Remember we told you about the projects Moscow is not embodied, now let's read more in continuation of this topic.
In the early 1930s, the Moscow authorities drew up a plan to water the capital. All 37 city rivers were to be released outside, Moscow would be cut through dozens of new canals and flowing ponds. The cities near Moscow were also linked by new canals.
These watering plans were contained in the Greater Moscow project. What such a new Moscow would look like was described in the book The White Sea-Baltic Canal named after Stalin, published in 1934. In 1937, the entire edition of this book was withdrawn from circulation and destroyed after the execution of the NKVD commissar G. Yagoda, one of the main "heroes" of the book. Only a few have survived. Since then, the book "White Sea-Baltic Channel" has not been published.
On June 16, 1931, the plenum of the Central Committee made a decision “To resolve the problem of watering the Moskva River by connecting it with the upper reaches of the Volga River”.
The Moscow-Volga Canal, having created through the shortest waterways between the seas and the main basins of the country, will go into operation in 1936 and for many years will solve the issue of water supply, will open the way to unprecedented improvement and beauty of the city.
Thirty-seven streams-streams wash Moscow quarters, among them Filka, Tarakanovka, Kapelka, Zhabinka, Chorto-ry, Titmouse, Podon-Churikha, Likhoborka, Krovyanka, Cherno-gryazka, Beggar. These rivers, like the Moskva River, like the Yauza, have long been turned into sewers. They sometimes emerge from the pipes in ponds - Sinichkin, Bird, Anthropov pits, Black, Hateful, Devilish, fill the air with a stench, because the water in them is renewed only once a year - in spring. In old Moscow there were two fountains: at Lubyanka and at Teatralnaya; in the new Moscow hundreds of fountains will beat.
In old Moscow there was one canal - the Kanava near Balchug; there will be dozens of them in the new Moscow.
Promotional video:
Poisoned, dirty water flows under Moscow streets 37 rivers with old dirty names. The past has poisoned Moscow's rivers: they have been smelly for many hundreds of years. Merchant Moscow scored, abandoned, forgot them.
Volga-Moskvoretskaya water will come to new, clean Moscow.
The old master of Moscow, a merchant, spent little on his city; was one and a half-story Moscow and half-village; the cobblestone muffled the city with dust and thunder in spring and summer, thunder and mud in autumn.
Map of New Moscow, which shows the planned flooding of the city.
In winter, snow covered everything, wonderful Moscow snow, which made backyards and heaps of huts look prettier, and the Kremlin became an architectural miracle. In the summer the owner lived in Serebryany Bor, in Mamontovka - at a dacha in the Tambov estate, in the Crimea, abroad, in Trouville, in Wiesbaden. For show to foreigners, the tsars built Petersburg with an embankment in the grand ducal chambers, with rostral columns at the Stock Exchange, with an Arrow, with a cast-iron pattern of fences.
Petersburg grew, sucking the economic juices of the north, devastating the north, turning it into a place of exile. Leningrad flourishes on the fact that it is connected with the whole country, with the north, with the White Sea.
Water for a modern city, for its industry and everyday life means no less electricity. The main industries - metallurgy, weaving, chemistry - require a huge amount of water. Before the revolution, Moscow consumed 8 million buckets daily, in 1933 - 40, in 1936 it will consume 195 million buckets. The great cities of the world stand on large rivers like London on the Thames, Paris on the Seine, by the sea like New York, Hamburg, on great lakes like Chicago. A New Yorker consumes more than 500 liters of water a day, three times more than a Muscovite, a Parisian two and a half times. Fountains and bodies of water adorn Rome and Buenos Aires, Vienna and Montevideo. Water is needed for the hygiene of the city no less than for the hygiene of the human body. Water is sport, water is green lindens and lawns, water is wonderful walks in the vicinity,water is an air ozonizer and a victory over dust.
The worker travels to and from the factory every day - his eye wants to rest on the beautiful architectural ensembles, and his body wants the pleasure of the move itself. Compare the tram and river tram and you will understand the difference between traveling on a hot, exhausting summer day.
Moscow should be the most beautiful city in the world, and not only in the center, like capitalist cities, but also in workers' districts. Design parks, flower beds, and several fountains here. They built new houses - how boring the facades are. It is necessary to build wider, more generously, more fun to please the eye.
Cloaca at the very Red Square. Seventeenth century.
The idea arises to demolish all these dilapidated storage facilities, to turn Zaryadye into several terraces of greenery - greenery, water, the smooth surface of the Moscow River, the Kremlin and Kitaygorod walls - this will be one of the most beautiful places in the most beautiful capital of the world.
The cars go further along Ilyinka, through Tretyakovsky passage to Neglinnaya, to Tsvetnoy Boulevard. A frail Neglinka flows here in an underground pipe.
And it was decided: to release the flooded Neglinka from the pipe and decorate the wide boulevard with its refreshed waters.
Cars go to Petrovsky Park. Little water in the north of the city. Let's start the main canal from Khimki parallel to the Leningradskoe highway.
