Given everything we know about the laws governing the universe, it seems highly unlikely (if not entirely acceptable) that one day we will be able to travel all the way from Earth to the far side of our galaxy.
This is even more unlikely than the likelihood that we can travel between the stars or simply find an exoplanet that we can settle on for a long time. The cosmos is incredibly huge and continues to grow every day.
Of course, scientists have come up with several solutions to our movement problems, including warp drives that are almost certainly effective. But there is another workaround that has yet to be proven: wormholes. If you are not familiar with them, wormholes are purely theoretical “structures” that basically come in two flavors.
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The first type of wormholes can be compared to anchors that connect our universe with other universes that exist in the multiverse (simply put, these are portals to other universes). Such wormholes are inert to ordinary matter and cannot be kept open without some exotic matter. Alternatively, some physicists have speculated that the supermassive black holes that exist at the center of most large galaxies may in fact be wormholes. They even suggested a way to test this hypothesis.
Most people are familiar with the second type: these are places where space-time closes on itself, forming "bridges" that not only connect two distant points in space, but also create a short transition between them (like a folded sheet of paper). You can enter a wormhole from one location and find yourself on the other side. It's worth noting that if these structures exist, which is possible given the fact that one type of wormhole is supported by Einstein's theory of general relativity (at least mathematically), they may still be impassable.
Even if some types can be passable, you still have to overcome a lot of rather difficult obstacles to get to the other side without being crushed into a trillion small pieces or simply not being burned.
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Despite the fact that no one has ever seen a wormhole or found definitive proof of their existence, an interesting question arises: what would it be like to walk through a wormhole and survive? What would you see there? Of course, no one can answer this question with certainty. But this video, for example, shows how it could be.
Created by Andrew Hamilton, an astrophysicist at the University of Colorado, this animation is based not on the type of black holes we are used to (Schwarzschild), but on the Reisner-Nordström type of black holes (these black holes are characterized as objects with mass and electric charge, but without back).
This distinction is important because Hamilton himself wrote the following: “The big difference between a charged (Reisner-Nordström) and uncharged black hole is that the mathematical solution of the first black hole would involve a one-way path that connects the black hole to the white hole and takes you out. to another space and time.
What will we see?
What follows is a quote from Hamilton himself:
“Beyond the outer horizon, the orbital structure of a charged Reisner-Nordstrom black hole is analogous to an uncharged Schwarzschild black hole, with regions where circular orbits are stable, unstable, and non-existent. But while an uncharged black hole has one horizon, a charged black hole has two - external and internal."
After you pass through the first horizon (outer), you will meet the second boundary, the inner horizon. Hamilton claims the trip could take about 20 seconds, assuming the black hole is the same size as the supermassive black hole in the central region of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A *.
Hamilton continues: "A trip to the outer horizon of a Reisner-Nordstrom black hole is like a trip to a Schwarzschild black hole." After you fully pass the outer threshold, your view will split into two parts in both scenarios. Only you wouldn't even know that you had completed the journey.
At this point, your eyes will begin to deceive you, the interior will seemingly contract and expand, but look smaller and smaller as you fall inward. This compression is caused by a relativistic effect. It also leads to the fact that the light of the outer Universe becomes brighter and shifts to blue around the black hole.
This view will change as you enter the inner horizon. The further you fall, the more the internal flow of space-time stretches out, "slowed down by the gravitational repulsion generated by the negative pressure of the radial electric field." Once you reach a certain radius, the flow of space-time will reach the speed of light, and you will meet with all the light and information that has eluded you up to this point.
Through the inner horizon
At that moment, "if you look at your feet, you will see them below you, but in fact the light emitted by your feet is from the time when they were outside the current position of your eyes." They will stretch out like spaghetti. At the same time, on the inner horizon, you will suffer from an infinitely bright and infinitely energetic flash of light.
This flash of light will be an image of the inner universe reflected by a gravitationally repulsive singularity. A flash of light contains the entire history of the universe, infinitely accelerated. Further - a white hole.
Now you finally move on to the last leg of the journey. “As soon as you pass through the outer horizon of the white hole, once again you see an infinitely bright and energetic flash of light. This time it is the light of a new universe that was trapped in a white hole. The flash of light contains the entire past history of the new universe."
“Turning around and looking back, you would see the white hole from which you emerged. You will see the light of your original universe. Light has traveled the same path as you, through a black hole, a wormhole, through a white hole and into a new universe."
Nevertheless, Hamilton stresses an important point, noting that “since the Reisner-Nordstrom geometry is just a mathematical solution, it does not indicate where or when a new universe begins. You can assume, if you like, that the new universe will be a different space and time in our own universe. But in reality, the Reisner-Nordstrom geometry will not be a physically consistent solution for a black hole. In reality there is no new universe."
What happens if you survive?
Under certain circumstances, you might experience the tidal forces of an event horizon or black hole. It is speculated that if the black hole is large enough (say, the diameter of our solar system), you might be able to survive the "spaghettification" process long enough to witness something really cool. In short, the larger the black hole, the less extreme its surface. If the black hole is large enough, you can maintain (in theory) your structural integrity.
Given the basic tenets of general and special relativity - that the faster objects move in space, the slower they move in time - we can conclude that every object, including you, that will be absorbed by a black hole will be able to experience the effects of time dilation caused by curvature space-time.
Conversely, those objects that enter the black hole after you will experience less time dilation. Thus, if you are able to look directly into a black hole that you fall into at relativistic speed, you will see every object that has fallen into it in the past. If you look back, you will see everything that fell into the black hole after you.
You will see the entire history of this particular place in space from the moment the universe was created until the end of time (at least until the black hole is evaporated by Hawking radiation).