What's so surprising? When I was deciding what specialty to get, it was somehow more or less logical. Someone went to schools because study and institutes were not for them. They have now become highly demanded specialists in their field. Those who chose the institute also somehow correlated their desires with what is now “interesting” on the labor market and in demand.
Then some kind of band started, when everyone wanted to go to the institute (there were many paid branches of institutes and they took everyone there … with money) and at the same time, for some reason, everyone wanted to become economists and lawyers. As a result, then everyone worked as salesmen in Svyaznoy and Eldorado.
Even now, according to a poll by VTsIOM, almost half of Russians (47%) do not work in their specialty. Almost a third - 28% - have never worked on it. If we translate the percentage into the number of employees, then about 40 million are not doing what they were taught in universities and vocational schools.
Every year, about a million specialists graduate from universities in our country, almost half of whom studied on a budgetary basis, that is, in fact, by order of the state. But many of them still cannot find a job in their specialty. In fact, the notorious "all roads and paths open to you" end in a career and earnings dead end.
There are two reasons why many do not work in their specialty: low salaries and lack of necessary vacancies. And this is not surprising: the salary of an employee today is regulated not due to experience, professionalism, qualifications or hard work, but due to the price of a person in the labor market in the region and can differ significantly.
The most paid leadership positions are occupied not by professional managers who have gone through all stages of career growth and have risen from the bottom, but by people with the most demanded qualities today - loyalty and obedience.
There is another problem as well. The lack of uniform distribution and development throughout the country creates huge migration flows of the population. All the talk that the population should be mobile, in fact, works only in one direction. Hundreds of thousands of people leave settlements, villages and small towns, heading to regional and regional centers, and then to the two main metropolises of the country - Moscow and St. Petersburg. As a result, more than 10% of the population lives in two cities.
For the opportunity to live in the metropolis, people are forced to grab any available job, being in the fiercest competition with each other, and those who could not get at least some specialty, also compete with a constant influx of labor migrants from other countries.
Promotional video:
In such conditions, a surplus of labor force arises in the two capitals, which makes it possible to reduce working conditions and wages. Those who find a job are forced to endure all labor violations, even if they are associated with a risk to life and health.
Soon these problems will begin to grow due to the gradual increase in the number of people of pre-retirement age in the labor market. Competition and turnover will intensify, and the ceiling for career and salary growth for many specialties will decrease.
All these problems are caused by the raw material nature of the Russian economy, for the functioning of which many of the specialties taught in universities are not needed. And tens of millions of specialists are not needed for the raw materials economy either. Therefore, in Russia, with its resource-based economy, a situation of “extra specialists”, “extra people” and “extra regions” arises.
Author: Denis Cheredinov