This secret has not yet been finally revealed. How did the ancient Egyptians move two million blocks with an average weight of 2.5 tons to create this true wonder of the world?
Perhaps the answer lies in the strange cavities that are hidden under the masonry. Little is known about them yet. It is possible that over time the hypothesis will be recognized as true, according to which the 4500-year-old tomb of Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops) was built, as it were, “inside out”, through an angular spiral tunnel covering the interior of the pyramid. This is an important difference from more conventional theories, according to which the monument was erected using external ramps, which were then dismantled.
The founder of the “inverted” model of building pyramids is the French architect Jean-Pierre Houdin. He believes that for centuries, Egyptologists have ignored important evidence in favor of this particular model, which was literally before their eyes. And the usual ideas that the pyramids could have been built "outside", he considers to be fundamentally wrong, if only because this would require erecting structures as tall as the pyramid itself. For example, it would be highly impractical to build a single, straight, external ramp. Indeed, to supply blocks to a height of 147 meters (i.e., to the top of the pyramid), the total length of such a ramp would have to be 1.6 kilometers, and, moreover, it itself would have to be made of something strong enough, probably from that the same stone. Another complication:in the course of decades of similar construction, workers would have to constantly increase the height and length of the ramp as their pyramid grew. And some traces of the construction and renovation of such a "second pyramid" would certainly have to reach our times.
Another theory looks more realistic, suggesting the construction of a stone "serpentine" along the outer perimeter of the Great Pyramid. The trouble, however, is that such a road will inevitably interfere with calculations and measurements carried out during construction.
Ouden's theory suggests that the Great Pyramid was built in two stages. In the first step, the blocks were towed by means of the above-described direct external ramp. But in this way only the base of the pyramid was created, its lower third, which, however, contains most of the mass. The limestone blocks that were used to construct this temporary external ramp were then used to build the upper levels of the pyramid (which explains the absence of traces of the original ramp). After the foundation was finished, construction proceeded using an inclined internal corkscrew tunnel that wound inside the pyramid itself. As the construction was completed, this tunnel disappeared, being built up in blocks.
Proof of exactly this sequence of construction of the upper two-thirds of the Great Pyramid was found relatively recently, after scientists drew attention to the presence of an open groove at the northeastern edge. Uden explains the presence of such indentations by the need to somehow rotate the blocks as they move inside the pyramid. He believes that there were open areas at the four corners of the Great Pyramid, where blocks were turned by blocks and wooden cranes before moving into the next tunnel.
For the final confirmation of Uden's theory, it is necessary to somehow reveal those built-in blocks that sealed the lifting tunnel thousands of years ago. In 1986, a French team was already searching for hidden cameras in the Great Pyramid, studying the density distribution using microgravimetric methods (recording variations in the local gravitational field). The study did not bear any fruit then, but now in the images obtained it seems that it is possible to see traces of a certain internal spiral-like structure hiding behind the outer layers of the stone. For the final check, it may be enough to take even long night shots using infrared cameras installed on SUVs, but this requires special permission from the Egyptian authorities.
