Forty years have passed since the astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin stepped onto the moon for the first time in human history
After them, 5 more manned expeditions allegedly reached the night star and returned safely. But the question is: what did they give to humanity?
Indeed. What have 6 successful (one unsuccessful) manned expeditions to the Moon brought to the Moon under the Apollo program in terms of studying our satellite? The question looks heretical, but let's not rush to hang labels.
Let's try to immediately decide: sending living people to the moon on an incredibly risky journey only makes sense in terms of assessing the possibility of colonizing the moon, this is time. On the moon, astronauts have to do something that automata (AMS - automatic interplanetary station) cannot be assigned, that's two. No other motivation can explain the costs of launching people to the moon. And what does NASA offer us based on the results of flights to the Moon?
What can be extracted from publicly available sources causes, to put it mildly, bewilderment - where did the money allocated for the project go? Astronauts installed 3 laser corner reflectors on the Moon; 5 automatic measuring complexes ALSEP; magnetometer; photo telescope for shooting the starry sky; collected 380 kg of lunar stones and regolith - lunar "sand". It sounds weighty, but … only until you begin to substantively deal with each "scientific achievement" of American … um … travelers.
The impressive phrase "laser corner reflector" really means just a large reflector, exactly the same as those that are attached to the rear of the car body. There is no need to "install" it - just throw it on the ground. The Soviet Union delivered two reflectors to the moon without any cosmonauts.
The ALSEP complex not only sounds, but also looks impressive. According to NASA, it included a seismometer, magnetometer, ion detector, lunar atmosphere detector and solar wind spectrometer. However, despite such loud names, all these devices are quite simple and do not require human participation in their installation.
Such is an expressive example. In the late 60s, during the Vietnam War, the American army widely used seismic and magnetic - yes, yes! - sensors for detecting North Vietnamese convoys. Such sensors are rugged cylinders, similar to bombs, but with a broom antenna in the tail. And they were "installed" in an elementary way: they were thrown from an airplane, when they fell, they buried themselves in the ground so that only the antenna was sticking out "into the street". And they got involved in the work. And of course, the Soviet AMS of the "Luna" series performed the same research as the "Apollo", only 10 times cheaper and without risk to people.
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Lunar photo telescope. This is actually something strange. After all, NASA has been assuring us for 40 years that stars are not visible in the "lunar" photographs because it is allegedly impossible to photograph stars from the moon, the bright shine of the lunar surface interferes. Leaving behind the scenes the complete absurdity of this awkward excuse, let us turn to common sense: if the Apollo 11 expedition had already figured out the impossibility of shooting the starry sky from the Moon, then why did Apollo 16 carry a bulky and weighty photo telescope to the Moon, obviously In the words of the Nazis themselves - useless on the moon? Where is the logic?
Finally, the last seemingly "lethal" scientific result of the Apollo expeditions. The notorious 380 kg of lunar soil and STONES. So practically no one (!) Researcher, either in the USA or abroad, has ever seen stones. More precisely, as many as two "moon stones" in the hands of scientists did fall. One surfaced during a trial in the United States itself - it turned out to be a subject of bargaining, and in the United States, it is prohibited by law (!) To have soil from the Moon in private ownership (!?). The examination showed that the stone is not lunar! The US President presented the second stone to the Dutch Queen. It would be better if he didn't. Dutch scientists happily began to study it, and it turned out that the "stone" is a piece of … fossilized prehistoric wood !!!
And already in 1979, NASA “sadly reported” that the moon rocks … disappeared without a trace from a super-protected storage facility worth $ 2.2 million, built specifically for their storage. They disappeared - and that's it. The current price of lunar soil is only $ 2.2 billion per kilogram, you think, a loss. Yes, nonsense, gentlemen, who does not happen to.
If we talk about stones, then the collection of debris lying on the ground, which the astronauts allegedly were engaged in on the Moon, is not very informative from the point of view of selenology - you never know what is lying there? The astronauts were required first of all to get samples of bedrock lunar rocks, that is, rocks protruding above the ground! Let's go back to the beginning of the article. To assess the prospects for creating lunar settlements, you need to know the answers to three questions:
a) is it possible to use local material for the construction of shelters, or will it be necessary to drag from the Earth, and then gently plant "barrels" of living and working premises?
b) are there minerals on the Moon that contain oxygen and water in a bound form, or will all this have to be regularly imported from the Earth? Finally, c) what, in fact, can the moon give us in terms of minerals?
