One of the tales of historians claims that in the distant past, 1500-1400 years ago, there was a great migration of peoples. This bike was invented in the 19th century. and has since been one of the favorites in traditional history.
According to this tale, entire peoples traveled as a single wagon train over a distance of many thousands of kilometers and settled in a new place under the old name and in a cohesive ethnic form. However, already in Caesar's "Gallic War" one can find descriptions of such migrations of tribes and peoples.
Moreover, these migrations are not associated with any natural disasters, although only the largest of them (such as the flooding of the waters of the present Black Sea as a result of the breakthrough of the Mediterranean Sea through the Bosphorus) could move entire peoples to seek a new homeland.
However, even this catastrophe led to a gradual flooding of the previously inhabited lands and to a gradual outflow of the population from the flooded area. According to scientists, the emergence of the Black Sea took about three years. The organized resettlement of entire peoples, even in this case, is impossible to imagine.
Realistic ideas about real, and not fictional, migrations of peoples give those processes that most likely formed the basis of the corresponding historical creation:
Consider, for example, the process of settling the inhabitants of Great Britain in the countries of the British Empire. Over the course of two centuries (17th and 18th), this process had several peaks and troughs, but on average, the number of British residents who traveled to the countries of the British Empire within one year, even during peak periods, did not exceed one person in 5000. throughout the 17th century, about 700,000 people left Great Britain. In the next century there were less than half a million. (For data, see [Ferguson], p. 69).
And this despite the fact that for resettlement in the colonies, the British could use the huge British fleet, and the departure of the poor was well organized due to the constant lack of labor in the colonies: by pledging to work (within 4-5 years) the cost of moving, almost any poor person could afford myself this emigration. Despite the merciless exploitation of these poor people in the colonies, on practically slave working conditions (during the agreed period), for many poorly educated poor people, not to mention the somewhat more educated layers of the population, emigration was a tempting prospect. I cannot recognize any migration of peoples in the sense mythologized by historians using this example.
Does not give an example of the migration of peoples and the mass Jewish emigration of the 19-20 centuries. For about 50 years in the 19th and 20th centuries. in the United States, mainly from Europe, about 6 million people moved out of a total of about 15 million. This is, of course, a significant share of the total Jewish population, but this process itself was stretched over decades.
The process of Jewish resettlement to Palestine, which began around 1880, received a certain new impetus after the Second World War. However, to this day, most Jews live outside of Israel.
Only ethnic cleansing and mass deportations of peoples organized by totalitarian states give us examples of more or less complete migration of peoples to new territories. However, at the same time, at least a hint of voluntariness (even if provoked by some events) was completely absent and, in addition, in the hands of the totalitarian dictators there were such technical means (transport, the possibility of mass coercion) that our distant ancestors clearly did not possess.