Scientists at the Bistra Research Center in Ptu, Slovenia, have advanced the theory that Newton's idea of time as an absolute measure that moves on its own, and that time is the fourth existing dimension, are incorrect. They proposed replacing these concepts of time with a new view that better correlates with the physical world: time is just a numerological order of physical change.
This view does not mean that time does not exist, but rather that time has more to do with space than with the idea of absolute time. In other words, if the concept of four-dimensional space-time assumes the existence of three spatial dimensions and one temporal, then the new paradigm says that it is more correct to represent space-time as four dimensions of real space. Which means the universe is inherently "timeless."
In two recent publications in Physics Essays, Amrit Sorli, David Fiscalletti, and Dusan Klinar explain that we are accustomed to thinking of time as an absolute quantity that acts as an independent variable (time t is often plotted on the X-axis of graphs depicting the evolution of the physical system). But as they note, we never actually measure t. What we measure is the frequency and rate of change of an object. But t itself is just a mathematical quantity, and does not have a physical existence.
"Minkowski space is not three-dimensional + time, it is four-dimensional," the scientists write in their article. “The point of view that considers time to be a physical entity in which material changes take place has been replaced by a more convenient point of view, in which time is just a numerological order of material changes. This point of view is in better agreement with the physical world and better explains instant physical phenomena: gravity, electrostatic interaction, and many others."
"The idea that time is the fourth dimension of space has not made much progress in physics and, strictly speaking, conflicts with the formalism of special relativity," they say. “We are currently developing a paradigm for 3D quantum space based on the work of Max Planck. Apparently, the universe is three-dimensional from the macrolevel to the microlevel in the Planck volume, which is three-dimensional. In this three-dimensional space, there is no "shortening of length", there is no "time dilation". What really exists is the rate of material change in the relativistic Einstein sense."
Researchers offer an example of this concept of time: Imagine a photon moving between two points in space. The distance between these two points is made up of Planck distances, each of which represents the smallest distance a photon can travel (the fundamental unit of this movement is Planck time). When a photon travels the Planck distance, it moves exclusively in space, but not in absolute time, the scientists explain. A photon can be thought of as moving from point 1 to point 2, and its position at point 1 "precedes" its position at point 2 in the sense that number 1 precedes number 2 in numerological order. And the numerological order is not equivalent to the temporal order. In other words, number 1 does not exist before number 2 in time,but only in numerological order.