing suggests that the "beginning of the world" of the Mayan calendar corresponds exactly to the catastrophe. Here is a small excerpt from the Mayan myth:
“A fiery rain of stones fell, ash fell, rocks and trees fell to the ground, shattered against each other … And a huge snake fell from the sky … and then its skin and bones fell down to the ground … and arrows struck the orphans and elders, widowers and widows who … had no strength to survive. And they were buried on the sandy shore. And then terrible streams of water rushed in. And with a huge snake, the sky fell down and the earth sank …"
Judging by some details, this description quite accurately corresponds to what happened: the rain of stones in time should be ahead of the water wall, because the wave propagates slowly compared to the shots of stone cannonballs. The huge snake mentioned in the myth is undoubtedly a column of incandescent gases that remained for some time in the atmosphere and then, as it were, fell from the sky. It is possible that incandescent lava was also visible, flying upwards. Calculations show that the sky above our planet seems to have disappeared for two thousand years. Only after this period did the darkness begin to dissipate. The earth seemed to be reborn. Since that time, myths about primordial chaos have remained in the memory of mankind, that heaven and earth were at first a single whole, and then there was a separation of light and darkness, heaven and earth.
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M. Vissing, referring to O. Muk, reconstructs in detail the alleged course of events. The asteroid was more massive and faster than the meteorite we know as the Tunguska: its energy was millions of times greater. In addition, he ended up in one of the most sensitive points in the world, in the underwater volcanic ridge of the Atlantic. The seam between the Old and New World does not bind, but separates the frozen slabs. In this area, the oceanic crust is thin, the magma lies very close to the surface - only at a depth of 15-20 kilometers. The incandescent substance is under pressure there. A thin, weak bridge gains the penetration of the ocean waters, and only an additional push is enough for the lava to break through the vents of the volcanoes and rush out. The fall of the asteroid into a zone of thin crust, under which magma rages, was tantamount to the first shot. Into the holespierced by fragments of an asteroid, magma escaped.
Ejections began along the entire seam, its integrity was violated: earthly fire, sea water, steam, with the speed of a chain reaction, cut the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean. The entire island of Atlantis was in a ring of fire. Clouds of steam, ash and molten matter rose over the entire affected area of the ocean into the upper atmosphere. The area from which the clouds of fire and steam rose into the sky was about half a million square kilometers. Following the fire that surrounded the island, tornadoes of ash and steam, rockfalls and lava from volcanoes, the island sank into the ocean. The magma levels dropped and the island began to literally sink under the ongoing rain of fire. The descent rate was 4-5 centimeters per second.
Plato's story about the death of Atlantis quite accurately corresponds to the description of the catastrophe caused by the fall of the asteroid: an earthquake, a flood, cracks in the earth, collapses, a lowering of the seabed. About 5 billion tons of solids were emitted into the atmosphere in the form of ash and volcanic dust, about 20 billion cubic meters of water and about 30 billion tons of harmful gases (002> sulfur vapor, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, iron and copper chlorides, fluoride and cyanide compounds). Chlorine-fluorine-carbon compounds, which rose up after the explosion, had a detrimental effect on the ozone layer. As a result, the short-wave ultraviolet radiation from the Sun was likely to penetrate more intensely into the lower atmosphere in the subsequent period.
After the death of the island, emissions gradually began to descend to the surface of the ocean. A pumice stone, porous and light, sintered pieces of ash floated on the surface, apparently for a long time. In Plato's dialogues, it is mentioned about sea silt and about the fact that the sea in those places has become unnavigable to this day. If we imagine that pumice fell back into the ocean, then it could form a floating "blanket" with a layer of at least 60 meters over an area of millions of square kilometers. Waves and wind cannot destroy such a layer, especially since the porous pumice is tightly bound. The layer could be very durable - calculations give an approximate figure of up to 3000 years. It is not for nothing that in the memory of the Greeks the sea beyond the Pillars of Hercules was considered unnavigable because of the mud. Of course, there was no need for the Greeks to look for pumice in these sea waves after the Atlantic catastrophe. Silt and algae - that's what was left in the end of the "blanket". Perhaps the famous Sargasso Sea is just a new formation on the "remnants" of volcanic products?
