This article is a continuation of the themes of the previous materials: Try to explain. Backfilled buildings. and Try to explain. Why is there a young forest all over Russia?
Scientists are extremely confused, confused and with the use of streamlined formulations, explain where the deserts came from, and the question: how did some deserts turn out to be covered with sand - puts them in a "scientific stupor". Have you ever thought about these questions? After all, sand is not weathered soil! These are polished quartz crystals, that is, crushed and calibrated stone. Let's talk about everything in order.
Scientific formulations
This is how the appearance of the desert is described in the CHILDREN'S encyclopedia: “Deserts were formed as a result of uneven distribution of heat and moisture. And this happened because above the equator the air heats up more and, rising up and cooling, loses a large amount of moisture, which falls in the form of tropical showers. After that, in the uppermost layers of the earth's atmosphere, the equatorial air begins to spread north and south, into the subtropics. Gradually, air masses descend to the heated earth's surface, heat up even more here, but there is no moisture in them. Such circulation of air masses occurs all year round."
And what - this explains everything? Does this explain anything at all? But deserts occupy about a third of the planet's land mass
And so, they explain the appearance of sand in some of them: 1) rivers flowed from the mountain ranges located next to the deserts, which brought sand; 2) it was left from the seas and oceans, from "shaggy antiquity";
3) transferred by air masses … from somewhere.
Promotional video:
Map of 1688. In place of the Sahara, there are cities and rivers. The Mediterranean Sea is not connected by a strait with the Atlantic. And many other differences….
Desert oddities
I don’t know about you, but I am sometimes taken with doubts - where do these medieval maps come from? They often portray unimaginable things. Let's take, for example, which is closer - Central Asia.
Fragment of a 1578 map
It should be noted here that on all maps earlier than 1700 the Caspian Sea has a completely different shape. There is no Aral Sea at all. Caspian - oval. There are a large number of rivers and cities in the area of modern deserts that we have no idea about. It can be unambiguously concluded that the regions of the Karakum and Kyzylkum deserts were densely populated. There were mountains and cities, rivers and lakes. At the same time, the rivers had a completely different direction, different from the current one. The sands are not marked on the maps.
Let's go further, on the old maps there is no Gobi Desert, Takla Makan. Numerous cities and rivers are also marked in these areas. Actually, archaeologists have found buried cities in the Gobi and other deserts, mummies - the cards do not lie. That's just, they attributed their findings to tens of thousands of years, which certainly does not fit with cartography.
On this 1575 map, there are no deserts at all - why? Doesn't look so pretty?
But where did so much sand come from? If you believe that rivers inflicted it, then where? Studies have shown that the mountains in the basin of these rivers consist of completely different rocks. According to scientists, the sands have been here for millions of years. It's just strange that our ancestors did not notice them. As they did not notice the presence of the Aral Sea, and the fact that the Syr Darya and Amu Darya do not flow into the Caspian Sea, but into it. Theoretically, the rivers could cause sand, destroying the nearby mountains, but here's the problem - the Tien Shan and Pamirs do not consist of quartz deposits, from which the sands of the Central Asian deserts could have formed. Then where?
And in general, this theory does not find confirmation - many large rivers (Ganges, Indus, Yangtze, Amazon, Amur …), although they originate in the mountains, did not even form a hint of sandy deserts. And then, it would be inexplicable, the behavior of residents living in this region, watching how the river washes their lands with sand. People have mastered irrigation a very long time ago and for a very long time they knew how to arrange canals, change river beds, and equip banks.
Gobi Desert - it was as if sand was taken out of the quarry and poured into dumps …
That is, fertile lands were suddenly or within a short period of time covered with sand. In the case of the European part of Russia, this is not sand, but soil or something else that is close in composition to ordinary soil.
Hence the explanation for the strange fact - the widespread death of trees about 200 years ago. In our country we hardly find trees older than two hundred years, even in Siberia, in the Perm Territory and other places where the forest has never been completely cut down. According to researchers, in such places the forest should look something like the one in Shishkin's painting. Have you seen such places?
Gobi. What a sharp transition from steppe to sand!
This photo is a very vivid example of the fact that it is not that the rivers are not able to wash so much, but a natural disaster too, since we do not observe smooth transitions. One gets the impression that this bulk of sands was dropped not so long ago.
This is how it was soaped in Altai, in Mongolia. Between the mountains and the steppe threw.
And this is a particularly interesting photo: under a mountain of sand, there is sand of a different color. Somehow very strange soapy ….
Has anyone noticed the simple fact that there are no sandy deserts in America? Rather, in North America there is one small - Chihuahua, well, very small. But on our continent and in Africa, well, every desert is a cemetery of a great civilization: the Gobi, Sahara, Central Asia, the Kuwait deserts - all of them keep ancient cities, canals, rivers, roads, temples and pyramids under their sands. Questions, questions….
