The news of the experiment being carried out in Europe shook the public calm, rising to the top of the list of discussed topics. The Hadron Collider has appeared everywhere - on TV, in the press and on the Internet. What can we say, if LJ-users create separate communities, where hundreds of indifferent people have already actively expressed their opinions about the new brainchild of science. Delo offers you 10 facts you must know about the Hadron Collider
1. Why hadronic and what is a collider?
The mysterious scientific phrase ceases to be such, as soon as we figure out the meaning of each of the words. Hadron is the name of a class of elementary particles. Collider is a special accelerator, with the help of which it is possible to transfer high energy to elementary particles of matter and, having accelerated to the highest speed, reproduce their collision with each other.
2. Why is everyone talking about him?
According to scientists of the European Center for Nuclear Research CERN, the experiment will allow to reproduce in miniature the explosion that resulted in the formation of the universe billions of years ago. However, what the public is most worried about is what the consequences of a mini-explosion on the planet will be if the experiment fails. According to some scientists, as a result of the collision of elementary particles flying at ultrarelativistic speeds in opposite directions, microscopic black holes are formed, as well as other dangerous particles will fly out. Relying on special radiation that leads to the evaporation of black holes is not particularly worth it - there is no experimental evidence that it works. That is why such a scientific innovation arises distrust, actively fueled by skeptical scientists.
3. How does this thing work?
Elementary particles are accelerated in different orbits in opposite directions, after which they are placed in one orbit. The value of the intricate device is that thanks to it, scientists are able to study the products of the collision of elementary particles, recorded by special detectors in the form of digital cameras with a resolution of 150 megapixels, capable of taking 600 million frames per second.
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4. When did the idea to create a collider appear? > The idea of building the car was born in 1984, but the construction of the tunnel did not start until 2001. The accelerator is located in the same tunnel where the previous accelerator, the Large Electron-Positron Collider, was located. The 26.7-kilometer ring was laid at a depth of about one hundred meters underground in France and Switzerland. On September 10, the first proton beam was launched in the accelerator. A second bundle will be launched in the next few days.
5. How much did the construction cost?
Hundreds of scientists from all over the world, including Russian, took part in the development of the project. Its cost is estimated at $ 10 billion, of which the USA invested $ 531 million in the construction of the hadron collider. 6. What contribution has Ukraine made to the creation of the accelerator? Scientists of the Ukrainian Institute of Theoretical Physics took a direct part in the construction of the Hadron Collider. They have developed an internal tracking system (ITS) especially for research. She is the heart of "Alice" - the part of the collider where the miniature "big bang" is to take place. Obviously, this is not the least important part of the car. Ukraine has to pay 200 thousand hryvnia annually for the right to participate in the project. This is 500-1000 times less than contributions to the project of other countries. 7. When to wait for the end of the world?The first experiment on collision of beams of elementary particles is scheduled for October 21. Until that time, scientists plan to accelerate the particles to a speed close to the speed of light. According to Einstein's theory of general relativity, we are not in danger of black holes. However, if the theories with additional spatial dimensions turn out to be correct, we do not have very much time left to have time to solve all our questions on planet Earth. 8. Why are black holes scary?A black hole is a region in space-time, the force of gravitational attraction of which is so strong that even objects moving at the speed of light cannot leave it. The existence of black holes is confirmed by the solutions of Einstein's equations. Despite the fact, many already imagine how a black hole formed in Europe, expanding, will engulf the entire planet, it is not worth sounding the alarm. Black holes, which, according to some theories, may appear during the operation of the collider, according to all the same theories, will exist for such a short period of time that they simply will not have time to start the process of absorbing matter. According to some scientists, they will not even have time to fly to the walls of the collider.
9. How can research be useful?
In addition to the fact that these studies are another incredible scientific achievement that will allow humanity to find out the composition of elementary particles, this is not all the gain for which humanity has taken such a risk. Perhaps, in the near future, we will be able to see dinosaurs with our own eyes and discuss the most effective military strategies with Napoleon. Russian scientists believe that as a result of the experiment, mankind will be able to create a time machine. 10. How to make the impression of a scientifically savvy person using the hadron collider?
And finally, if someone, armed with an answer in advance, asks you what exactly is a hadron collider, we offer you a decent answer that can pleasantly surprise anyone. So, fasten your seat belts! The Hadron Collider is a charged particle accelerator designed to accelerate protons and heavy ions in colliding beams. Built at the Research Center of the European Council for Nuclear Research and is a 27-kilometer-long tunnel buried at a depth of 100 meters. Due to the fact that protons are electrically charged, an ultrarelativistic proton generates a cloud of almost real photons flying near the proton. This flux of photons becomes even stronger in the regime of nuclear collisions, due to the large electric charge of the nucleus. They can collide with both an oncoming proton, giving rise to typical photon-hadron collisions,so with each other. Scientists are afraid that as a result of the experiment, space-time "tunnels" in space, which are a typological feature of space-time, may form. As a result of the experiment, the existence of supersymmetry can also be proved, which, therefore, will become an indirect confirmation of the truth of superstring theory.