Scientists represent a wormhole, or as it is also commonly called, a wormhole in the form of a tunnel located between two whirlpools of light. In reality, no one in the scientific community knows what these objects might actually look like. However, one Russian physicist has his own assumptions about this. His research was recently published in the journal Physics Letters B.
Scientists believe that black holes, like their two-sided cousins, wormholes, cannot be directly investigated. Therefore, the only way to study these objects will be to indirectly observe their impact, which they have on the surrounding space and those objects that will be in it. Roman Konoplya, a physicist from RUDN University, offered his vision of the physical characteristics of these hypothetical objects, taking as a basis our knowledge of light and the geometry of space-time.
In his research, he explains how the shape function of a spherically symmetric traversable Lorentzian wormhole near its throat can be reconstructed if its high-frequency quasi-normal modes are known. Is everything clear to everyone? For an ordinary lover of wormholes, this will of course be difficult to understand, so we will try to explain what was meant in simpler words.
According to Einstein's general theory of relativity, as well as Maxwell's equations describing electromagnetic waves, which give us information about the speed of light, time and space behave as if they have a single physical nature. But in this assumption, everything is fine only as long as you do not adhere to general relativity and its conclusion, according to which space-time can be clamped at a point of infinite density - a black hole.
In 1916, the Austrian scientist Ludwig Flamm, using the same mathematics, showed how space can be distorted, interfering with the flow of information, which led to the emergence of the theory of the "white hole". Twenty years later, Einstein and his fellow physicist Nathan Rosen showed, suggested, that the two phenomena could be technically related to each other. Physicists have hypothesized that information entering a black hole could exit somewhere else in spacetime through the white hole.
The most likely candidates for wormholes would be tiny black holes that come and go. In order to keep such a hole open for a long time, in order for something to pass into it, colossal amounts of energy are required. What exactly can be behind this energy science cannot yet answer. Moreover, scientists still do not know how space-time behaves beyond a given point. Which means that we also don't know how things like mass or distance change as you move towards the middle of the black hole, or in this case, down the wormhole tunnel.
According to Cannabis, the key to understanding the shape of the throat between two black and white holes is the way in which energy is dispersed in space.
As a result of recent observations of gravitational waves scattering throughout space after collisions of black holes and neutron stars, scientists have figured out how energy can be distorted in space-time.
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Dynamic vibrations of the black hole surface are considered in physics as quasi-normal modes. Starting with a certain class of assumptions about the symmetry of wormholes, Hemp believes that we can learn a little more about them once we establish the value of the high-frequency quasi-normal modes that may emanate from their throat.
With this in mind, he applied the principles of quantum mechanics to determine how light waves stretch in the distortions of electromagnetic fields surrounding black holes, and got a rough idea of what wormholes might look like.
The scientist's concept isn't perfect. And not only because he himself is based on hypotheses and on a huge number of assumptions, but also because he does not give a final answer.
But this is a solid starting point, the scientist believes, which can be expanded as soon as other quantum fields are accepted in the calculations, which potentially gives us a new way to detect them.
Thanks to studies of gravitational waves, which are pushing more and more forward, it is quite possible that the elusive wormhole through passage may one day actually become a reality, just like a black hole once did.
Nikolay Khizhnyak