Mesmerizing desert views
This is the development of iron ore.
And this is the Colored Desert in the USA.
Official explanation: “The Colored Desert in the state of Arizona in the United States is a vast expanse of hills, plateaus, and individual steep hills. It is a dry land with sparse vegetation that has been heavily eroded. The name "Colored Desert" refers to the variety of colorful sedimentary layers that are visible against the backdrop of this rugged landscape. The relief of the Colored Desert is often compared to the multi-colored layers of a cake. The variety of shades of sandstone and mudstone layers is a result of the content of various minerals in sedimentary rocks and the speed at which they were deposited.
Dump of the Krasnooktyabrsk bauxite deposit. Kazakhstan - does it look like anything?
And below is a photo of the Lencois Maranhensis National Park, off the Atlantic coast in northeastern Brazil, in the state of Maranhao.
Contrast and sharp delineation is impressive. It seems to me that if this is a long-term phenomenon, not to mention a centuries-old one, then the drop should not be so impressively sharp. It (in my opinion) should be smoother.
The same place.
Here is what could so locally and contrastingly “wash” or “inflate”? Where does this sand stacked with dunes come from?
Brazil again.
Next exhibit: “According to NASA reports, the Atacama Desert in Chile is the driest desert in the world. It is 50 times drier than Death Valley in California in the United States. The desert covers over 105,000 square kilometers and is mainly composed of salt pools, lava flows and sand. Average rainfall in this region is only 1 mm per year. Some weather stations never recorded any precipitation. The weather here is so dry that there are no glaciers even on the tops of the mountains, whose height reaches 6,500 m."
Atacama.
And she recently, take it and bloom!
Atacama.
This (according to the official statement of scientists and NASA) is the most disastrous place. But the Atacama Desert clearly disagrees with this belief.
Blooming Anza Borrego Desert, California.
We see the same picture again on the same continent. Only if the Atacama Desert bloomed relatively recently, then Anza Borrego began to bloom (presumably) a little earlier, although not much. From that Anza Borrego does not cause such a resonance.
Obviously, some imperfections in these deserts: the sand was not "delivered", the surface layer of the soil was not completely removed, which allowed them to recover, and even bloom! I wonder why the rivers did not bring sand from the mountains in these deserts? Are the rivers of the wrong kind or the mountains of the wrong kind?
Desert of White Sands. In the southern United States, in the state of New Mexico.
It is located almost on the border with Mexico. The desert is famous not so much for the white color of the sands, but for their composition. Usually desert sand consists of quartz with various impurities. However, the White Sands Desert is composed of gypsum, a natural calcium sulfate. Gypsum is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth, but large accumulations of it on the surface are not common (since gypsum is easily soluble in water).
This, of course, could not "wash" from the mountains, apparently inflated (applied through the air with the wind) ….
Uyuni salt flat. Pay attention to the hexagons.
The Uyuni Salt Flats is the largest wet salt flats, extending over 10,582 sq. km. Located in Bolivia, this desert can significantly change the way you think about deserts. According to the official version (which can be reckoned with, but you should not believe 100%), this is a dried up salt lake, whose relief is absolutely flat.
The mysterious salt hexagons.
The official science did not seek the reason for them, preferring to pretend that it does not notice this (it always does this - apparently it helps).
Black Desert, Egypt.
The official version: the black desert is an area where volcanic hills are covered with a lot of small black stones. The pebbles lie on top of the orange-brown earth, and therefore the desert is not completely black.
It looks like a big fireplace - only the smoldering fires are left …
White Desert, Egypt.
Now, please skip to the beginning of the article, where the wording from the children's encyclopedia is given: "what are deserts and how they were formed" - "rivers carry a lot of sand, clay, and fine gravel that form the surface layer to the flat areas of deserts." To put it mildly, it sounds silly.
Who lived here?
I have already written that in many cases, on the territory of today's deserts, the ruins of ancient buildings, built using an unknown technology, are found. Who these people were - for the most part there is no data.
Arizona, USA.
And they were definitely not built by the Indians and certainly not by the Anglo-Saxons….
Let's take a look at the South African Kalahari Desert. Straight to its very geographic center. And immediately we find ourselves on some ruins, some buildings.
Ruins of ancient structures in the Kalahari
River dams in the same place - in the Kalahari Desert.
And these are fried pebbles. Evidence of exposure to ultra-high temperatures. Which instantly evaporated huge lakes and hundreds of rivers.
I believe that there is enough material to cast doubt on the official version of the emergence of deserts in general and sands in deserts in particular. Something is not clean with the simple and uncomplicated explanation that we have been stuffed with since childhood. Obviously, in each case it is necessary to approach the explanation individually. And carefully study, study, without dismissing any hypotheses.
So what happened to these territories? How did they come about? And where does so much ancient sand actually come from in some deserts?