The emergence theory is a new physics model currently being developed by a Los Angeles group of scientists. The task of the theory is closely, but simply, to weave together quantum mechanics, general and special relativity, the standard model, and other basic theories of physics into a complete, fundamental picture of a discretized self-actualizing universe.
The formalism of the physical theory of emergence is based on a concept that is rapidly gaining a place in the community of theoretical physicists: all reality consists of information. What is information? Information is the value conveyed by symbols. Languages and codes are groups of such symbols that convey meaning. The various possible locations of these symbols are governed by the rules. The user of the language makes arbitrary choices as to how to arrange these characters to produce meaningful meaning, in accordance with the rules. Therefore, the existence of information must imply the one who chooses, or some form of consciousness, in order for it to be actualized.
We identify two classes of characters. One class contains those symbols that subjectively represent something other than the symbols themselves. For example, the shape of two intersecting diagonal lines ("X") can represent the mathematical concept of multiplication, an English letter, or a kiss (as is the accepted abbreviation in English). The shapes of the letters "K-O-T" can represent a specific animal that we all know and love, but it can also represent something else if we want to. A second and perhaps more fundamental class of symbols are symbols, which represent ultra-low subjectivity. An example is a square shape representing a square shape. Such a geometric language using geometric symbols can express geometric meaning.
Experimentally observed reality turns out to be geometric on all scales, from the Planck level to the largest structures. Theoretical physicists hypothesize that a completely geometric language, or code using geometric symbolism, is the fundamental way in which meaning is expressed in our physical reality. We will return to this later.
The central feature of reality exhibiting geometric behavior is that all fundamental particles and forces in nature, including gravity, can transform into each other in a so-called gauge transformation. The symmetry of these transformations can be represented exactly corresponding to the vertices of the 8-polytope, lattice E8. However, we do not live in an 8-dimensional universe. Experimental evidence shows that we live in a universe consisting of only three spatial dimensions.
What kind of geometric language or code, then, could express a geometric 3D reality that is deeply connected to the 8-dimensional E8 grid?
Scientists believe the answer lies in the language and mathematics of quasicrystals. A quasicrystal is an aperiodic, but not a random pattern, a scheme. A quasicrystal in any given dimension is created by projecting a crystal - a periodic pattern - from a higher dimension to a lower one. For example, imagine a projection of a 3-dimensional checkerboard - or a cubic lattice made of equally spaced cubes of equal dimensions - onto a 2-dimensional plane at a specific angle. This 3-D cubic lattice represents a periodic pattern that can stretch indefinitely in all directions. The 2D projected object is not a periodic pattern. It is distorted due to the projection angle and contains not one shape, which repeats endlessly, as in a 3-dimensional crystal, but a finite number of different shapes (proto-tiles),which are oriented in a certain way among themselves, obey certain rules and laws, and fill the entire two-dimensional plane in all directions.
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By analyzing a 2-dimensional projection, with the availability of suitable mathematical and trigonometric tools, it is possible to restore the "parent" object in 3D (in this example, a crystal of a cubic lattice). A famous example of a 2-dimensional quasicrystal is the Penrose mosaic, which Roger Penrose invented in the 1970s, in which a 2-dimensional quasicrystal is created by projection of a 5-dimensional cubic lattice onto a 2-dimensional plane.
Penrose Mosaic
Emergence theory focuses on projecting an 8-dimensional E8 crystal into 4- and 3-dimensional space. When a basic 8-dimensional cell of an E8 lattice (a shape with 240 vertices, called a "Gossett polyhedron") is projected into 4D, two identical 4-dimensional shapes of different sizes are created. Their size ratio is the golden ratio. Each of these figures is constructed from 600 3-dimensional tatrahedra, rotated from each other at an angle based on the golden ratio. Scientists call this 4-dimensional shape "Cell-600". Such forms interact in a certain way (intersect in 7 ways associated with the golden ratio, and "kiss" in a certain way) to form a 4-dimensional quasicrystal. By taking 3-dimensional subspaces of this 4-dimensional quasicrystal and rotating them away from each other at a certain angle, we form a 3-dimensional quasicrystal,which has only one type of prototile: a 3-dimensional tetrahedron.
