In 1926, the Russian geographer and writer Vladimir Obruchev published the science fiction novel Sannikov Land. And already in 1929, the Soviet scientist Pyotr Dravert wanted to equip an expedition to search for "wild people" lost in the tundra of the Stone Age tribe, which the Yakuts and Evenks called "Chuchuna" or "Mulen".
Appearance and habits
According to the legends of the peoples inhabiting the Far East and Eastern Siberia, chuchunas are tall people of strong constitution with very long, matted hair, dressed in skins taken from animals entirely. Unlike the Yeti, the Chuchunas were not covered with hair, and their skin was dark, brownish red. They also had weapons - bows and arrows. Muhlen often stole reindeer and food, shooting people with bows or throwing stones.
But there are also more fantastic descriptions of the chuchun's appearance. In particular, in the legend recorded by the Soviet archaeologist Alexei Okladnikov, the chuchuns had one leg and one eye. It was also mentioned that they do not have jaws, and therefore they simply swallow food, pushing it into the esophagus with their shoulders.
According to the stories of hunters and reindeer herders, who came across the chuchun already in the 20th century, the mysterious tribe led a nomadic lifestyle. Usually the Mühlen roamed alone, but sometimes they united in small groups of three or four people with the aim of attacking herds of deer.
Where did they come from
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According to many researchers, in the mountains of Eastern Yakutia, tribes of primitive people or relict hominids could survive to this day. These places are practically not developed by local peoples. However, this hypothesis is erroneous - there is not enough food in the mountains to feed an entire tribe. It is impossible to fish here, and animals rarely enter such distant territories. In addition, all chuchuns seen by local hunters were males, and there is not a single mention of the existence of women and children of Mühlen. Ethnographer Gabriel Ksenofontov believed that chuchuns are just characters of Yakut and Evenk mythology, since local tribes believed in the existence of spirits that lived in the forests and mountains. In addition, in the Yakut language there is the word "chuuchus", which means "a ghost, an evil spirit."
The closest to the truth is the theory of the northern scholar Ilya Gurvich. For 30 years of work in the fields and studying the materials received about the Chuchun, the ethnographer came to the conclusion that the mysterious tribe was in fact the coastal Chukchi. During the hunt for sea animals in summer and autumn, the ice broke off and carried the hunters far to the west, to the shores of Yakutia. Left alone, they considered themselves outcast. According to Chukchi customs, they could no longer return to their native settlements, because were considered dead. Finding themselves in harsh conditions, they were doomed to death by starvation. did not have any weapons other than a bow or a harpoon. That is why the desperate "Robinsons" were forced to steal food and take deer away. And the shrill whistle with which they frightened off other people can be explained by a superstitious fear of causing harm,since they themselves considered themselves "living dead".