It's good if there are platinum, iridium and rare earth elements under your feet. And if only empty basalt - is there any sense at all to "fence a garden"? And further. After all, it is precisely taking samples of rocky outcrops that is a task that (let us return to the beginning of the article) was impossible then, as it is impossible now, to entrust the automata. But in the detailed list of tools and equipment for astronauts, published in the book by K. Gatland "Space Engineering", praising the achievements of the Americans, there is not even a hint of tools for taking samples of rocky soil. Let's assume that NASA engineers turned out to be “not smart enough” to create a portable drilling rig (although they allegedly made a completely useless lunar-mobile). But at least a crowbar, a wedge and a hammer could have been put into the "trunk" of the lunar module? They didn't. What do we have in the bottom line? Little.
The Apollo astronauts have carried out (?) A number of studies and works that are quite accessible to the automaton. The Apollo astronauts did NOT accomplish the work for which it was only worth spending huge amounts of money to send them to the moon. Moreover, the "information" allegedly obtained during the Apollo program was completely refuted by the flights of the AMERICAN AMS of the Lunar Prospector series already in our time, in 1998. In particular, the data on seismology and magnetometry of the Moon were checked by the "old Vietnamese method "(see above) and diverged from the data of" Apollo "at times. And even the "lunar soil" brought by the "astronauts" raises so many questions that for some time they simply stopped giving it out to researchers.
The publications of NASA and their defenders read: the purpose of the Apollo project was to prove the very fact of the possibility of sending people to the moon. Wait a minute! Firstly, for this, only two expeditions are enough: the first is understandable, the second is to prove that the success of the first was not accidental. Why cost and risk for all the other 5? And why imitation of "stormy activity" on the Moon, which has not brought humanity a bit of information about it? Was it during the outright losing war in Vietnam that the United States got some extra money? It doesn't work that way.
It just so happened that the author of this article has worked a lot in especially extreme conditions. Under water, in war - under enemy fire, he worked with explosives and mines of various systems. And the video sequence that NASA offers as proof of the visit by the Americans to the Moon does not stand up to the slightest criticism from the point of view of extreme. Here is one "astronaut" performing (film studio "Island World", 1989 "For all mankind") pas de deux from the ballet "Swan Lake"; another tries to do a somersault, but he fails and he plows the "moon dune" with gloves and a face shield; the third cheerfully slides off the "dune", sorry, on his ass - or rather, on a life support knapsack, on the uninterrupted operation of which his life depends.
These pilots of the Air Force and Navy, selected for the Apollo program, were wounded and killed by air wolves, each of them had a couple of thousand flight hours and more than one emergency. They knew the cost of careless movement and knew that from the moon to the nearest ambulance station - 380,000 km. And if, God forbid, you dislocate your leg or damage your knapsack, dialing "911" is useless. And yet they played the fool mercilessly in front of the cameras! Why?!
Alan Shepard surpassed everyone. From the "lunar module" he brought out a golf club and three balls. And he closed up the classic "twisted kick" - this is when the ball in flight steeply goes to the side, which is possible only and exclusively in a dense gas atmosphere. That is, not on the moon!
And there is only one answer. Undoubtedly, the brave and courageous officers of the American Armed Forces were involved in the execution of the notoriously despicable falsification - the "landing on the moon". They didn’t succeed in “reverse gear” - the examples of Virgie-la Grissom and other astronaut candidates who had been killed at the stage of the formation of the “Apollo team” were in front of everyone's eyes. However, working as cheap puppets in a NASA-directed performance for top-class pilots was very heartbreaking. They would really fly to the Moon ten times, even with minimal chances of returning! And they were forced to participate in a crappy show …
And then they arranged their little sabotage, designed for thinking people. But are there just a lot of them thinking? The Apollo astronauts are trying to shout to us: this is a hoax! But we don't hear.
If you do not ponder over the past, you cannot build the future.