Mud showers - ash and water - poured and poured for many days in a row. The wave caused by the explosion ran around the Earth several times. The surviving people, who escaped in arks and boats (according to legends and myths), saved some animals and again began to inhabit the Earth. But the dead were so many, and the survivors were so few, especially near the center of the disaster, that the restoration of human generations was slow and difficult.
The consequences of the disaster were all the more terrible because they made themselves felt for many centuries. Clouds of volcanic dust, ash, and poisonous gases 100 kilometers thick enveloped the Earth for a long time. This gave the survivors the impression that the stars were gone and the sun was a dull red. All the peoples of the world have myths about such a state of the sky and about the woeful, deserted, ravaged by showers and earthquakes. The lack of sunlight affected the animal world and man himself. People, hunters and fishermen, literally vegetated at this time. Excavations in the Shanidar cave, which were discussed above, testify to this, as if in confirmation of O. Muk's assumptions.
M. Vissing associates the great migrations of peoples with the catastrophe and its consequences. In his opinion, a person who survived chaos and seemed to come out of darkness should have developed abstract thinking - it was this that helped him to survive this state of the planet and biosphere. At the same time, man seemed to be estranged from nature: the former unity with it was broken; and only now man is looking for ways to it again, striving for the old harmony.
WHY DID THE MAMMONS DIE OUT?
The question of extinct mammoths is not so simple from the point of view of an atlantologist. In any case, it is directly related to the stories of the ancient Egyptian priests. Yes, at that long time many animals died out, but in Siberia there are whole cemeteries of shaggy unpretentious giants. How can this be explained? In interesting paleontological works about the death of mammoths and rhinos, many more or less harmonious hypotheses have been expressed, but most of them now represent only an example of curious armchair conjectures.
So, it was once believed that mammoths were carried to the North from the warm Mongolian steppes by a giant wave that arose from the impact of an asteroid that fell into the Pacific Ocean and rolled through the mountains and sands of Asia. The idea of an asteroid, as we found out, was adopted by atlantologists, but such a direct connection between the space alien and the burials of mammoths will still have to be left to science fiction writers and the most daring dreamers.
A real case, which has some relation to the question of mammoths, is described by the Far Eastern scientist S. V. Tomirdiaro: “A caravan of several pack horses made its way through the section of the Omolon-Anyui loess-ice plain. Thermokarst sinkholes and craters appeared in the forest on the banks of the Molonga River, which no one paid attention to at first. And suddenly the front horse disappeared underground, and the second horse, walking on the bit, collapsed behind it into the resulting gap. Geologists who ran up saw that under a thin layer of sod, a vast underground tunnel with ice walls went on both sides. A small forest stream groped and washed away a powerful ice vein, and the moss-sod cover that covered it hung over the tunnel, forming a natural wolf pit. It was in this ice hole that the dead horses had to be left. Undoubtedlythat their corpses quickly froze and remained in the characteristic “standing” or “sitting” postures."
So one can imagine the death of mammoths with the subsequent conservation of corpses for many thousands of years. But only a few. It is impossible to explain the death of a large herd by this reason, especially since the extinction of mammoths as a species cannot be explained. Subsoil ice is a relatively rare occurrence. In addition, evolution had to develop the necessary adaptive properties in mammoths.
Ukrainian scientist I. G. Pidoplichno believed that animals died during their migrations from north to south. Snowfalls caught them on the way, and they froze.
The ichthyologist G. U. Lindberg, who drew attention to the multiple fluctuations in the level of the World Ocean in the 70s of our century, will assume that mammoths on the New Siberian Islands died of hunger, being cut off from the mainland by the advancing sea. This assumption, however, does not hold water. The carcasses and bones of mammoths are buried in this archipelago in layers that approximately correspond to the time indicated by Plato. Then there was still a land bridge between Asia and America, the so-called Beringia, and the New Siberian Islands had not yet separated from the mainland. Only during the following centuries did those changes take place that led to the modern outlines of the coastline. For an atlantologist, it may be interesting here that important events coincide in time - the extinction of mammoths and the disappearance of Atlantis in the deep sea. From what follows it will be clearthat this connection is not accidental.
