Supporters of the social revolution are often reproached for the lack of models of the future society, and, what is even more important, the experience of an alternative to the modern system of economic and socio-cultural life. But in fact, there are such experiences and, accordingly, models of the future society associated with it.
Every society consists of bricks, a kind of elementary particles that form various combinations, complex structures and, at the same time, reject alien elements. Thus, capitalism is based on a private enterprise that uses hired labor and produces goods. The basis of the medieval society was the feudal seigneur, the ancient one - the polis. In the East, the basis of social relations for many centuries was a powerful bureaucratic state that owned both property and people, and in the primitive world, small autonomous collectives of hunters and gatherers should be considered the foundation of society.
A stateless society of universal self-government is based on a self-governing commune. Here we do not need to invent anything, since there are many such communes organized at different times. For convenience, let's take as an example the modern German commune of Niederkaufungen, which is home to about 70 adults and about 20 children.
Initially, the commune sought to build a new world, a new system of human relations without inequality, without the domination of man over man, without competition between people. The basis of the new world was direct democracy (decision-making by general meetings of community members), the principle "from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs, according to the economic possibilities of the commune", relations of solidarity between people, and environmental friendliness of production. The commune is organized as a network of microcommunities - territorial and industrial. There is no private ownership of buildings, means of production or income from them within the commune. The economy is completely public and any member of the collective can take what he needs from the common property. Therefore, the individual economic interest of each member of the commune coincides with the collective:the standard of living of individual individuals depends on the efficiency of the work of all. In order to eliminate patriarchal attitudes, communards often live in small groups rather than separate families.
The upbringing of children is carried out not only by parents, but also by other adults, and in some cases these adults are chosen by the children themselves. However, no one forbids those wishing to live in separate families. In addition to the residence groups in Niederkaufungen, there are production groups engaged in various jobs, which usually require high qualifications. Their goal is the maximum environmental friendliness of work and lifestyle. The commune has: a kindergarten, a construction workshop, an architecture office, a carpentry workshop, a locksmith's workshop, a sewing and leather workshop, a conference and meeting house, a canteen, a conference room, an administrative office, a bio-urban enterprise, a livestock farm, a typesetting manufactory, etc. etc. There has recently been a new team engaged in helping the elderly. A number of people work in less formalized, rather advisory, groups of individuals.
The commune has its own teachers and psychologists. Each territorial and industrial group is self-governing: its members at their meetings determine in what conditions to live or how to work. However, material goods in the commune are generally available, and their management and coordination of the activities of microcommunities is carried out by a general meeting of the entire commune, which meets once a week. The activities of the commune of Niederkaufungen proved to be so successful from an economic point of view that it is almost completely self-sufficient in food, transport (the commune has 11 vehicles, including a truck, vans and 7 cars) and many others, the standard of living is constantly and steadily increasing, which even causes criticism of individual communards - supporters of a more modest existence.
However, this project is not sufficient to describe the society of the future, because small communes need various things that can only be produced by relatively large industrial facilities. They need metals, machine tools, wood, energy, medicines, transport networks through which everything they need is delivered, modern means of communication. Consequently, deposits of various ores, large power plants, engineering plants and transport networks must become public domain.
Thus, we are no longer a world of isolated communes, but a commune of communes. Hundreds or thousands of the Niederkaufungens of the future will unite in giant agglomerations in order to jointly support the operation of a complex of large enterprises (however, it is possible that production will become more compact over time). Large enterprises run by communal labor collectives will only produce what meets the commune's needs. These needs will be determined through consultation between the communes.
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In turn, these agglomerations will be able to unite into even larger (for example, continental) agglomerations, and they - into a worldwide network of communes. Self-management of large production teams is a rather complicated thing, because the larger the project, the more difficult it is to control it. But here, too, the social revolutionary movement has considerable experience that must be carefully studied and brought into line with modern realities. This is, first of all, the experience of revolutionary Spain in 1936 and revolutionary Hungary in 1956. In the latter case, workers' assemblies and councils elected by them managed almost all the enterprises of Greater Budapest, the country's largest industrial complex (the population of Budapest was up to 2 million people).