For several years, scientists have been working on creating a kind of model called the "theory of integrated information" (TII), which in the future will allow to measure consciousness.
TII is still considered bizarre, since it applies not only to humans, but also to such inanimate things as machines, subatomic particles, and even the universe itself.
Difficult mathematics
TII assumes that consciousness is based on atomic bonds, which, depending on the density of connections, are responsible for the value and complexity of thought processes. The cerebral cortex, for example, is highly valuable and provides complex thought processes because there is a dense cluster of interconnected neurons there.
When TII was presented for the first time, the parameter "Phi" was introduced for the convenience of measuring consciousness. However, calculating "Phi" was extremely difficult and time-consuming due to the limited capabilities of computers. Now, according to a recent publication, the process is going much faster.
To make it easier to understand "Phi", you can try to compare it with such a unit of mass measurement as a kilogram. What is a kilogram? According to the scientific definition: The kilogram is the SI unit of mass; its value is set by fixing the numerical value of Planck's constant h equal to exactly 6.62607015⋅10 -34, when it is expressed in the SI unit J⋅s, which is equivalent to kg⋅m2⋅s-1, where the meter and second are defined in terms of c and Cs.
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In other words, the creators of TII are trying to "weigh" consciousness, and so far they agree that everything in this world is endowed with this parameter.
Complicated
Mathematics should help humanity understand the neural basis of consciousness and test the applicability of knowledge to the whole Universe. It is possible that exactly the same mechanism is responsible for the sequence of events that occur every second in the vast expanses of outer space, which forces us to make decisions and make mistakes.