Wormholes are a hypothetical property of the Universe: it is believed that with their help you can easily get into the most distant galaxies. They can exist thanks to the phenomenon of quantum entanglement - in theory, particles can be closely related to each other, regardless of the distance separating them.
Scientists have long been working on a theory that could explain all the properties of outer space, from particles to galaxies. Currently, researchers have two theories - quantum mechanics and general relativity. Both theories describe the laws of the universe independently of each other: quantum theory describes the behavior of the smallest objects, and the theory of relativity describes large objects. Currently, there are also several different theories trying to combine all the properties of space.
The theory of relativity, developed by Albert Einstein, includes wormholes, officially known as the Einstein-Rosen bridges. These deformations of space-time can be tunnels connecting any black holes in the universe.
Interestingly, a similar phenomenon is also described in quantum mechanics - the very same quantum entanglement that we have already mentioned. Numerous experiments have proven that quantum entanglement really exists, and therefore, can form the basis of advanced technologies in the future, such as powerful quantum computers or ultra-secure quantum encryption.
Theoretical physicists Juan Martin Maldacena of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and Leonard Susskind of Stanford University independently argue that wormholes are associated with entanglement. In particular, they suggested that each black hole has a pair, and that both holes are connected to each other precisely because of entanglement.
Entangled black holes can arise in several ways. For example, both holes can form at the same time and automatically become entangled. In addition, particles trapped by one black hole can "collapse" into another hole, which automatically makes them entangled. Maldacena and Susskind argue that entanglement may always be associated with wormholes: for example, tiny particles, photons and electrons, can be linked precisely by microscopic wormholes.
At first glance, such a statement may seem absurd. For example, entanglement works even when gravity isn't working. But scientists have investigated how entangled pairs of particles behave in the theory of supersymmetry, which assumes that all known elementary particles have a "superpartner".
It is also believed that with the help of such a quantum mechanical theory, it is possible to explain the behavior of objects in four changes (the fourth is time). If the theory of wormholes is correct, then an additional fifth dimension comes into play - thus, wormholes and entanglement can be essentially the same phenomenon.
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