In the book by D. Dyson "In the World of Ice", one more attempt was made to highlight the problem of mammoths:
“Almost all mammoth remains were found in sands and clays deposited by rivers or mud streams, and most often on former river floodplains. It is possible that old, sick or wounded animals were looking for solitude or shelter from the windrows in the floodplain bogs and swamps, and many here … drowned. During subsequent floods, carcasses of some animals were buried in the silt deposited by the overflowing river; others were probably carried by the current into the delta, and those were also partially or completely buried in alluvial sediments. Finally, mammoths could get bogged down in the swampy mud flowing from the nearby slopes … Buried under a thin cover of material washed by water and blown by the wind, they could have survived until the winter frosts, which preserved them even more reliably …,ensured the safety of the corpse, at least that part of it that fell into its sphere of action … Judging by the remains of food extracted from the stomachs of some mammoths, especially Berezovsky, many of these ancient animals died unexpectedly, either by drowning, or caught by a landslide, or even in fight with any enemies … And there is no need to invent such fables as a rapid cooling of the climate to explain the reasons for the safety of animal corpses. like a rapid cooling of the climate”.like a rapid cooling of the climate”.
Let us pay attention to the fact that the floodplains of the rivers were a convenient pasture for these giants of the animal world - it was here, in the floodplains of the rivers, that misfortune overtook them.
B. S. Rusanov, who discovered the Yakut loess, spoke about the death of animals as a result of a loess storm, when they were literally covered with loess.
N. K. Vereshchagin in his notes describes the largest mammoth cemetery: “Yar is crowned with a melting edge of ice and hillocks … A kilometer later appeared a vast scattering of huge gray bones - long, flat, short. They protrude from the dark moist soil in the middle of the slope of the ravine. Sliding to the water along a slightly soddy slope, the bones formed a braid-toe, protecting the coast from erosion. There are thousands of them, the scattering stretches along the coast for two hundred meters and goes into the water. The opposite, right bank is only eighty meters away, low, alluvial, behind it there is an impenetrable growth of willow … all are silent, suppressed by what they saw. This cemetery is located on the banks of the Berelekh River. It is not possible to explain its origin by the fact that mammoths got lost and fell into a quagmire or a hole. Let's note the most important details that will allow us to reproduce the approximate course of events. First of all, in the area of the cemetery there is a layer of clay-ash loess. In some places, clear signs of alluvial floodplain sediment are visible: there are a lot of fragments of twigs, roots, and insect remains. In addition, the study of the bone remains of the Berelekh cemetery indicates that mainly young mammoths and females died. Few male bones were found.
An important detail is that the cemetery is washed out by the river, which returned millennia later to its former bed. Loess was applied by river, water, not. wind, which excludes the possibility of death of mammoths as a result of a storm.
What happened here at that long time? Let's try to consider the established facts from the standpoint of atlantology.
Loess sediments indisputably testify that the ancient Berelekh overflowed its banks and its water was almost thick with loess. This is indicated by the thickness of the loess strata. The composition of the herd (young mammoths and females) suggests that it was caught by the elements in the pasture. The same is indirectly evidenced by dense thickets of willow trees along the banks of the modern Berelekh and fragments of willow branches deposited by water in bends at that time. The pasture was apparently willingly visited by herbivores: predators followed them. The bones of wolves, deer, wolverines were found here.
Where did the loess come from? Why did the enormous Berelekh flood take place, which led to the mass death of animals?
We need to remember the story told by Plato. The death of Atlantis led to tremendous cataclysms. Based on scientific data, it can be concluded that this period was marked by increased volcanic activity. If we recall the possibility of an asteroid falling to the Earth and the ejection of molten magma, then we can state that all this should have led to the dispersion of volcanic ash in the atmosphere on an unprecedented scale. But what is volcanic ash? It looks like a clay-ash loess. Such a loess cloud, together with rains of unprecedented strength, fell on the area of the Berelekh floodplain. The river overflowed its banks. A gigantic mudflow formed, an uncontrollable mud flow. It was he who drowned the animals. The herd simply drowned, unable to overcome the violent flow of the mudflow.
Is there any other evidence to support this assumption? Yes there is.
Radiocarbon shows that all this happened on Berelekh about 12,000 years ago. This is the age of the reclaimed loess - it is volcanic ash! This is the age of the bones of animals.