On a TV screen or computer monitor, the smallest, indivisible unit is a 2-dimensional pixel. In our three-dimensional quasi-crystalline reality, the tetrahedron is the smallest indivisible unit. A three-dimensional pixel of reality, if you will. Each tetrahedron represents the smallest possible three-dimensional shape that can exist in this reality: the length of each of its edges is the Planck length (the shortest length known in physics), which is 1035 times less than a meter. These three-dimensional pixels combine with each other in accordance with specific geometric rules, filling the entire space.
On a 2D screen, pixels never move. They simply change the values of brightness and color, and the illusion of meaning (in the form of a picture) is created by their combined values. Likewise, tetrahedra in a three-dimensional quasicrystal never move. Instead, they act like a binary language: at any time, each tetrahedron can be selected as "on" and "off" by the code operator. If it is "on", it can be in one of two states: "turned left" or "turned right".
Imagine one frozen moment in time in the entire universe. Let's call this moment “moment 1” for illustration. At moment 1, the three-dimensional quasicrystal that fills the entire universe is in "state 1", and in this state some tetrahedrons are on, some are off, some are turned to the left, some to the right. Now imagine the next frozen moment of time "moment 2". At moment 2, the quasicrystal is in "state 2". In this new state, many tetrahedrons are in states different from their states at moment 1. Now imagine a hundred such moments. Now imagine the movement of all these frozen moments.
Tetrahedron
If you think about cinema, a moving image is made up of single, still frames that are shot and projected at a specific speed (24 frames per second in most modern films). In the scientists' model, one second contains 10 to the power of 44 still frames. Many patterns of these frame patterns originate on a 3D quasicrystal. These patterns become more meaningful and complex over time. Gradually, forms appear on the quasicrystal that resemble particles and act like them. In particular, one of the many interesting predictions of the theory of emergence concerns the special pixel substructure of electrons - particles that are currently considered dimensionless, albeit without proof. Over time, these particles take on more and more complex forms, until they form the reality we know.
The theory of physical emergence considers space-time in the framework of Einstein's space-time model, when the future and the past exist simultaneously in one geometric object. Scientists view this object as a system in which all frames of space-time interact with all other frames constantly. In other words, there is a constant, dynamic, causal relationship loop between all points in time, where the past affects the future and the future affects the past.
They regard consciousness as both emergent and fundamental. In its fundamental form, consciousness exists within each tetrahedron / pixel in a 3D quasicrystal in the form of so-called species vectors. These species vectors can be represented by micro-scale observers in the traditional quantum mechanical sense. These observers actualize reality by making ultra-fast Planck-scale choices about the binary state of pixels (on, off, left, right) at every moment in time. This fundamental, primitive, but at the same time very clever form of consciousness directs the patterns of quasi-crystalline point space in the direction of increasing importance. Ultimately, consciousness expands to the highest degrees of order, like nature and life that we know. Life and consciousness continue to expand from this moment,expanding to all corners of the universe. Imagine how humans will one day fill trillions of galaxies - their instant communication network and high level of consciousness will grow into a giant neural network of universal scales, a kind of collective consciousness. This collective consciousness hides the fundamental, "primitive" consciousness that feeds the quasi-crystal from which it arises.
A creates B.
B creates C.
C creates A.
There are no known laws in physics that set an upper limit on what percentage of the universe can exponentially organize itself into free systems, like us humans, for example. Physics admits the possibility of converting all the energy of the Universe into a single conscious system, which itself will be a network of conscious systems. After enough time, anything can happen. And what is possible is inevitable.
ILYA KHEL