The Palace of Soviets should be reflected in the full-flowing river just like the palaces of the Komsomol, technology, labor, radio houses, magnificent new houses on Bersenevskaya, Raushskaya and other embankments - this doubles the architectural effect of buildings. The Pravda plant is being built on the flat plain of the Yamskoye field, among rotten cottages and gray fences. It will be built, and a magnificent main canal for intracity water transport will flow past it. Let the waters of the canals expand our streets, create architectural landscapes of unprecedented beauty.
The canals will run along Kamer-Kollezhsky Val, near the Leningradskoye Highway, near the Bogatyr factory, along Sadovaya, in the areas of Petrovsky-Razumovsky, Butyrsky khutor, Ostankin. Rivers will protrude from pipes in the Presnya region, Aleksandrovsky Garden, and on the sections of the Boulevard Ring. The water will open in different places in a number of flowing ponds, water belts, cascades, drops. The Neglinka will decorate the CDKA Park, Ekaterininsky Park, Tsvetnoy Boulevard and, passing through the pipe to the Alexander Garden, will again open up like water ribbons and cascade into the Moskva River. Krasnopresnenskaya embankment turns into a water staircase, using the relief of the slope. One hundred and fifty hectares of the water surface in Moscow will increase tenfold - there will be 1,500 hectares. Stagnant pits - the Chortovs, Antropovs, Sinichkins, where it is dangerous to swim, where fish fry perish - turn into clean flowing water bodies.
Great waterways cross in Moscow. Moscow will become a port of five Soviet seas.
The Volga is great. More than a thousand cities and villages stand on it. The Volga is wide, but economically it was not one river, but several rivers, because the goods had to be reloaded, transshipped from ship to ship. The Volga was divided into pieces by shallow water, like the Dnieper - by rapids. The Big Volga plan will create a single river with the same depth almost along its entire length. The renewed rivers will cross in Moscow. These will be new rivers - waterways, spliced, propped up by power plants.
Moscow will be the capital of the five seas: the five seas will become, connected through the rivers, parts of one system. In the third five-year plan, it will be possible to travel from Moscow to the Baltic, White, Caspian and Black Seas, to the Kola Bay of the Arctic Ocean, to get to the basin of the Northern Dvina, Dnieper, Ob, without ever getting off a steamer. This means cheap freight for salt, granite, oil, rye, apatite, wheat, timber - for all heavy, bulky, bulky raw materials, fuel and food products.
American billionaires have killed a waterway like the Mississippi by building railways parallel to the mighty river - a mistake the proletariat will never repeat. For him, the transport problem, like the problem of greening squares, the world canal and the street fountain, the greatest factory and the cubic capacity of a residential building, the first-class subway and auto pumping stand in the same row, on the way to the most rational use of the benefits of nature.
The socialist plan instills in us a sense of the harmonious development of all branches of the economy. This feeling makes you grieve about the improvement of the capital and rush the Volga water to the Moscow shores. It says: a bathtub in every apartment, a shower in the smallest enterprise, dozens of swimming pools in every district - this is tenfold work capacity, this is cheerfulness, this is the joy of life, this is the approximation of urban existence to the hygiene of a sea village.
A bath and a working shower, and the cascades of the Park of Culture, and fresh flowing ponds, and the waters of the seaport in the heart of the continent wash away the dirt and unculturedness of the old world from people and cities.
This is the great plan for the watering of Moscow. Moscow is overcoming its old appearance of a "big village", a large district town, nowadays it is getting prettier, turning into a European capital - flat houses, asphalt avenues. But this appearance is also temporary. Water and greenery will give it the look of a city park. Lindens, poplars, cedars, pine trees, Michurin hybrid trees, orchards along the current suburban highways, the very growth of the city, when more and more green areas will be turned on - all this will change Moscow.
With the growth of the former district cities of the Moscow province, they turn into satellite cities, satellite cities, and the capital will swallow them: Noginsk and Orekhovo-Zuevo, Dmitrov and Pushkino, Podolsk and Kolomna, Kashira and Serpukhov. This ring will be washed by Oka, it will be crossed by Pakhra and Gzhelka, Sosna and Talitsa, the canal will be included in the city boundaries, Lake Senezh will be an internal pond.
Huge field winds will blow over the tracts of greenery: Losiny Island and Malakhovsky Park. What is now called the plan of Greater Moscow will only become the center of the city, it cannot be distinguished from the outskirts. And industrialized state farms, collective farms processing their raw materials, factories, bright big houses, asphalt and clinker highways are more beautiful than our streets, orchards are more luxuriant than our parks, will approach the great city; the fields are like the air zones of the city.
And over this spacious settlement of healthy people, clean, spacious, beautiful houses, noiseless, smokeless, dustless cars, a lark will ring merrily as it rings over a buckwheat field, and bees will calmly fly for honey to Yauzsky Boulevard - and people will say: “Here and the difference between town and country disappears. We are on the way to the era of communism."
